{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2144169942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1219840.1219897","title":"Log-linear models for word alignment","display_name":"Log-linear models for word alignment","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2144169942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1219840.1219897","mag":"2144169942"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1219840.1219897","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1219840.1219897","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1219897&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics  - ACL '05","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1219897&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100355692","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7300-9215"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District P. O. Box 2704, Beijing, 100080, China","Institute of Computing Technology, Haidian District, Beijing, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District P. O. Box 2704, Beijing, 100080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Haidian District, Beijing, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qun Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District P. O. Box 2704, Beijing, 100080, China","Institute of Computing Technology, Haidian District, Beijing, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District P. O. Box 2704, Beijing, 100080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Haidian District, Beijing, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100809350","display_name":"Shouxun Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090176","display_name":"Institute of Computing Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0090r4d87","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shouxun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District P. O. Box 2704, Beijing, 100080, China","Institute of Computing Technology, Haidian District, Beijing, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences No. 6 Kexueyuan South Road, Haidian District P. O. Box 2704, Beijing, 100080, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computing Technology, Haidian District, Beijing, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210090176"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":103,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"459","last_page":"466"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.8209635019302368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7720454931259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.734910786151886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/log-linear-model","display_name":"Log-linear model","score":0.7050037980079651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.6974775195121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6213914752006531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6043416857719421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5633195638656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilingual-dictionary","display_name":"Bilingual dictionary","score":0.5364362001419067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.43304163217544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.4149148166179657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-model","display_name":"Linear model","score":0.4105335474014282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1776863932609558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.14738094806671143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1102692186832428}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.8209635019302368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7720454931259155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.734910786151886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70519679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6666755","display_name":"Log-linear model","level":3,"score":0.7050037980079651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.6974775195121765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6213914752006531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6043416857719421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5633195638656616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779235283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2640207","display_name":"Bilingual dictionary","level":2,"score":0.5364362001419067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.43304163217544556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.4149148166179657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163175372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3339222","display_name":"Linear model","level":2,"score":0.4105335474014282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1776863932609558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.14738094806671143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1102692186832428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/1219840.1219897","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1219840.1219897","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1219897&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics  - ACL '05","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.330.7792","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.330.7792","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~gawron/mt_plus/readings/word/log_linear_word_alignment_liu_acl05.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1219840.1219897","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1219840.1219897","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1219897&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics  - ACL '05","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2144169942.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2144169942.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480519300","https://openalex.org/W1518357715","https://openalex.org/W1982498087","https://openalex.org/W1986406965","https://openalex.org/W1989867740","https://openalex.org/W2001792610","https://openalex.org/W2006969979","https://openalex.org/W2038698865","https://openalex.org/W2096175520","https://openalex.org/W2116316001","https://openalex.org/W2117400858","https://openalex.org/W2118686841","https://openalex.org/W2124136969","https://openalex.org/W2138753018","https://openalex.org/W2146574666","https://openalex.org/W2151525026","https://openalex.org/W2154124206","https://openalex.org/W2156985047","https://openalex.org/W2626190081"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2251642064","https://openalex.org/W4242914513","https://openalex.org/W1499586567","https://openalex.org/W2071317420","https://openalex.org/W2093458198","https://openalex.org/W1971020382","https://openalex.org/W2568690444","https://openalex.org/W2247259409","https://openalex.org/W2794544184","https://openalex.org/W2059148462"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"a":[2],"framework":[3],"for":[4],"word":[5],"alignment":[6,38,56],"based":[7],"on":[8,21],"log-linear":[9,70],"models.":[10,76],"All":[11],"knowledge":[12],"sources":[13],"are":[14],"treated":[15],"as":[16,64],"feature":[17],"functions,":[18],"which":[19],"depend":[20],"the":[22,26],"source":[23],"langauge":[24],"sentence,":[25],"target":[27],"language":[28],"sentence":[29],"and":[30,60],"possible":[31],"additional":[32],"variables.":[33],"Log-linear":[34],"models":[35,39,71],"allow":[36],"statistical":[37],"to":[40],"be":[41],"easily":[42],"extended":[43],"by":[44],"incorporating":[45],"syntactic":[46],"information.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49],"paper,":[50],"we":[51],"use":[52],"IBM":[53,74],"Model":[54],"3":[55],"probabilities,":[57],"POS":[58],"correspondence,":[59],"bilingual":[61],"dictionary":[62],"coverage":[63],"features.":[65],"Our":[66],"experiments":[67],"show":[68],"that":[69],"significantly":[72],"outperform":[73],"translation":[75]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}