{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285214268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31577/cai_2022_1_135","title":"Smart Water Management Using Intelligent Digital Twins","display_name":"Smart Water Management Using Intelligent Digital Twins","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285214268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31577/cai_2022_1_135"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31577/cai_2022_1_135","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31577/cai_2022_1_135","pdf_url":"https://www.cai.sk/ojs/index.php/cai/article/download/2022_1_135/1140","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200093","display_name":"Computing and Informatics","issn_l":"1335-9150","issn":["1335-9150","2585-8807"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing and Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.cai.sk/ojs/index.php/cai/article/download/2022_1_135/1140","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059756775","display_name":"Slim Zekri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47818738","display_name":"Sultan Qaboos University","ror":"https://ror.org/04wq8zb47","country_code":"OM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47818738"]}],"countries":["OM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Slim Zekri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 50, P.C. 123 Al-khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 50, P.C. 123 Al-khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47818738"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105508506","display_name":"Nafa\u00e2 Jabeur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8238-6813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39706905","display_name":"German University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/055hq4920","country_code":"OM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39706905"]}],"countries":["OM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nafaa Jabeur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, German University of Technology in Oman, P.O. Box 1816, P.C. 130, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, German University of Technology in Oman, P.O. Box 1816, P.C. 130, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39706905"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073661610","display_name":"Hana Gharrad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3914-4290"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39706905","display_name":"German University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/055hq4920","country_code":"OM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39706905"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","display_name":"Hasselt University","ror":"https://ror.org/04nbhqj75","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}],"countries":["BE","OM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hana Gharrad","raw_affiliation_strings":["German University of Technology in Oman, P.O. Box 1816, P.C. 130, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman & Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German University of Technology in Oman, P.O. Box 1816, P.C. 130, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman & Transportation Research Institute (IMOB), Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39706905","https://openalex.org/I878454856"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9991,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91123422,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"1","first_page":"135","last_page":"153"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12697","display_name":"Water Quality Monitoring Technologies","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5902859568595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scarcity","display_name":"Scarcity","score":0.5627824664115906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.5451419353485107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.5311822891235352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asset","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","score":0.508307158946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.4936012029647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4856180250644684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-scarcity","display_name":"Water scarcity","score":0.4573097229003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4448334872722626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asset-management","display_name":"Asset management","score":0.4361698031425476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.43607038259506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-economics","display_name":"Environmental economics","score":0.4121086597442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.372622013092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-resources","display_name":"Water resources","score":0.28025996685028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.27496278285980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.18233722448349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.13970476388931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.12957105040550232}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5902859568595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109747225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815758","display_name":"Scarcity","level":2,"score":0.5627824664115906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.5451419353485107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.5311822891235352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76178495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4808784","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.508307158946991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.4936012029647827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4856180250644684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51193700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5376358","display_name":"Water scarcity","level":3,"score":0.4573097229003906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4448334872722626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776517139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q873442","display_name":"Asset management","level":2,"score":0.4361698031425476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.43607038259506226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.4121086597442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.372622013092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153823671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049799","display_name":"Water resources","level":2,"score":0.28025996685028076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.27496278285980225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.18233722448349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.13970476388931274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.12957105040550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31577/cai_2022_1_135","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31577/cai_2022_1_135","pdf_url":"https://www.cai.sk/ojs/index.php/cai/article/download/2022_1_135/1140","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200093","display_name":"Computing and Informatics","issn_l":"1335-9150","issn":["1335-9150","2585-8807"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing and Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:documentserver.uhasselt.be:1942/37804","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1942/37804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401926","display_name":"Document Server@UHasselt (UHasselt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I878454856","host_organization_name":"Hasselt University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I878454856"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31577/cai_2022_1_135","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31577/cai_2022_1_135","pdf_url":"https://www.cai.sk/ojs/index.php/cai/article/download/2022_1_135/1140","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210200093","display_name":"Computing and Informatics","issn_l":"1335-9150","issn":["1335-9150","2585-8807"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing and Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.5799999833106995,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322573","display_name":"Sultan Qaboos University","ror":"https://ror.org/04wq8zb47"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285214268.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285214268.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1655993772","https://openalex.org/W2079313191","https://openalex.org/W2081154628","https://openalex.org/W2144630849","https://openalex.org/W2482127302","https://openalex.org/W2586062141","https://openalex.org/W2624730963","https://openalex.org/W2747263214","https://openalex.org/W2761913455","https://openalex.org/W2783604009","https://openalex.org/W2791124061","https://openalex.org/W2801489180","https://openalex.org/W2890904471","https://openalex.org/W2902283504","https://openalex.org/W2912812882","https://openalex.org/W2966906878","https://openalex.org/W2979485672","https://openalex.org/W2983726051","https://openalex.org/W2989207527","https://openalex.org/W3001383966","https://openalex.org/W3003667836","https://openalex.org/W3004428864","https://openalex.org/W3014048166","https://openalex.org/W3033672787","https://openalex.org/W3067326942","https://openalex.org/W3093801573","https://openalex.org/W3094127673","https://openalex.org/W3105265079","https://openalex.org/W3129199420","https://openalex.org/W4244832778"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4248391087","https://openalex.org/W1974552052","https://openalex.org/W3190752329","https://openalex.org/W2388524737","https://openalex.org/W3212215638","https://openalex.org/W2905587153","https://openalex.org/W2559493477","https://openalex.org/W2964001726","https://openalex.org/W4321221714","https://openalex.org/W2774505206"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Providing":[0],"and":[1,44,75,95,117,133,141,148,151,169,194],"distributing":[2],"fresh":[3,48],"water":[4,105,119,192],"to":[5,15,21,59,87,97,113,172,190,198,206],"large":[6],"communities":[7],"is":[8,27,55,68,80,181,213],"a":[9,122,162,203],"major":[10],"global":[11],"concern.":[12],"In":[13,100],"addition":[14],"its":[16,22,84],"scarcity":[17],"as":[18,20,143,145],"well":[19,144],"wastage,":[23],"this":[24,61,154,160,176],"vital":[25],"resource":[26],"being":[28,110],"affected":[29],"by":[30,83],"challenging":[31],"environmental":[32],"conditions.":[33],"New":[34],"approaches":[35],"are,":[36],"therefore,":[37],"urgently":[38],"needed":[39],"for":[40,224],"an":[41],"optimized,":[42],"fair,":[43],"efficient":[45],"use":[46],"of":[47,52,104,124,138,183,216,227],"water.":[49],"The":[50],"adoption":[51],"emergent":[53],"technologies":[54],"giving":[56],"high":[57],"hopes":[58],"reach":[60],"objective.":[62],"Among":[63],"these":[64],"technologies,":[65],"digital":[66],"twin":[67],"attracting":[69],"increasing":[70],"attention":[71,79],"from":[72],"the":[73,101,136,208,225],"academic":[74],"industrial":[76],"committees.":[77],"This":[78],"particularly":[81],"motivated":[82],"expected":[85],"values":[86],"any":[88],"sector,":[89],"including":[90],"process":[91],"optimization,":[92],"cost":[93],"reduction,":[94],"time":[96],"market":[98],"shortening.":[99],"specific":[102,221],"field":[103],"management,":[106],"several":[107],"solutions":[108,128],"are":[109,129,157],"proposed,":[111],"especially":[112],"detect":[114],"leak":[115],"detection":[116],"test":[118],"assets":[120],"under":[121,220],"variety":[123],"working":[125,222],"constraints.":[126],"These":[127],"still":[130],"lacking":[131],"intelligence":[132],"autonomy":[134],"throughout":[135],"loop":[137],"data":[139,185],"acquisition":[140],"processing":[142],"asset":[146,218],"control":[147],"service":[149],"generation":[150],"delivery.":[152],"To":[153],"end,":[155],"we":[156],"proposing":[158],"in":[159,188],"paper":[161],"new":[163],"framework":[164],"based":[165],"on":[166],"multi-agent":[167,179],"systems":[168],"DT":[170],"paradigm":[171],"close":[173],"gaps":[174],"within":[175],"loop.":[177],"Our":[178],"system":[180,205],"responsible":[182,215],"running":[184],"analytics":[186],"mechanisms":[187],"order":[189],"assess":[191],"consumption":[193],"generate":[195],"relevant":[196],"feedbacks":[197],"users":[199],"using,":[200],"among":[201],"others,":[202],"rewarding":[204],"select":[207],"appropriate":[209],"pricing":[210],"policies.":[211],"It":[212],"also":[214],"simulating":[217],"operations":[219],"constraints":[223],"purpose":[226],"failure":[228],"and/or":[229],"defect":[230],"detection.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}