{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2251088509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/s14-1004","title":"Sense and Similarity: A Study of Sense-level Similarity Measures","display_name":"Sense and Similarity: A Study of Sense-level Similarity Measures","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2251088509","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/s14-1004","mag":"2251088509"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/s14-1004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.3115/v1/s14-1004","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/s14-1004","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Third Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM 2014)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/s14-1004","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084093495","display_name":"Nicolai Erbs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technical University of Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nicolai Erbs","raw_affiliation_strings":["UKP Lab, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UKP Lab, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027450194","display_name":"Iryna Gurevych","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2187-7621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210138519","display_name":"DIPF | Leibniz Institute for Research and Information in Education","ror":"https://ror.org/0327sr118","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I4210138519"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technical University of Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iryna Gurevych","raw_affiliation_strings":["UKP Lab, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","Information Center for Education, DIPF, Frankfurt"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UKP Lab, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Center for Education, DIPF, Frankfurt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210138519"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072459546","display_name":"Torsten Zesch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9678-3825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","display_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","ror":"https://ror.org/04mz5ra38","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Torsten Zesch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Language Technology Lab, University of Duisburg-Essen"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Language Technology Lab, University of Duisburg-Essen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084093495"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8457,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82669007,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"30","last_page":"39"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sense","display_name":"Sense (electronics)","score":0.8227333426475525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.7543606758117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5438970923423767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30855900049209595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09179612994194031}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143141573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7450971","display_name":"Sense (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.8227333426475525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.7543606758117676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5438970923423767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30855900049209595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09179612994194031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/s14-1004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.3115/v1/s14-1004","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/s14-1004","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Third Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM 2014)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:duepublico2.uni-due.de:duepublico_mods_00072164","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:464-20211025-162815-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400212","display_name":"DuEPublico (University of Duisburg-Essen)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62318514","host_organization_name":"University of Duisburg-Essen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62318514"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tubiblio.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de:97988","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/S14-1004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196390","display_name":"TUbilio (Technical University of Darmstadt)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","host_organization_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Konferenzver\u00f6ffentlichung"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/s14-1004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.3115/v1/s14-1004","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/s14-1004","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Third Joint Conference on Lexical and Computational Semantics (*SEM 2014)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2251088509.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2251088509.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1788602","https://openalex.org/W1555354714","https://openalex.org/W1561908597","https://openalex.org/W1647729745","https://openalex.org/W1659833910","https://openalex.org/W1668989518","https://openalex.org/W1986879640","https://openalex.org/W2080100102","https://openalex.org/W2097766966","https://openalex.org/W2100341149","https://openalex.org/W2100935296","https://openalex.org/W2117065474","https://openalex.org/W2120779048","https://openalex.org/W2123437718","https://openalex.org/W2132631284","https://openalex.org/W2136930489","https://openalex.org/W2219047839","https://openalex.org/W2226024386","https://openalex.org/W2251639877","https://openalex.org/W2276318411","https://openalex.org/W2436001372","https://openalex.org/W4255386104"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4252352407","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4385542742","https://openalex.org/W2037111888","https://openalex.org/W3170014661","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,27],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,34],"investigate":[4],"the":[5,31],"difference":[6],"between":[7,67],"word":[8,19,45],"and":[9,13,41,55],"sense":[10,24,38,51,82],"similarity":[11,20,25,39,46,85,100],"measures":[12,61,75,86,101],"present":[14],"means":[15],"to":[16,29,65,81],"converta":[17],"state-of-the-art":[18],"measure":[21],"into":[22],"a":[23,36,91],"measure.":[26],"order":[28],"evaluate":[30],"new":[32],"measure,":[33],"create":[35],"special":[37],"dataset":[40,47],"re-rate":[42],"an":[43],"existing":[44],"using":[48],"two":[49],"different":[50,68],"inventories":[52],"from":[53],"WordNet":[54],"Wikipedia.":[56],"We":[57],"discover":[58],"that":[59],"word-level":[60,99],"were":[62],"not":[63],"able":[64],"differentiate":[66],"senses":[69],"of":[70],"one":[71],"word,":[72],"while":[73,96],"sense-level":[74],"actually":[76],"increase":[77],"correlation":[78,97],"when":[79,88],"shifting":[80],"similarities.":[83],"Sense-level":[84],"improve":[87],"evaluated":[89],"with":[90,98],"re-rated":[92],"sense-aware":[93],"gold":[94],"standard,":[95],"decreases.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}