{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415428561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251095","title":"NLBP: Efficient Training Spiking Neural Networks with Neuron-Level Back Propagation","display_name":"NLBP: Efficient Training Spiking Neural Networks with Neuron-Level Back Propagation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415428561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251095"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251095","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101838527","display_name":"Zikai Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2046-3008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zikai Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010930852","display_name":"Yulong Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9845-0899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yulong Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082736240","display_name":"Liming Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9523-9062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Longrun Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101293698","display_name":"Jinqiao Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinqiao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101161636","display_name":"Lirong Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lirong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043039025","display_name":"Zhuo Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8546-1329"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuo Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.6310519,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.973800003528595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backpropagation","display_name":"Backpropagation","score":0.8141000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6269000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5963000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reset","display_name":"Reset (finance)","score":0.5698999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.5561000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sigmoid-function","display_name":"Sigmoid function","score":0.4553999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generality","display_name":"Generality","score":0.4496999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.36730000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.362199991941452}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155032097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798503","display_name":"Backpropagation","level":3,"score":0.8141000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7935000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6269000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5963000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.580299973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779795794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315343","display_name":"Reset (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5698999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.5561000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81388566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q526668","display_name":"Sigmoid function","level":3,"score":0.4553999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780767217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532421","display_name":"Generality","level":2,"score":0.4496999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.36730000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.362199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33480000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.3343000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.289900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2782000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.274399995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90806461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144416","display_name":"Propagation delay","level":2,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779127903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510194","display_name":"Learning rule","level":3,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.25529998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123614077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364905","display_name":"Propagation of uncertainty","level":2,"score":0.2533000111579895}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/faia251095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/faia251095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Training":[0],"brain-inspired":[1],"spiking":[2],"neural":[3],"networks":[4],"(SNNs)":[5],"with":[6],"multi-timestep":[7],"backpropagation":[8,70],"imposes":[9],"substantial":[10],"memory":[11,83,135],"and":[12,18,53,82,98,107,111,117,124,141],"computational":[13,81],"overhead,":[14],"hindering":[15],"their":[16],"scalability":[17],"deployment.":[19],"To":[20],"address":[21],"these":[22],"challenges,":[23],"we":[24,65],"propose":[25],"a":[26,48,67,105],"Neuron-Level":[27],"Back":[28],"Propagation":[29],"(NLBP)":[30],"method,":[31],"which":[32],"eliminates":[33],"the":[34,45,93],"need":[35],"for":[36],"temporal":[37,75],"unfolding":[38],"while":[39,133],"maintaining":[40],"competitive":[41,131],"performance.":[42],"We":[43],"fit":[44],"relationship":[46],"between":[47],"neuron\u2019s":[49],"average":[50],"input":[51],"current":[52],"its":[54],"firing":[55],"rate":[56],"using":[57],"an":[58],"adaptive":[59],"sigmoid":[60],"function.":[61],"Leveraging":[62],"this":[63],"mapping,":[64],"derive":[66],"neuron-level,":[68],"single-step":[69],"rule":[71],"that":[72,128],"avoids":[73],"explicit":[74],"unfolding.":[76],"This":[77],"design":[78],"significantly":[79],"reduces":[80],"costs":[84],"when":[85],"training":[86,94,142],"deep,":[87],"large-scale":[88],"SNNs.":[89],"Furthermore,":[90],"NLBP":[91,129],"unifies":[92],"of":[95],"integrate-and-fire":[96,100],"(IF)":[97],"leaky":[99],"(LIF)":[101],"neuron":[102],"models":[103],"within":[104],"framework,":[106],"supports":[108],"both":[109],"soft":[110],"hard":[112],"reset":[113],"mechanisms,":[114],"enhancing":[115],"generality":[116],"practicality.":[118],"Extensive":[119],"experiments":[120],"on":[121],"pattern":[122],"classification":[123],"object":[125],"detection":[126],"demonstrate":[127],"achieves":[130],"accuracy":[132],"reducing":[134],"usage":[136],"by":[137,144],"up":[138],"to":[139],"73.07%":[140],"time":[143],"66.04%.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-24T00:00:00"}