{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2787201611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/icg-1989-12204","title":"Retrograde Analysis and Two Computerizable Definitions of the Quality of Chess Games","display_name":"Retrograde Analysis and Two Computerizable Definitions of the Quality of Chess Games","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2787201611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/icg-1989-12204","mag":"2787201611"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/icg-1989-12204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/icg-1989-12204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30686695","display_name":"ICGA Journal","issn_l":"1389-6911","issn":["1389-6911","2468-2438"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321919","host_organization_name":"International Computer Games Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Computer Games Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICGA Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015650556","display_name":"Ingo Alth\u00f6fer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20121455","display_name":"Bielefeld University","ror":"https://ror.org/02hpadn98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ingo Alth\u00f6fer","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bielefeld, West Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bielefeld, West Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015650556"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20121455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37398436,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"2","first_page":"74","last_page":"78"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9778000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.621478796005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4900883436203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.04198905825614929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.621478796005249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4900883436203003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.04198905825614929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/icg-1989-12204","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/icg-1989-12204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S30686695","display_name":"ICGA Journal","issn_l":"1389-6911","issn":["1389-6911","2468-2438"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321919","host_organization_name":"International Computer Games Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321919"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Computer Games Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ICGA Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W2382290278","https://openalex.org/W2350741829","https://openalex.org/W2130043461","https://openalex.org/W2530322880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"deals":[2],"with":[3],"a":[4,37],"twofold":[5],"problem:":[6],"first,":[7],"that":[8],"of":[9,13,25],"the":[10],"realistic":[11],"content":[12],"chess":[14,39],"problems.":[15],"Second,":[16],"retrograde":[17],"analysis":[18],"is":[19,35],"shown":[20],"to":[21],"have":[22],"fundamental":[23],"questions":[24],"its":[26],"own:":[27],"notably,":[28],"given":[29],"two":[30],"configurations":[31],"A":[32],"and":[33],"B,":[34],"there":[36],"legal":[38],"game":[40],"lea":[41]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}