{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2250976220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-1109","title":"Negation scope and spelling variation for text-mining of Danish electronic patient records","display_name":"Negation scope and spelling variation for text-mining of Danish electronic patient records","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2250976220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-1109","mag":"2250976220"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/w14-1109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-1109","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/W14-1109.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Health Text Mining and Information Analysis (Louhi)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/W14-1109.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101476926","display_name":"Cecilia Engel Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6201-6380"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cecilia Engel Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 208, DK-2820 Lyngby, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 208, DK-2820 Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017072444","display_name":"Peter Bj\u00f8dstrup Jensen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5435-9092"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177969490","display_name":"University of Southern Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/03yrrjy16","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801134892","display_name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04txyc737","country_code":"DK","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801134892"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Bj\u00f8dstrup Jensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["NNF Center for Protein Research, Department of Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark","OPEN, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NNF Center for Protein Research, Department of Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696","https://openalex.org/I2801134892"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"OPEN, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177969490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051228367","display_name":"Thomas Werge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-0766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800523110","display_name":"Sankt Hans Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04d9g9604","country_code":"DK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800523110","https://openalex.org/I2800875313","https://openalex.org/I2802567020","https://openalex.org/I4210145385"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Werge","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Research Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800523110"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011862057","display_name":"S\u00f8ren Brunak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-5866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801134892","display_name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04txyc737","country_code":"DK","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801134892"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark","ror":"https://ror.org/04qtj9h94","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u00f8ren Brunak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 208, DK-2820 Lyngby, Denmark","NNF Center for Protein Research, Department of Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 208, DK-2820 Lyngby, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NNF Center for Protein Research, Department of Disease Systems Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696","https://openalex.org/I2801134892"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101476926"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.13619171,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"64","last_page":"68"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spelling","display_name":"Spelling","score":0.8404645919799805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/danish","display_name":"Danish","score":0.7590316534042358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/negation","display_name":"Negation","score":0.7545751333236694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variation","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","score":0.6923800110816956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.665887713432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","score":0.6619400978088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5501093864440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4922598898410797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3508176803588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.2310793697834015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1337454617023468}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777801307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088390","display_name":"Spelling","level":2,"score":0.8404645919799805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164622146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9035","display_name":"Danish","level":2,"score":0.7590316534042358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2185349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190558","display_name":"Negation","level":2,"score":0.7545751333236694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.6923800110816956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.665887713432312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6619400978088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5501093864440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4922598898410797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3508176803588867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2310793697834015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1337454617023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/w14-1109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-1109","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/W14-1109.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Health Text Mining and Information Analysis (Louhi)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.681.2542","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.681.2542","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W/W14/W14-1109.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:publications/b82480f3-0d1c-477e-9f33-ca399bdf5b28","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/b82480f3-0d1c-477e-9f33-ca399bdf5b28","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400705","display_name":"Technical University of Denmark, DTU Orbit (Technical University of Denmark, DTU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I96673099","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Denmark","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96673099"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Thomas , C E , Jensen , P B , Werge , T & Brunak , S 2014 , Negation scope and spelling variation for text-mining of Danish electronic patient records . in Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Health Text Mining and Information Analysis . Association for Computational Linguistics , pp. 64-68 , The 5th International Workshop on Health Text Mining and Information Analysis , Gothenburg , Sweden , 26/04/2014 .","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/w14-1109","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/w14-1109","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/W14-1109.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Health Text Mining and Information Analysis (Louhi)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.75,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322436","display_name":"Novo Nordisk","ror":"https://ror.org/0435rc536"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325957","display_name":"Novo Nordisk Fonden","ror":"https://ror.org/04txyc737"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2250976220.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2250976220.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542760790","https://openalex.org/W1722431364","https://openalex.org/W1871067837","https://openalex.org/W2004910511","https://openalex.org/W2011833769","https://openalex.org/W2051743300","https://openalex.org/W2060341629","https://openalex.org/W2082258771","https://openalex.org/W2115915625","https://openalex.org/W2120539430","https://openalex.org/W2137200212","https://openalex.org/W2139865360","https://openalex.org/W2142786899","https://openalex.org/W6603056600","https://openalex.org/W6814340748"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2100947578","https://openalex.org/W2161008081","https://openalex.org/W1555832326","https://openalex.org/W4298186509","https://openalex.org/W2556702969","https://openalex.org/W217221262","https://openalex.org/W611030372","https://openalex.org/W1974418053","https://openalex.org/W2081317458","https://openalex.org/W2021532426"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electronic":[0],"patient":[1,59,77],"records":[2,65,101],"are":[3],"a":[4,18,38,61,70,95,120,185],"potentially":[5],"rich":[6],"data":[7],"source":[8],"for":[9,25,57],"knowledge":[10],"extraction":[11],"in":[12,60,126,163],"biomedical":[13],"research.":[14],"Here":[15],"we":[16,130],"present":[17],"method":[19],"based":[20,81],"on":[21,82],"the":[22,43,49,132,145,155,164,169],"ICD10":[23,79],"system":[24],"text-mining":[26,40],"of":[27,48,64,85,99,117,124,134,144,149,157],"Danish":[28,71],"health":[29],"records.":[30,87],"We":[31],"have":[32,178],"evaluated":[33,107],"how":[34],"adding":[35],"functionalities":[36],"to":[37,52,110,192],"baseline":[39],"tool":[41,50,89,106,146],"affected":[42],"overall":[44],"performance.":[45],"The":[46,88,105,140],"purpose":[47],"was":[51,90,108,147],"create":[53],"enriched":[54],"phenotypic":[55],"profiles":[56],"each":[58,76],"corpus":[62],"consisting":[63,98],"from":[66,102],"5,543":[67],"patients":[68],"at":[69],"psychiatric":[72],"hospital,":[73],"by":[74,92],"assigning":[75],"additional":[78],"codes":[80],"freetext":[83],"parts":[84],"these":[86],"benchmarked":[91],"manually":[93],"curating":[94],"test":[96],"set":[97],"all":[100],"50":[103],"patients.":[104],"designed":[109],"handle":[111],"spelling":[112,150],"and":[113,122,137],"ending":[114],"variations,":[115],"shuffling":[116],"tokens":[118],"within":[119],"term,":[121],"introduction":[123],"gaps":[125],"terms.":[127],"In":[128],"particular":[129],"investigated":[131],"importance":[133],"negation":[135,138],"identification":[136],"scope.":[139],"most":[141],"important":[142],"functionality":[143],"handling":[148],"variation,":[151],"which":[152],"greatly":[153],"increased":[154],"number":[156],"phenotypes":[158],"that":[159,175],"could":[160],"be":[161],"identified":[162],"records,":[165],"without":[166],"noticeably":[167],"decreasing":[168],"precision.":[170],"Further,":[171],"our":[172],"results":[173],"show":[174],"different":[176,179],"negations":[177],"optimal":[180],"scopes,":[181],"some":[182],"spanning":[183],"only":[184],"few":[186],"words,":[187],"while":[188],"others":[189],"span":[190],"up":[191],"whole":[193],"sentences.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}