{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2118434577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/p15-1002","title":"Addressing the Rare Word Problem in Neural Machine Translation","display_name":"Addressing the Rare Word Problem in Neural Machine Translation","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2118434577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/p15-1002","mag":"2118434577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/p15-1002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/p15-1002","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P15-1002.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P15-1002.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013286997","display_name":"Thang Luong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7202-8016"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thang Luong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stanford University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006446297","display_name":"Ilya Sutskever","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilya Sutskever","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google\u2020#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google\u2020#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088551093","display_name":"Quoc V. Le","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1087-2844"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quoc Le","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google\u2020#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google\u2020#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003562101","display_name":"Oriol Vinyals","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7848-7283"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1291425158","display_name":"Google (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00njsd438","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158","https://openalex.org/I4210128969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oriol Vinyals","raw_affiliation_strings":["Google\u2020#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Google\u2020#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1291425158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076651586","display_name":"Wojciech Zaremba","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wojciech Zaremba","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York University","Stanford"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stanford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":64.4036,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":663,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99958258,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"11","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7149602770805359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.7121753096580505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6046234965324402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ilya","display_name":"Ilya","score":0.5424791574478149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5409217476844788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5345194935798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volume","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","score":0.51067715883255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.47398486733436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-linguistics","display_name":"Computational linguistics","score":0.4393019378185272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.3716847896575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.08310657739639282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.07158035039901733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7149602770805359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.7121753096580505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6046234965324402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777089865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096462","display_name":"Ilya","level":2,"score":0.5424791574478149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5409217476844788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5345194935798645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20556612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4469374","display_name":"Volume (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.51067715883255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.47398486733436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155092808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182557","display_name":"Computational linguistics","level":2,"score":0.4393019378185272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3716847896575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.08310657739639282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.07158035039901733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/p15-1002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/p15-1002","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P15-1002.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/p15-1002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/p15-1002","pdf_url":"https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/P15-1002.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7900000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2118434577.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2118434577.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W30655990","https://openalex.org/W1591801644","https://openalex.org/W1753482797","https://openalex.org/W1810943226","https://openalex.org/W1815076433","https://openalex.org/W1905522558","https://openalex.org/W2100664567","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2124807415","https://openalex.org/W2130942839","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2153653739","https://openalex.org/W2155607551","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2169724380","https://openalex.org/W2316776689","https://openalex.org/W2437005631","https://openalex.org/W2595715041","https://openalex.org/W2950527759","https://openalex.org/W2964308564","https://openalex.org/W4241645538","https://openalex.org/W4303633609"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4231771204","https://openalex.org/W2941174291","https://openalex.org/W2002948917","https://openalex.org/W4210772119","https://openalex.org/W2046279802","https://openalex.org/W584706152","https://openalex.org/W1974511300","https://openalex.org/W2342747211","https://openalex.org/W2728761353","https://openalex.org/W2883671469"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Thang":[0],"Luong,":[1],"Ilya":[2],"Sutskever,":[3],"Quoc":[4],"Le,":[5],"Oriol":[6],"Vinyals,":[7],"Wojciech":[8],"Zaremba.":[9],"Proceedings":[10],"of":[11,16],"the":[12,17,23],"53rd":[13],"Annual":[14],"Meeting":[15],"Association":[18],"for":[19],"Computational":[20],"Linguistics":[21],"and":[22],"7th":[24],"International":[25],"Joint":[26],"Conference":[27],"on":[28],"Natural":[29],"Language":[30],"Processing":[31],"(Volume":[32],"1:":[33],"Long":[34],"Papers).":[35],"2015.":[36]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":72},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":76},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":102},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":108},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":85},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":91},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":29}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}