{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2936741062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ao-190207","title":"Towards an ontology for generative design of mechanical assemblies","display_name":"Towards an ontology for generative design of mechanical assemblies","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2936741062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ao-190207","mag":"2936741062"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/ao-190207","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ao-190207","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31619775","display_name":"Applied Ontology","issn_l":"1570-5838","issn":["1570-5838","1875-8533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Ontology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089827963","display_name":"Bahar Aameri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2078-3295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bahar Aameri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. E-mails:\u00a0bahar@cs.toronto.edu,\u00a0jcb@mie.utoronto.ca"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. E-mails:\u00a0bahar@cs.toronto.edu,\u00a0jcb@mie.utoronto.ca","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025070841","display_name":"Hyunmin Cheong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6683-701X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210103820","display_name":"Autodesk (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/01b3dk794","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286353243","https://openalex.org/I4210103820"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyunmin Cheong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Autodesk Research, Toronto, ON, Canada. E-mail:\u00a0hyunmin.cheong@autodesk.com"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Autodesk Research, Toronto, ON, Canada. E-mail:\u00a0hyunmin.cheong@autodesk.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210103820"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082373681","display_name":"J. Christopher Beck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4656-8908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Christopher Beck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. E-mails:\u00a0bahar@cs.toronto.edu,\u00a0jcb@mie.utoronto.ca"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. E-mails:\u00a0bahar@cs.toronto.edu,\u00a0jcb@mie.utoronto.ca","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089827963"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3112,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77728201,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"127","last_page":"153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11729","display_name":"Product Development and Customization","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7816919684410095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.7348405718803406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-design","display_name":"Generative Design","score":0.6697935461997986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.5588932037353516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axiomatic-design","display_name":"Axiomatic design","score":0.5480294227600098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.527344822883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.4653265178203583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axiom","display_name":"Axiom","score":0.45801037549972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-design","display_name":"Software design","score":0.44176095724105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-ontology","display_name":"Process ontology","score":0.4270004630088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4012010991573334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.351346492767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3001376688480377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.29781028628349304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.1861220896244049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.1510736644268036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12166142463684082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7816919684410095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.7348405718803406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184408114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502022","display_name":"Generative Design","level":3,"score":0.6697935461997986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.5588932037353516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84170951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647225","display_name":"Axiomatic design","level":3,"score":0.5480294227600098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.527344822883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.4653265178203583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167729594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17736","display_name":"Axiom","level":2,"score":0.45801037549972534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52913732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857102","display_name":"Software design","level":4,"score":0.44176095724105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137003198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247296","display_name":"Process ontology","level":3,"score":0.4270004630088806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4012010991573334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.351346492767334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3001376688480377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.29781028628349304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.1861220896244049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.1510736644268036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12166142463684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137335462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380772","display_name":"Lean manufacturing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/ao-190207","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ao-190207","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S31619775","display_name":"Applied Ontology","issn_l":"1570-5838","issn":["1570-5838","1875-8533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Ontology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W852874","https://openalex.org/W136216797","https://openalex.org/W142303558","https://openalex.org/W199505901","https://openalex.org/W205095828","https://openalex.org/W606831423","https://openalex.org/W647650897","https://openalex.org/W1481601796","https://openalex.org/W1522538275","https://openalex.org/W1532252539","https://openalex.org/W1604828184","https://openalex.org/W1868883149","https://openalex.org/W1963829561","https://openalex.org/W1973208206","https://openalex.org/W1982147649","https://openalex.org/W1982462936","https://openalex.org/W1984823902","https://openalex.org/W1987365765","https://openalex.org/W1993574497","https://openalex.org/W1996039522","https://openalex.org/W2006267566","https://openalex.org/W2011006421","https://openalex.org/W2014341247","https://openalex.org/W2050086039","https://openalex.org/W2065143921","https://openalex.org/W2067145053","https://openalex.org/W2076017634","https://openalex.org/W2089771732","https://openalex.org/W2108924389","https://openalex.org/W2128460607","https://openalex.org/W2129312184","https://openalex.org/W2130184375","https://openalex.org/W2146488624","https://openalex.org/W2178642083","https://openalex.org/W2408612734","https://openalex.org/W2530564561","https://openalex.org/W2561018620","https://openalex.org/W2572153510","https://openalex.org/W2620836991","https://openalex.org/W2757110170","https://openalex.org/W2786815564","https://openalex.org/W2913900359","https://openalex.org/W2914859070","https://openalex.org/W3136285069","https://openalex.org/W6600033781","https://openalex.org/W6626994961","https://openalex.org/W6628725258","https://openalex.org/W6631460888","https://openalex.org/W6631989954","https://openalex.org/W6679432375","https://openalex.org/W6714107741","https://openalex.org/W6728005621","https://openalex.org/W6732283005","https://openalex.org/W6732361938","https://openalex.org/W6744439688","https://openalex.org/W6758789241","https://openalex.org/W6759296763"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2387734943","https://openalex.org/W1981734275","https://openalex.org/W2528271379","https://openalex.org/W2973218851","https://openalex.org/W3133448566","https://openalex.org/W2186728811","https://openalex.org/W2789651766","https://openalex.org/W2607982435","https://openalex.org/W2007651058","https://openalex.org/W2806044999"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,83],"software-based":[1],"generative":[2,113],"design,":[3,39],"a":[4,14,21,127,134,172],"user":[5],"specifies":[6],"goals":[7],"expressed":[8,109],"as":[9,36],"objectives":[10],"and":[11,17,69,94,110,124,130,162,198],"constraints":[12,102],"to":[13,67,77,90,126,178],"software":[15],"application":[16,19,187],"the":[18,51,54,63,75,101,118,140,175,186,189],"returns":[20],"set":[22],"of":[23,53,57,65,103,122,144,188,195],"feasible":[24,104],"and/or":[25],"optimal":[26],"design":[27,33,43,56],"solutions.":[28],"For":[29],"problems":[30],"involving":[31],"discrete":[32],"variables,":[34],"such":[35],"in":[37,50,96,174,192],"configuration":[38,55],"searching":[40],"t":[41],"he":[42],"space":[44],"is":[45,171],"often":[46],"computationally":[47],"intractable.":[48],"Therefore,":[49],"context":[52],"mechanical":[58,97,199],"assemblies,":[59,98],"we":[60,86],"are":[61,150,159,163],"investigating":[62],"use":[64],"ontologies":[66],"model":[68],"reason":[70],"about":[71],"designs":[72],"while":[73,154],"providing":[74],"ability":[76],"more":[78],"efficiently":[79],"prune":[80],"infeasible":[81],"designs.":[82],"this":[84],"paper,":[85],"present":[87],"an":[88,180],"ontology":[89,116,137,170,191],"specify":[91],"connection,":[92],"parthood,":[93],"shapes":[95],"so":[99],"that":[100],"configurations":[105],"can":[106],"be":[107],"logically":[108],"used":[111],"during":[112],"design.":[114],"The":[115,168],"extends":[117],"Ground":[119],"Mereotopology":[120],"(MT)":[121],"Casati":[123],"Varzi":[125],"multi-dimensional":[128],"mereotopology":[129],"combines":[131],"it":[132],"with":[133,156],"qualitative":[135],"shape":[136],"based":[138],"on":[139],"Hilbert\u2019s":[141],"axiomatic":[142],"theory":[143],"geometry.":[145],"Relationships":[146],"between":[147],"equi-dimensional":[148],"individuals":[149,155],"captured":[151],"by":[152,165],"MT,":[153],"different":[157],"dimensions":[158],"mereotopologically":[160],"independent":[161],"related":[164],"incidence":[166],"relations.":[167],"proposed":[169,190],"module":[173],"larger":[176],"effort":[177],"develop":[179],"overarching":[181],"PhysicalWorld":[182],"Ontology.":[183],"We":[184],"demonstrate":[185],"specifying":[193],"properties":[194],"suspension":[196],"systems":[197],"joints.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}