{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4308419238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/atde220697","title":"Mental States and Cognitive Performance Monitoring for User-Centered e-Learning System: A Case Study","display_name":"Mental States and Cognitive Performance Monitoring for User-Centered e-Learning System: A Case Study","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4308419238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/atde220697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/atde220697","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/atde220697","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/ATDE220697","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187496","display_name":"Advances in transdisciplinary engineering","issn_l":"2352-751X","issn":["2352-751X","2352-7528"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/ATDE220697","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035375335","display_name":"Zi-Qing Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4963-7275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ziqing Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041428044","display_name":"Cherng En Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cherng En Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018055568","display_name":"Chun\u2010Hsien Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2193-5270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun-Hsien Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039303196","display_name":"Jo-Yu Kuo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118292597","display_name":"National Taipei University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cn92c09","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo-Yu Kuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Design, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City, 10608 Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Design, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei City, 10608 Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118292597"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005116407","display_name":"Kendrik Yan Hong Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2832-6865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kendrik Yan Hong Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035375335"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1749,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81179469,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.7682999968528748,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.7682999968528748,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14413","display_name":"Advanced Technologies in Various Fields","score":0.6747999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10168","display_name":"COVID-19 and Mental Health","score":0.6723999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6697237491607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-load","display_name":"Cognitive load","score":0.6485987305641174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading","display_name":"Reading (process)","score":0.5941442847251892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.5256215929985046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","score":0.4932379126548767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4769138991832733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boosting","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","score":0.457765132188797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4554060399532318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.45322972536087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.37299731373786926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.36058932542800903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3523508608341217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3515862822532654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12747102975845337}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6697237491607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61641136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107019","display_name":"Cognitive load","level":3,"score":0.6485987305641174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.5941442847251892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5256215929985046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21036866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181767","display_name":"Stress (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4932379126548767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4769138991832733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.457765132188797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4554060399532318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.45322972536087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.37299731373786926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.36058932542800903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3523508608341217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3515862822532654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12747102975845337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/atde220697","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/atde220697","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/ATDE220697","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187496","display_name":"Advances in transdisciplinary engineering","issn_l":"2352-751X","issn":["2352-751X","2352-7528"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/atde220697","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/atde220697","pdf_url":"https://ebooks.iospress.nl/pdf/doi/10.3233/ATDE220697","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210187496","display_name":"Advances in transdisciplinary engineering","issn_l":"2352-751X","issn":["2352-751X","2352-7528"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"book series"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7848659516","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SMI-2021-MA-03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330093","funder_display_name":"Singapore Maritime Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330093","display_name":"Singapore Maritime Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00p86m346"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308419238.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4308419238.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1888073748","https://openalex.org/W2086312303","https://openalex.org/W2113472468","https://openalex.org/W2151393636","https://openalex.org/W2159289539","https://openalex.org/W2591911323","https://openalex.org/W2768348081","https://openalex.org/W2892420021","https://openalex.org/W2902802339","https://openalex.org/W3010145018","https://openalex.org/W3011898242","https://openalex.org/W3036618707","https://openalex.org/W3037387814","https://openalex.org/W3088267462","https://openalex.org/W3127674322","https://openalex.org/W3175460342","https://openalex.org/W3215633886","https://openalex.org/W4200209897","https://openalex.org/W4402843978","https://openalex.org/W7036579576"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1034622430","https://openalex.org/W4313488044","https://openalex.org/W1996541855","https://openalex.org/W1987859285","https://openalex.org/W3195168932","https://openalex.org/W2139977042","https://openalex.org/W2042130734","https://openalex.org/W2921446204","https://openalex.org/W2026621066","https://openalex.org/W3217175868"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,14,135],"unprecedented":[1],"long-term":[2],"online":[3,57],"learning":[4,32,84],"caused":[5],"by":[6],"COVID-19":[7],"has":[8],"increased":[9],"stress":[10,46,96,131],"symptoms":[11],"among":[12],"students.":[13],"e-learning":[15,150],"system":[16],"reduces":[17],"communications":[18],"between":[19],"teachers":[20],"and":[21,31,48,71,74,98,108,127,132],"students,":[22],"making":[23],"it":[24],"difficult":[25],"to":[26,37,63,94,120],"observe":[27],"student\u2019s":[28],"mental":[29],"issues":[30],"performance.":[33,134],"This":[34],"study":[35],"aims":[36],"develop":[38],"a":[39,65,141],"non-intrusive":[40],"method":[41],"that":[42],"can":[43,138],"simultaneously":[44],"monitor":[45],"states":[47,97],"cognitive":[49],"performance":[50,100],"of":[51,56,101,106,146],"student":[52],"in":[53,149],"the":[54,122],"scenario":[55],"education.":[58],"Forty-three":[59],"participants":[60],"were":[61,78],"recruited":[62],"perform":[64],"computer-based":[66],"reading":[67,99,133],"task":[68],"under":[69],"stressful":[70],"non-stressful":[72],"conditions,":[73],"their":[75,128],"eye-movement":[76,125],"data":[77],"recorded.":[79],"A":[80],"tree":[81],"ensemble":[82],"machine":[83],"model,":[85,113],"named":[86],"LightGBM":[87],"(Light":[88],"Gradient":[89],"Boosting":[90],"Machine),":[91],"was":[92,118],"utilized":[93],"predict":[95],"students":[102],"with":[103],"an":[104],"accuracy":[105],"0.825":[107],"0.793,":[109],"respectively.":[110],"An":[111],"interpretable":[112],"SHAP":[114],"(SHapley":[115],"Additive":[116],"exPlanation),":[117],"used":[119],"identify":[121],"most":[123],"important":[124],"indicators":[126],"effects":[129],"on":[130],"proposed":[136],"model":[137],"serve":[139],"as":[140],"foundation":[142],"for":[143],"further":[144],"development":[145],"user-centred":[147],"services":[148],"system.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}