{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415427665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251421","title":"Learning an Efficient Optimizer via Hybrid-Policy Sub-Trajectory Balance","display_name":"Learning an Efficient Optimizer via Hybrid-Policy Sub-Trajectory Balance","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415427665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251421"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251421","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251421","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043743173","display_name":"Yunchuan Guan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN","SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yunchuan Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100618357","display_name":"Y\u00fc Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2211-3535"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["CN","SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","National University of Singapore, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065860733","display_name":"Ke Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4773-758X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ke Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001144444","display_name":"Hui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1264-5602"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144143","display_name":"Inspur (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0474p4r72","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jinan Inspur Data Technology Co., Ltd, Jinan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jinan Inspur Data Technology Co., Ltd, Jinan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027023336","display_name":"Sen Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58610484","display_name":"Seattle University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqc0m91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58610484"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sen Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58610484","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101789458","display_name":"Zhiqi Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7626-7295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqi Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038147536","display_name":"Z G Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6744-0473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019726320","display_name":"Xinglin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2592-6945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153682","display_name":"Intelligent Health (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/0576zak10","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153682"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinglin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Medical Image Insights Intelligent Technology Co., Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Medical Image Insights Intelligent Technology Co., Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428795","display_name":"Tao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9588-1821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101702810","display_name":"Jenq\u2013Neng Hwang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8877-2421"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58610484","display_name":"Seattle University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqc0m91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58610484"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jenq-Neng Hwang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Washington, Seattle, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58610484","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100772774","display_name":"Li Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8649-2928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58610484","display_name":"Seattle University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqc0m91","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58610484"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["DK","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark","University of Washington, Seattle, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Washington, Seattle, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58610484","https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043743173"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005","https://openalex.org/I47720641"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70969456,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9708999991416931,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9708999991416931,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.9316999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.7574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inefficiency","display_name":"Inefficiency","score":0.5853000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.48159998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4194999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.3571999967098236}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.7574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7099000215530396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778869765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6028363","display_name":"Inefficiency","level":2,"score":0.5853000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48989999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.48159998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4194999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37470000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.3571999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3384999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22367795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7625208","display_name":"Structured prediction","level":2,"score":0.33160001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.3278000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.3260999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.3212999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168031717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530280","display_name":"Balance (ability)","level":2,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164752517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5570875","display_name":"Global optimization","level":2,"score":0.29159998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55660270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164377","display_name":"Constrained optimization","level":2,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.260699987411499}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251421","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.aston.ac.uk:48412","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.aston.ac.uk/view/author/32201c43c4d5beaeb6e49da7dc24051c.html>,","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400483","display_name":"Aston Publications Explorer (Aston University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169199633","host_organization_name":"Aston University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169199633"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"NonPeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire_cris_publications/e8bc5727-06b2-46dd-8a8f-bd2721326e86","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchprofiles.ku.dk/da/publications/e8bc5727-06b2-46dd-8a8f-bd2721326e86","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401983","display_name":"Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","host_organization_name":"University of Copenhagen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Guan , Y , Liu , Y , Zhou , K , Li , H , Jia , S , Shen , Z , Wang , Z , Zhang , X , Chen , T , Hwang , J N & Li , L 2025 , Learning an Efficient Optimizer via Hybrid-Policy Sub-Trajectory Balance . in I Lynce , N Murano , M Vallati , S Villata , F Chesani , M Milano , A Omicini & M Dastani (eds) , ECAI 2025 - 28th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, including 14th Conference on Prestigious Applications of Intelligent Systems, PAIS 2025 - Proceedings . ECAI 2025 edn , vol. 413 , IOS Press BV , Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications , vol. 413 , pp. 5059-5066 , 28th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI 2025, including 14th Conference on Prestigious Applications of Intelligent Systems, PAIS 2025 , Bologna , Italy , 25/10/2025 . https://doi.org/10.3233/FAIA251421","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251421","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1426318481","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"grant","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1880386336","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China Scholarship Council (CSC)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2300736770","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(CSC)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G386552779","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China Scholarship Council (CSC)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3877519357","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFB4502701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G499089807","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62232007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8489799302","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFB4502701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8589651859","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320943","display_name":"Danmarks Grundforskningsfond","ror":"https://ror.org/00znyv691"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advances":[1],"in":[2,131],"generative":[3],"modeling":[4],"enable":[5],"neural":[6],"networks":[7],"to":[8,47,94],"generate":[9],"weights":[10],"without":[11],"relying":[12],"on":[13],"gradient-based":[14],"optimization.":[15],"However,":[16],"current":[17],"methods":[18],"are":[19],"limited":[20],"by":[21,55],"issues":[22],"of":[23,40,58,117],"over-coupling":[24],"and":[25,49,91,128,146],"long-horizon.":[26],"The":[27,44],"former":[28],"tightly":[29],"binds":[30],"weight":[31,70,136],"generation":[32,71,116],"with":[33],"task-specific":[34],"objectives,":[35],"thereby":[36],"limiting":[37],"the":[38,41,56,110,115],"flexibility":[39,75],"learned":[42],"optimizer.":[43],"latter":[45],"leads":[46],"inefficiency":[48],"low":[50],"accuracy":[51,127],"during":[52],"inference,":[53],"caused":[54],"lack":[57],"local":[59,96,105],"constraints.":[60],"In":[61,121],"this":[62],"paper,":[63],"we":[64,100,123],"propose":[65],"Lo-Hp,":[66],"a":[67,83],"decoupled":[68],"two-stage":[69],"framework":[72],"that":[73,102,133],"enhances":[74],"through":[76],"learning":[77,93,103],"various":[78],"optimization":[79,97,106],"policies.":[80,98],"It":[81],"adopts":[82],"hybrid-policy":[84],"sub-trajectory":[85],"balance":[86],"objective,":[87],"which":[88],"integrates":[89],"on-policy":[90],"off-policy":[92],"capture":[95],"Theoretically,":[99],"demonstrate":[101],"solely":[104],"policies":[107],"can":[108],"address":[109],"long-horizon":[111],"issue":[112],"while":[113],"enhancing":[114],"global":[118],"optimal":[119],"weights.":[120],"addition,":[122],"validate":[124],"Lo-Hp\u2019s":[125],"superior":[126],"inference":[129],"efficiency":[130],"tasks":[132],"require":[134],"frequent":[135],"updates,":[137],"such":[138],"as":[139],"transfer":[140],"learning,":[141,143],"few-shot":[142],"domain":[144],"generalization,":[145],"large":[147],"language":[148],"model":[149],"adaptation.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-24T00:00:00"}