{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7108461130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251615","title":"Discovering the Potential of LLMs in Annotating Legal Texts for Argument Mining (Extended Abstract)","display_name":"Discovering the Potential of LLMs in Annotating Legal Texts for Argument Mining (Extended Abstract)","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7108461130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251615"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251615","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Christina Berghegger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christina Berghegger","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"C\u00e9sar Philippe","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C\u00e9sar Philippe","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Karla Salas-Jimenez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karla Salas-Jimenez","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jean-Guy Mailly","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Guy Mailly","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Leila Moudjari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leila Moudjari","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Laurent Perrussel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4387153255","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4405258862"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurent Perrussel","raw_affiliation_strings":["IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IRIT, Universit\u00e9\u00a0Toulouse Capitole","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83688371,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.5389999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.5389999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.20399999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.08269999921321869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/argumentation-theory","display_name":"Argumentation theory","score":0.7425000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/argument","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","score":0.6571000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5547000169754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scarcity","display_name":"Scarcity","score":0.4101000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.40950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-based-reasoning","display_name":"Case-based reasoning","score":0.34049999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65059942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270105","display_name":"Argumentation theory","level":2,"score":0.7425000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98184364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780131","display_name":"Argument (complex analysis)","level":2,"score":0.6571000218391418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5547000169754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109747225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815758","display_name":"Scarcity","level":2,"score":0.4101000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.40950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39329999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.35910001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20162079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1151406","display_name":"Case-based reasoning","level":2,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.3336000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993995455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3150005","display_name":"Legal document","level":2,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169437150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8458","display_name":"Human rights","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2549000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251615","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251615","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.7535848617553711,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Argument":[0],"Mining":[1],"(AM)":[2],"[1],":[3],"the":[4,73,82,115,132,142],"task":[5],"of":[6,22,25,76,84,118],"extracting":[7],"arguments":[8],"and":[9,150],"their":[10],"relations":[11],"(e.g.":[12],"attacks,":[13],"supports)":[14],"from":[15,72],"text,":[16],"has":[17],"lead":[18],"to":[19,120],"potential":[20,117],"applications":[21],"formal":[23],"models":[24],"argumentation":[26],"on":[27,35,68,147],"real-world":[28],"scenarios.":[29],"However,":[30],"AM":[31,63],"methods":[32],"largely":[33],"depend":[34],"Machine":[36],"Learning":[37],"(ML)":[38],"techniques,":[39],"which":[40],"require":[41],"high-quality":[42],"annotated":[43,56],"data.":[44],"This":[45,129],"poses":[46],"a":[47,69],"significant":[48],"limitation":[49],"in":[50,124,141,155],"domains":[51],"like":[52],"legal":[53,62,88,100,122,127,143],"reasoning,":[54],"where":[55],"corpora":[57],"are":[58,153],"extremely":[59],"scarce.":[60],"Current":[61],"research":[64],"relies":[65],"almost":[66],"entirely":[67],"single":[70],"dataset":[71],"European":[74],"Court":[75],"Human":[77],"Rights":[78],"(ECHR)":[79],"[2],":[80],"limiting":[81],"development":[83],"robust,":[85,136],"argumentation-driven":[86,137],"automated":[87,138],"reasoning":[89,139],"systems.":[90],"Addressing":[91],"this":[92,104,106],"data":[93],"scarcity":[94],"is":[95],"essential":[96],"for":[97,134],"advancing":[98],"computational":[99],"argumentation.":[101],"To":[102],"address":[103],"challenge,":[105],"paper":[107],"briefly":[108],"describes":[109],"some":[110],"preliminary":[111],"results":[112,152],"that":[113],"demonstrate":[114],"promising":[116],"LLMs":[119],"assist":[121],"experts":[123],"annotating":[125],"additional":[126],"corpora.":[128],"advancement":[130],"paves":[131],"way":[133],"more":[135],"systems":[140],"domain.":[144],"More":[145],"details":[146],"our":[148],"approach":[149],"experimental":[151],"provided":[154],"[3].":[156]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-05T23:21:25.405358","created_date":"2025-12-04T00:00:00"}