{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3118321677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/aic-201575","title":"Demand-responsive rebalancing zone generation for reinforcement learning-based on-demand mobility","display_name":"Demand-responsive rebalancing zone generation for reinforcement learning-based on-demand mobility","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3118321677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/aic-201575","mag":"3118321677"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/aic-201575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/aic-201575","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176303223","display_name":"AI Communications","issn_l":"0921-7126","issn":["0921-7126","1875-8452"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031110018","display_name":"Alberto Castagna","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Castagna","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. E-mails:\u00a0acastagn@tcd.ie,\u00a0maxime.gueriau@scss.tcd.ie,\u00a0ivana.dusparic@scss.tcd.ie"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. E-mails:\u00a0acastagn@tcd.ie,\u00a0maxime.gueriau@scss.tcd.ie,\u00a0ivana.dusparic@scss.tcd.ie","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048169772","display_name":"Maxime Gu\u00e9riau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8742-6623"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maxime Gu\u00e9riau","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. E-mails:\u00a0acastagn@tcd.ie,\u00a0maxime.gueriau@scss.tcd.ie,\u00a0ivana.dusparic@scss.tcd.ie"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. E-mails:\u00a0acastagn@tcd.ie,\u00a0maxime.gueriau@scss.tcd.ie,\u00a0ivana.dusparic@scss.tcd.ie","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029626385","display_name":"Giuseppe Vizzari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7916-6438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","display_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynf4891","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Vizzari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication DISCo, University of Milano \u2013 Bicocca, Italy. E-mail:\u00a0giuseppe.vizzari@unimib.it"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, Systems and Communication DISCo, University of Milano \u2013 Bicocca, Italy. E-mail:\u00a0giuseppe.vizzari@unimib.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059738292","display_name":"Ivana Duspari\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-5400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205274468","display_name":"Trinity College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/02tyrky19","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ivana Dusparic","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. E-mails:\u00a0acastagn@tcd.ie,\u00a0maxime.gueriau@scss.tcd.ie,\u00a0ivana.dusparic@scss.tcd.ie"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. E-mails:\u00a0acastagn@tcd.ie,\u00a0maxime.gueriau@scss.tcd.ie,\u00a0ivana.dusparic@scss.tcd.ie","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031110018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205274468"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4648,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61427354,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"34","issue":"1","first_page":"73","last_page":"88"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12392","display_name":"Sharing Economy and Platforms","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10698","display_name":"Transportation Planning and Optimization","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8390494585037231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6668189167976379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.6209707260131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-demand","display_name":"On demand","score":0.4821140766143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.4794701337814331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-patterns","display_name":"Demand patterns","score":0.47341710329055786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.44785621762275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trips-architecture","display_name":"TRIPS architecture","score":0.44680774211883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/division","display_name":"Division (mathematics)","score":0.4460945427417755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.43313363194465637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-demand","display_name":"Dynamic demand","score":0.42216867208480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3556007146835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-management","display_name":"Demand management","score":0.25181061029434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.21884948015213013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.19190779328346252}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8390494585037231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6668189167976379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.6209707260131836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983523559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410657","display_name":"On demand","level":2,"score":0.4821140766143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.4794701337814331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32597650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255044","display_name":"Demand patterns","level":3,"score":0.47341710329055786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.44785621762275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157085824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2384809","display_name":"TRIPS architecture","level":2,"score":0.44680774211883545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60798267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1226939","display_name":"Division (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4460945427417755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.43313363194465637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45872418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318966","display_name":"Dynamic demand","level":3,"score":0.42216867208480835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3556007146835327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179366874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185130","display_name":"Demand management","level":2,"score":0.25181061029434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.21884948015213013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.19190779328346252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/aic-201575","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/aic-201575","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S176303223","display_name":"AI Communications","issn_l":"0921-7126","issn":["0921-7126","1875-8452"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318577","host_organization_name":"IOS Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOS Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AI Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05566135v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05566135","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922466","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"AI Communications, 2021, 34 (1), pp.73-88. ⟨10.3233/AIC-201575⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:boa.unimib.it:10281/308138","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10281/308138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401259","display_name":"BOA (University of Milano-Bicocca)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66752286","host_organization_name":"University of Milano-Bicocca","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66752286"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W64935452","https://openalex.org/W1515851193","https://openalex.org/W1985690171","https://openalex.org/W2030391296","https://openalex.org/W2032865436","https://openalex.org/W2135705692","https://openalex.org/W2515943586","https://openalex.org/W2534729276","https://openalex.org/W2565919573","https://openalex.org/W2612340487","https://openalex.org/W2770925341","https://openalex.org/W2790769276","https://openalex.org/W2792846035","https://openalex.org/W2905551475","https://openalex.org/W2907877674","https://openalex.org/W2909524299","https://openalex.org/W2950268955","https://openalex.org/W2962890638","https://openalex.org/W2968301466","https://openalex.org/W3010723966","https://openalex.org/W3083366259","https://openalex.org/W3097648019"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2348979390","https://openalex.org/W2143732059","https://openalex.org/W3124515337","https://openalex.org/W4313561775","https://openalex.org/W3017052746","https://openalex.org/W2353398671","https://openalex.org/W3031225824","https://openalex.org/W3080190685","https://openalex.org/W1497610552","https://openalex.org/W4389666036"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Enabling":[0],"Ride-sharing":[1],"(RS)":[2],"in":[3,9],"Mobility-on-demand":[4],"(MoD)":[5],"systems":[6],"allows":[7],"reduction":[8],"vehicle":[10,24,30],"fleet":[11,141],"size":[12],"while":[13],"preserving":[14],"the":[15,35,46,57,140],"level":[16],"of":[17,39,48,121],"service.":[18],"This,":[19],"however,":[20],"requires":[21],"an":[22],"efficient":[23],"to":[25,45,72,98,144],"request":[26],"assignment,":[27],"and":[28,41],"a":[29,85,113,134],"rebalancing":[31,54],"strategy,":[32],"which":[33],"counteracts":[34],"uneven":[36],"geographical":[37,62],"spread":[38],"demand":[40,74],"relocates":[42],"unoccupied":[43],"vehicles":[44,123],"areas":[47],"higher":[49],"demand.":[50,108],"Existing":[51],"research":[52],"into":[53,60],"generally":[55],"divides":[56],"coverage":[58],"area":[59],"predefined":[61],"zones.":[63,148],"Division":[64],"is":[65],"done":[66],"statically,":[67],"at":[68,101],"design-time,":[69],"impeding":[70],"adaptivity":[71],"evolving":[73],"patterns.":[75],"To":[76],"enable":[77],"more":[78,135],"accurate":[79],"dynamic":[80],"rebalancing,":[81],"this":[82],"paper":[83],"proposes":[84],"Dynamic":[86],"Demand-Responsive":[87],"Rebalancer":[88],"(D2R2)":[89],"for":[90],"RS":[91],"systems.":[92],"D2R2":[93,111],"uses":[94],"Expectation-Maximization":[95],"(EM)":[96],"technique":[97],"recalculate":[99],"zones":[100],"each":[102],"decision":[103],"step":[104],"based":[105],"on":[106],"current":[107],"We":[109],"integrate":[110],"with":[112],"Deep":[114],"Reinforcement":[115],"Learning":[116],"multi-agent":[117],"MoD":[118],"system":[119],"consisting":[120],"200":[122],"serving":[124],"10,000":[125],"trips":[126],"from":[127],"New":[128],"York":[129],"taxi":[130],"dataset.":[131],"Results":[132],"show":[133],"fair":[136],"workload":[137],"division":[138],"across":[139],"when":[142],"compared":[143],"static":[145],"pre-defined":[146],"equiprobable":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2021-01-18T00:00:00"}