{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2951115206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-672-9-1362","title":"Automatic Bridge Bidding Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Automatic Bridge Bidding Using Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2951115206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-672-9-1362","mag":"2951115206"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3233/978-1-61499-672-9-1362","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-672-9-1362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045708570","display_name":"Chih\u2010Kuan Yeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yeh Chih-Kuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100616524","display_name":"Hsuan-Tien Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2968-0671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin Hsuan-Tien","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045708570"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1088,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95641705,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14011","display_name":"Elevator Systems and Control","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14011","display_name":"Elevator Systems and Control","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12206","display_name":"Vibration and Dynamic Analysis","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12252","display_name":"Mechanical stress and fatigue analysis","score":0.967199981212616,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bidding","display_name":"Bidding","score":0.8844724893569946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","score":0.7923865914344788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7745023965835571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.554210364818573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5381172299385071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4251721203327179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26610299944877625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.20152932405471802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.11846423149108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.08730769157409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.03812497854232788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.03722295165061951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9233905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3276328","display_name":"Bidding","level":2,"score":0.8844724893569946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.7923865914344788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7745023965835571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.554210364818573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5381172299385071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4251721203327179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26610299944877625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.20152932405471802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.11846423149108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08730769157409668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.03812497854232788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.03722295165061951}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3233/978-1-61499-672-9-1362","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-672-9-1362","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210201731","display_name":"Frontiers in artificial intelligence and applications","issn_l":"0922-6389","issn":["0922-6389","1879-8314"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications","raw_type":"book-chapter"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W45527061","https://openalex.org/W123935878","https://openalex.org/W1487320471","https://openalex.org/W1579979603","https://openalex.org/W1757796397","https://openalex.org/W1968049117","https://openalex.org/W2091849464","https://openalex.org/W2096594536","https://openalex.org/W2168405694","https://openalex.org/W2257979135","https://openalex.org/W2280163991","https://openalex.org/W2537003064","https://openalex.org/W2576014002","https://openalex.org/W2739393805"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2355561715","https://openalex.org/W2355326491","https://openalex.org/W2389286292","https://openalex.org/W2360751371","https://openalex.org/W2387920521","https://openalex.org/W2389754756","https://openalex.org/W2382224273","https://openalex.org/W2373538886","https://openalex.org/W2360290312","https://openalex.org/W2369836678"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bridge":[0],"is":[1,73],"among":[2],"the":[3,22,65,116,125],"zero-sum":[4],"games":[5],"for":[6,39],"which":[7,27,82],"artificial":[8,36],"intelligence":[9,37],"has":[10],"not":[11],"yet":[12],"outperformed":[13],"expert":[14],"human":[15,68],"players.":[16],"The":[17,71,96],"main":[18],"difficulty":[19],"lies":[20],"in":[21],"bidding":[23,41,50,62,133,150],"phase":[24],"of":[25,67,119],"bridge,":[26],"requires":[28],"cooperative":[29],"decision":[30],"making":[31],"under":[32],"partial":[33],"information.":[34],"Existing":[35],"systems":[38,51],"bridge":[40,61,144],"rely":[42],"on":[43,75,92],"and":[44,86,102,111],"are":[45],"thus":[46],"restricted":[47],"by":[48],"human-designed":[49,149],"or":[52],"features.":[53],"In":[54,123],"this":[55],"work,":[56],"we":[57],"propose":[58],"a":[59,76,107,141,148],"pioneering":[60],"system":[63,72],"without":[64],"aid":[66],"domain":[69],"knowledge.":[70],"based":[74,91],"novel":[77],"deep":[78],"reinforcement":[79],"learning":[80],"model,":[81],"extracts":[83],"sophisticated":[84],"features":[85],"learns":[87],"to":[88,105,134],"bid":[89],"automatically":[90],"raw":[93],"card":[94],"data.":[95],"model":[97,126],"includes":[98],"an":[99],"upper-confidence-bound":[100],"algorithm":[101],"additional":[103],"techniques":[104],"achieve":[106],"balance":[108],"between":[109],"exploration":[110],"exploitation.":[112],"Our":[113],"experiments":[114],"validate":[115],"promising":[117],"performance":[118,137],"our":[120],"proposed":[121],"model.":[122],"particular,":[124],"advances":[127],"from":[128],"having":[129],"no":[130],"knowledge":[131],"about":[132],"achieving":[135],"superior":[136],"when":[138],"compared":[139],"with":[140],"champion-winning":[142],"computer":[143],"program":[145],"that":[146],"implements":[147],"system.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}