{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2171795729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/e14-1028","title":"Word Ordering with Phrase-Based Grammars","display_name":"Word Ordering with Phrase-Based Grammars","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2171795729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/e14-1028","mag":"2171795729"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/e14-1028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/e14-1028","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/E14-1028.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://aclanthology.org/E14-1028.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041559636","display_name":"Adri\u00e0 de Gispert","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Adri\u00e0 de Gispert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Cambridge"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Cambridge","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037171366","display_name":"Marcus Tomalin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6723-6075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcus Tomalin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Cambridge"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Cambridge","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070594684","display_name":"Bill Byrne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1896-4492"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bill Byrne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Cambridge"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Cambridge","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041559636"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0642,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95552594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"259","last_page":"268"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8394426703453064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.7262982130050659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6657520532608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parsing","display_name":"Parsing","score":0.5794594287872314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.5663771629333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase","display_name":"Phrase","score":0.5622093677520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rule-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","score":0.5397634506225586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/string","display_name":"String (physics)","score":0.5395718216896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syntax","display_name":"Syntax","score":0.508794367313385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5025081634521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.49360930919647217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency-grammar","display_name":"Dependency grammar","score":0.45490914583206177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.1463317573070526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.092673659324646}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8394426703453064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7262982130050659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6657520532608032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.5794594287872314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.5663771629333496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.5622093677520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53893814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378909","display_name":"Rule-based machine translation","level":2,"score":0.5397634506225586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157486923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376436","display_name":"String (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5395718216896057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.508794367313385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5025081634521484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.49360930919647217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164883195","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674834","display_name":"Dependency grammar","level":3,"score":0.45490914583206177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.1463317573070526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.092673659324646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/e14-1028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/e14-1028","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/E14-1028.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:647151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.eng.cam.ac.uk/647151/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922847","display_name":"Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/v1/e14-1028","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/v1/e14-1028","pdf_url":"https://aclanthology.org/E14-1028.pdf","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2171795729.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2171795729.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47006904","https://openalex.org/W129942754","https://openalex.org/W137851535","https://openalex.org/W1555286493","https://openalex.org/W1582482241","https://openalex.org/W1743173941","https://openalex.org/W1818782312","https://openalex.org/W1912478594","https://openalex.org/W1974821254","https://openalex.org/W1984527503","https://openalex.org/W1999383775","https://openalex.org/W2044804339","https://openalex.org/W2060127787","https://openalex.org/W2060956631","https://openalex.org/W2096407857","https://openalex.org/W2097828466","https://openalex.org/W2100238596","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2107762331","https://openalex.org/W2108239140","https://openalex.org/W2109664771","https://openalex.org/W2110568314","https://openalex.org/W2113838760","https://openalex.org/W2114550122","https://openalex.org/W2115259925","https://openalex.org/W2125417976","https://openalex.org/W2130959832","https://openalex.org/W2136657878","https://openalex.org/W2140268659","https://openalex.org/W2141182089","https://openalex.org/W2143117572","https://openalex.org/W2144900797","https://openalex.org/W2153854924","https://openalex.org/W2154124206","https://openalex.org/W2161729680","https://openalex.org/W2201007611","https://openalex.org/W2252077779","https://openalex.org/W2437005631","https://openalex.org/W2578567510","https://openalex.org/W3098945661","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064245876","https://openalex.org/W2384400852","https://openalex.org/W2049493498","https://openalex.org/W3204898214","https://openalex.org/W2963259630","https://openalex.org/W4240926580","https://openalex.org/W1551498276","https://openalex.org/W2070920720","https://openalex.org/W2398549619","https://openalex.org/W1542743110"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,36],"describe":[1,37],"an":[2],"approach":[3],"to":[4,25],"word":[5],"ordering":[6],"using":[7,66],"modelling":[8],"techniques":[9],"from":[10],"statistical":[11],"machine":[12],"translation.":[13],"The":[14],"system":[15,89],"incorporates":[16,90],"a":[17],"phrase-based":[18],"model":[19],"of":[20,29,50,54,79],"string":[21],"generation":[22,39,51],"that":[23,45],"aims":[24],"take":[26],"unordered":[27],"bags":[28],"words":[30],"and":[31,41,98],"produce":[32],"fluent,":[33],"grammatical":[34],"sentences.":[35],"the":[38,47,57],"grammars":[40],"introduce":[42],"parsing":[43],"procedures":[44],"address":[46],"computational":[48],"complexity":[49],"under":[52],"permutation":[53],"phrases.":[55],"Against":[56],"best":[58],"previous":[59],"results":[60],"reported":[61],"on":[62],"this":[63],"task,":[64],"obtained":[65],"syntax":[67],"driven":[68],"models,":[69,93,97],"we":[70,82],"report":[71],"huge":[72],"quality":[73],"improvements,":[74],"with":[75,84],"BLEU":[76],"score":[77],"gains":[78],"20+":[80],"which":[81],"confirm":[83],"human":[85],"fluency":[86],"judgements.":[87],"Our":[88],"dependency":[91],"language":[92,96],"large":[94],"n-gram":[95],"minimum":[99],"Bayes":[100],"risk":[101],"decoding.":[102],"\u00a9":[103],"2014":[104],"Association":[105],"for":[106],"Computational":[107],"Linguistics.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}