{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2294874432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/n15-1050","title":"Modeling Word Meaning in Context with Substitute Vectors","display_name":"Modeling Word Meaning in Context with Substitute Vectors","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2294874432","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/n15-1050","mag":"2294874432"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/n15-1050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/n15-1050","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/N15-1050.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2015 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/N15-1050.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089409089","display_name":"Oren Melamud","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13955877","display_name":"Bar-Ilan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kgsv495","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oren Melamud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bar-Ilan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bar-Ilan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033006575","display_name":"Ido Dagan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3415-3374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13955877","display_name":"Bar-Ilan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kgsv495","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ido Dagan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bar-Ilan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bar-Ilan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005409420","display_name":"Jacob Goldberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2225-1914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13955877","display_name":"Bar-Ilan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kgsv495","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob Goldberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bar-Ilan University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bar-Ilan University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089409089"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13955877"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.2372,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9815938,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.798636794090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7766036987304688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.7402654886245728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","score":0.6886761784553528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6849178075790405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6434382200241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.6376389265060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-model","display_name":"Context model","score":0.6195182800292969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5069940090179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4252914488315582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.2746003270149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.08330926299095154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.05273061990737915}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.798636794090271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7766036987304688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.7402654886245728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.6886761784553528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6849178075790405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6434382200241089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.6376389265060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183322885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007702","display_name":"Context model","level":3,"score":0.6195182800292969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5069940090179443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4252914488315582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2746003270149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08330926299095154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.05273061990737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/n15-1050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/n15-1050","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/N15-1050.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2015 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.711.7847","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.711.7847","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.eng.biu.ac.il/goldbej/files/2012/05/naacl_2015.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/n15-1050","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/n15-1050","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/N15-1050.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2015 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2294874432.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2294874432.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W189991804","https://openalex.org/W285440899","https://openalex.org/W1593045043","https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1831478036","https://openalex.org/W1880262756","https://openalex.org/W1934041838","https://openalex.org/W1967475417","https://openalex.org/W1978400666","https://openalex.org/W1979812056","https://openalex.org/W2033646521","https://openalex.org/W2091117392","https://openalex.org/W2127589659","https://openalex.org/W2128514324","https://openalex.org/W2135891920","https://openalex.org/W2141365610","https://openalex.org/W2141440284","https://openalex.org/W2164019165","https://openalex.org/W2164973920","https://openalex.org/W2250367932","https://openalex.org/W2250962194","https://openalex.org/W2250968248","https://openalex.org/W2251056711","https://openalex.org/W2251366302","https://openalex.org/W2251762914","https://openalex.org/W2252016481","https://openalex.org/W2979401726","https://openalex.org/W3154772965"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088836968","https://openalex.org/W2369480852","https://openalex.org/W2062195135","https://openalex.org/W2360473631","https://openalex.org/W2897855253","https://openalex.org/W2313927466","https://openalex.org/W2375480909","https://openalex.org/W2353314428","https://openalex.org/W2352901769","https://openalex.org/W3179723530"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Context":[0],"representations":[1,16],"are":[2],"a":[3,21,28,31,35,56,73],"key":[4],"element":[5],"in":[6,47,80,96],"distributional":[7],"models":[8],"of":[9,30,58],"word":[10,33,45,78],"meaning.":[11],"In":[12,50],"contrast":[13],"to":[14,26],"typical":[15],"based":[17,82],"on":[18,83,92],"neighboring":[19],"words,":[20],"recently":[22],"proposed":[23],"ap-proach":[24],"suggests":[25],"represent":[27],"context":[29,68,81,85],"tar-get":[32],"by":[34],"substitute":[36,59],"vector,":[37],"comprising":[38],"the":[39,43],"potential":[40],"fillers":[41],"for":[42,66,76],"target":[44],"slot":[46],"that":[48],"context.":[49],"this":[51,84],"work":[52],"we":[53,62,71],"first":[54],"propose":[55,72],"vari-ant":[57],"vectors,":[60],"which":[61],"find":[63],"partic-ularly":[64],"suitable":[65],"measuring":[67],"similar-ity.":[69],"Then,":[70],"novel":[74],"model":[75,88],"rep-resenting":[77],"meaning":[79],"representation.":[86],"Our":[87],"outper-forms":[89],"state-of-the-art":[90],"results":[91],"lexical":[93],"substi-tution":[94],"tasks":[95],"an":[97],"unsupervised":[98],"setting.":[99],"1":[100]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}