{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415427436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251446","title":"LeRAAT: LLM-Enabled Real-Time Aviation Advisory Tool","display_name":"LeRAAT: LLM-Enabled Real-Time Aviation Advisory Tool","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415427436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251446"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251446","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251446","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089920349","display_name":"Marc R. Schlichting","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1140-0563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc R. Schlichting","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120092007","display_name":"Vale Rasmussen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vale Rasmussen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120092008","display_name":"Heba Alazzeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heba Alazzeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102290315","display_name":"Houjun Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Houjun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120092009","display_name":"Kiana Jafari","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kiana Jafari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005801911","display_name":"Amelia Hardy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amelia F. Hardy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086270136","display_name":"Dylan M. Asmar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6849-0999"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dylan M. Asmar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068326377","display_name":"Mykel J. Kochenderfer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7238-9663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mykel J. Kochenderfer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":36.6998,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99510213,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11195","display_name":"Simulation Techniques and Applications","score":0.9419000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aviation","display_name":"Aviation","score":0.6942999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.5981000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.47940000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flight-simulator","display_name":"Flight simulator","score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aviation-engineering","display_name":"Aviation engineering","score":0.358599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/runway","display_name":"Runway","score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.32839998602867126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74448152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q765633","display_name":"Aviation","level":2,"score":0.6942999958992004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.6148999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.5989000201225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.5981000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.5523999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.47940000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41376638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214932","display_name":"Flight simulator","level":2,"score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.3709000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149927359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4828699","display_name":"Aviation engineering","level":4,"score":0.358599990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81155309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184590","display_name":"Runway","level":2,"score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.3068999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.299699991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166961238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221395","display_name":"Air traffic control","level":2,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C538199239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640853","display_name":"Aviation safety","level":3,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30322324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194156","display_name":"Cockpit","level":2,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776777543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361182","display_name":"Air traffic management","level":3,"score":0.26899999380111694}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251446","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251446","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"aviation":[1,83,117],"emergencies,":[2],"high-stakes":[3],"decisions":[4],"must":[5],"be":[6],"made":[7],"in":[8,31,132],"an":[9,44],"instant.":[10],"Pilots":[11],"rely":[12],"on":[13],"quick":[14],"access":[15],"to":[16,61,78,88],"precise,":[17],"context-specific":[18],"information\u2014an":[19],"area":[20],"where":[21],"emerging":[22],"tools":[23],"like":[24],"large":[25],"language":[26],"models":[27],"(LLMs)":[28],"show":[29],"promise":[30],"providing":[32],"critical":[33],"support.":[34,160],"To":[35],"help":[36],"research":[37,149],"the":[38,57,89,130],"effects":[39],"of":[40,147],"bringing":[41],"AI":[42],"into":[43],"aircraft":[45,76,105],"cockpit,":[46],"this":[47],"paper":[48],"introduces":[49],"LeRAAT,":[50],"a":[51,94,134,144],"framework":[52,131],"that":[53,99],"integrates":[54],"LLMs":[55],"with":[56,82],"X-Plane":[58],"flight":[59,71],"simulator":[60],"deliver":[62],"real-time,":[63],"context-aware":[64],"pilot":[65,153],"assistance.":[66],"The":[67],"system":[68],"uses":[69],"live":[70],"data,":[72],"weather":[73],"conditions,":[74],"and":[75,86,101,111,124,137,157],"documentation":[77],"generate":[79],"recommendations":[80],"aligned":[81],"best":[84],"practices":[85],"tailored":[87],"particular":[90],"situation.":[91],"It":[92],"employs":[93],"Retrieval-Augmented":[95],"Generation":[96],"(RAG)":[97],"pipeline":[98],"extracts":[100],"synthesizes":[102],"information":[103],"from":[104],"type-specific":[106],"manuals,":[107],"including":[108],"performance":[109],"specifications":[110],"emergency":[112],"procedures,":[113],"as":[114,116,121,152],"well":[115],"regulatory":[118],"materials,":[119],"such":[120,151],"FAA":[122],"directives":[123],"standard":[125],"operating":[126],"procedures.":[127],"We":[128],"showcase":[129],"both":[133],"virtual":[135],"reality":[136],"traditional":[138],"on-screen":[139],"simulation.":[140],"LeRAAT":[141],"can":[142],"support":[143],"wide":[145],"range":[146],"future":[148],"applications":[150],"training,":[154],"human":[155],"factors,":[156],"operational":[158],"decision":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-24T00:00:00"}