{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1947471199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/fi-2009-182","title":"ALC + T: a Preferential Extension of Description Logics","display_name":"ALC + T: a Preferential Extension of Description Logics","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1947471199","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/fi-2009-182","mag":"1947471199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/fi-2009-182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/fi-2009-182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S39012697","display_name":"Fundamenta Informaticae","issn_l":"0169-2968","issn":["0169-2968","1875-8681"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fundamenta Informaticae","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002078119","display_name":"Laura Giordano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9445-7770"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123338534","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale \u201cAmedeo Avogadro\u201d","ror":"https://ror.org/04387x656","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123338534"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Laura Giordano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 del Piemonte\r\t\t\t Orientale \"A. Avogadro\" viale Teresa Michel, 11 -\r\t\t\t 15121, Alessandria, Italy. E-mail: laura@mfn.unipmn.it","Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 del Piemonte Orientale \"A. Avogadro\" viale Teresa Michel, 11 - 15121, Alessandria, Italy. E-mail: laura@mfn.unipmn.it"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 del Piemonte\r\t\t\t Orientale \"A. Avogadro\" viale Teresa Michel, 11 -\r\t\t\t 15121, Alessandria, Italy. E-mail: laura@mfn.unipmn.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123338534"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 del Piemonte Orientale \"A. Avogadro\" viale Teresa Michel, 11 - 15121, Alessandria, Italy. E-mail: laura@mfn.unipmn.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123338534"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000093016","display_name":"Nicola Olivetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6254-3754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139645","display_name":"Cezanne (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vd5fy29","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139645"]}],"countries":["FR","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Olivetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["LSIS-UMR CNRS 6168 Universit\u00e9\r\t\t\t \"Paul C\u00e9zanne\" Aix en Provence, France.\r\t\t\tE-mail: nicola.olivetti@univ-cezanne.fr","LSIS-UMR CNRS 6168 Universit\u00e9 \"Paul C\u00e9zanne\" Aix en Provence, France. E-mail: nicola.olivetti@univ-cezanne.fr"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LSIS-UMR CNRS 6168 Universit\u00e9\r\t\t\t \"Paul C\u00e9zanne\" Aix en Provence, France.\r\t\t\tE-mail: nicola.olivetti@univ-cezanne.fr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139645","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LSIS-UMR CNRS 6168 Universit\u00e9 \"Paul C\u00e9zanne\" Aix en Provence, France. E-mail: nicola.olivetti@univ-cezanne.fr","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085226513","display_name":"Valentina Gliozzic","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valentina Gliozzic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di\r\t\t\t Torino c.so Svizzera 185, 10145 Torino, Italy. E-mail: {gliozzi,pozzato}@di.unito.it","Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino c.so Svizzera 185, 10145 Torino, Italy. E-mail: {gliozzi,pozzato}@di.unito.it"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di\r\t\t\t Torino c.so Svizzera 185, 10145 Torino, Italy. E-mail: {gliozzi,pozzato}@di.unito.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino c.so Svizzera 185, 10145 Torino, Italy. E-mail: {gliozzi,pozzato}@di.unito.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017785610","display_name":"Gian Luca Pozzato","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3952-4624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55143463","display_name":"University of Turin","ror":"https://ror.org/048tbm396","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gian Luca Pozzato","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di\r\t\t\t Torino c.so Svizzera 185, 10145 Torino, Italy. E-mail: {gliozzi,pozzato}@di.unito.it","Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino c.so Svizzera 185, 10145 Torino, Italy. E-mail: {gliozzi,pozzato}@di.unito.it"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di\r\t\t\t Torino c.so Svizzera 185, 10145 Torino, Italy. E-mail: {gliozzi,pozzato}@di.unito.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Informatica Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino c.so Svizzera 185, 10145 Torino, Italy. E-mail: {gliozzi,pozzato}@di.unito.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55143463"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002078119"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123338534"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0595,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":112,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9782093,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"96","issue":"3","first_page":"341","last_page":"372"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11010","display_name":"Logic, Reasoning, and Knowledge","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extension","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","score":0.8517126441001892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4780595600605011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.40257009863853455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.20621010661125183}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.8517126441001892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4780595600605011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.40257009863853455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.20621010661125183}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/fi-2009-182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/fi-2009-182","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S39012697","display_name":"Fundamenta Informaticae","issn_l":"0169-2968","issn":["0169-2968","1875-8681"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Fundamenta Informaticae","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-01479565v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://amu.hal.science/hal-01479565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fundamenta Informaticae, 2009, 96, pp.1--32","raw_type":"Journal articles"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W18846563","https://openalex.org/W28460116","https://openalex.org/W82383519","https://openalex.org/W120102401","https://openalex.org/W1501348379","https://openalex.org/W1507756784","https://openalex.org/W1509410808","https://openalex.org/W1533856068","https://openalex.org/W1536088796","https://openalex.org/W1542417898","https://openalex.org/W1551296299","https://openalex.org/W1555563750","https://openalex.org/W1598068148","https://openalex.org/W1906763968","https://openalex.org/W1965105913","https://openalex.org/W2034442203","https://openalex.org/W2051626205","https://openalex.org/W2059360847","https://openalex.org/W2080142817","https://openalex.org/W2100983017","https://openalex.org/W2126382731","https://openalex.org/W2132059708","https://openalex.org/W2147860979","https://openalex.org/W2167907160","https://openalex.org/W2175390224","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W4245490552","https://openalex.org/W4225152035","https://openalex.org/W2061531152","https://openalex.org/W3002753104","https://openalex.org/W2077600819","https://openalex.org/W1587224694","https://openalex.org/W2911598644"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,106,136,151,179,199],"extend":[1,184],"the":[2,17,39,67,79,133,139],"Description":[3],"Logic":[4],"ALC":[5,29,161,176,185,217],"with":[6,22,120],"a":[7,47,85,91,112,121,129,154,169,204,208,212],"\"typicality\"":[8],"operator":[9,34,87],"T":[10,110,163,187,219],"that":[11,75,95,109,138,223,228],"allows":[12,125],"us":[13,126],"to":[14,37,59,99,127,183,190],"reason":[15],"about":[16],"prototypical":[18],"properties":[19,193],"and":[20,62,146],"inheritance":[21],"exceptions.":[23],"The":[24,32,82],"resulting":[25],"logic":[26,104],"is":[27,35,70,88,144,148,222],"called":[28],"+":[30,162,177,186,218],"T.":[31,178],"typicality":[33,86,134],"intended":[36],"select":[38],"\"most":[40,43],"normal\"":[41],"or":[42,196],"typical\"":[44],"instances":[45,231],"of":[46,66,84,93,102,132,141,160,194,207,232],"concept.":[48],"In":[49],"our":[50],"framework,":[51],"knowledge":[52,164,209],"bases":[53],"may":[54],"then":[55,152],"contain,":[56],"in":[57,188],"addition":[58],"ordinary":[60,117],"ABoxes":[61],"TBoxes,":[63],"subsumption":[64],"relations":[65],"form":[68],"\"T(C)":[69],"subsumed":[71],"by":[72,90,116],"P\",":[73],"expressing":[74],"typical":[76,230],"C-members":[77],"have":[78],"property":[80],"P.":[81,105],"semantics":[83,114,215],"defined":[89],"set":[92],"postulates":[94],"are":[96,226],"strongly":[97],"related":[98],"Kraus-Lehmann-Magidor":[100],"axioms":[101],"preferential":[103],"first":[107],"show":[108,137],"enjoys":[111],"simple":[113],"provided":[115],"structures":[118],"equipped":[119],"preference":[122],"relation.":[123],"This":[124],"obtain":[128],"modal":[130],"interpretation":[131],"operator.":[135],"satisfiability":[140,159],"anALC+Tknowledge":[142],"base":[143],"decidable":[145],"it":[147],"precisely":[149],"EXPTIME.":[150],"present":[153],"tableau":[155],"calculus":[156,167],"for":[157,175,216],"deciding":[158],"bases.":[165],"Our":[166],"gives":[168],"(suboptimal)":[170],"nondeterministic-exponential":[171],"time":[172],"decision":[173],"procedure":[174],"finally":[180],"discuss":[181],"how":[182],"order":[189],"infer":[191],"defeasible":[192],"(explicit":[195],"implicit)":[197],"individuals.":[198],"propose":[200],"two":[201],"alternatives:":[202],"(i)":[203],"nonmonotonic":[205],"completion":[206],"base;":[210],"(ii)":[211],"\"minimal":[213],"model\"":[214],"whose":[220],"intuition":[221],"minimal":[224],"models":[225],"those":[227],"maximise":[229],"concepts.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}