{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2142943184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-4338","title":"Optimizing Generative Dialog State Tracker via Cascading Gradient Descent","display_name":"Optimizing Generative Dialog State Tracker via Cascading Gradient Descent","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2142943184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-4338","mag":"2142943184"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/w14-4338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-4338","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue (SIGDIAL)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-4338","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087120983","display_name":"Byung-Jun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0684-607X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Byung-Jun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute Of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute Of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089920562","display_name":"Woosang Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6615-5801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woosang Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute Of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute Of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010624328","display_name":"Daejoong Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210131320","display_name":"LG (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ddh2c27","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210131320"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daejoong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["LG Corporation"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LG Corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210131320"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074569524","display_name":"Kee-Eung Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kee-Eung Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute Of Science and Technology"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute Of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087120983"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3828,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93312539,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"273","last_page":"281"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dialog-box","display_name":"Dialog box","score":0.8475219011306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bittorrent-tracker","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","score":0.8392192721366882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.7596510648727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7347707152366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.6498088836669922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6185293197631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.5442107915878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partially-observable-markov-decision-process","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","score":0.5402296781539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-gradient-descent","display_name":"Stochastic gradient descent","score":0.5083529353141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-descent","display_name":"Gradient descent","score":0.4920880198478699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4367043972015381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.42966634035110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40967991948127747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.2828536629676819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-model","display_name":"Markov model","score":0.27754658460617065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-chain","display_name":"Markov chain","score":0.2378334403038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.09035423398017883}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173853756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86915","display_name":"Dialog box","level":2,"score":0.8475219011306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57501372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2021268","display_name":"BitTorrent tracker","level":3,"score":0.8392192721366882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.7596510648727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7347707152366638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.6498088836669922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6185293197631836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5442107915878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17098449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176814","display_name":"Partially observable Markov decision process","level":4,"score":0.5402296781539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206688291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617819","display_name":"Stochastic gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.5083529353141785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.4920880198478699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4367043972015381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.42966634035110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40967991948127747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.2828536629676819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163836022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6771326","display_name":"Markov model","level":3,"score":0.27754658460617065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.2378334403038025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.09035423398017883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/w14-4338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-4338","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue (SIGDIAL)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.676.151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.676.151","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://anthology.aclweb.org/W/W14/W14-4338.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/w14-4338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-4338","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 15th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue (SIGDIAL)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502662603","https://openalex.org/W2115101920","https://openalex.org/W2119015791","https://openalex.org/W2250487527","https://openalex.org/W2251058040","https://openalex.org/W2251149342","https://openalex.org/W2251163406","https://openalex.org/W2400088398","https://openalex.org/W2438667436"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2098987383","https://openalex.org/W2417260800","https://openalex.org/W1596203174","https://openalex.org/W2117933979","https://openalex.org/W2283130723","https://openalex.org/W2123651102","https://openalex.org/W103938586","https://openalex.org/W4246582778","https://openalex.org/W2171219280","https://openalex.org/W2250487527"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"robust":[1],"spoken":[2],"dialog":[3,6,45,49],"management,":[4],"various":[5],"state":[7,46],"tracking":[8,47],"methods":[9],"have":[10],"been":[11],"proposed.":[12],"Although":[13,52],"discriminative":[14],"models":[15,25],"are":[16],"gaining":[17],"popularity":[18],"due":[19],"to":[20,56,62],"their":[21],"superior":[22],"performance,":[23],"generative":[24,59],"based":[26],"on":[27],"the":[28,65,79,85],"Partially":[29],"Observable":[30],"Markov":[31],"Decision":[32],"Process":[33],"model":[34,60],"still":[35],"remain":[36],"at-tractive":[37],"since":[38],"they":[39],"provide":[40],"an":[41],"integrated":[42],"framework":[43],"for":[44],"and":[48],"policy":[50],"optimization.":[51],"a":[53,58,71],"straightforward":[54],"way":[55],"fit":[57],"is":[61],"independently":[63],"train":[64,77],"com-ponent":[66],"probability":[67],"models,":[68],"we":[69],"present":[70],"gradient":[72],"descent":[73],"algorithm":[74],"that":[75,84,94],"simultane-ously":[76],"all":[78],"component":[80],"models.":[81],"We":[82],"show":[83],"resulting":[86],"tracker":[87],"performs":[88],"competitively":[89],"with":[90],"other":[91],"top-performing":[92],"trackers":[93],"participated":[95],"in":[96],"DSTC2.":[97],"1":[98]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
