{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2068526372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1119089.1119104","title":"Extracting and normalizing temporal expressions","display_name":"Extracting and normalizing temporal expressions","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2068526372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1119089.1119104","mag":"2068526372"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1119089.1119104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1119089.1119104","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1119089.1119104","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of a workshop on held at Baltimore, Maryland October 13-15, 1998 -","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1119089.1119104","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052443892","display_name":"Lois C. Childs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1287521167","display_name":"Lockheed Martin (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/026er9r08","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lois C. Childs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lockheed Martin Corporation, Philadelphia, PA","Lockheed Martin Corporation, Philadelphia, PA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lockheed Martin Corporation, Philadelphia, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lockheed Martin Corporation, Philadelphia, PA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107926471","display_name":"D. G. Cassel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1287521167","display_name":"Lockheed Martin (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/026er9r08","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Cassel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lockheed Martin Corporation, Philadelphia, PA","Lockheed Martin Corporation, Philadelphia, PA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lockheed Martin Corporation, Philadelphia, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lockheed Martin Corporation, Philadelphia, PA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1287521167"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"51","last_page":"51"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9764000177383423,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9757000207901001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7337943315505981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorting","display_name":"Sorting","score":0.5984098315238953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-expression","display_name":"Regular expression","score":0.4495960474014282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4394381642341614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3770914375782013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3543866276741028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.34301114082336426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.21849605441093445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.13155877590179443}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7337943315505981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.5984098315238953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121329065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185612","display_name":"Regular expression","level":2,"score":0.4495960474014282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4394381642341614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3770914375782013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3543866276741028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34301114082336426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.21849605441093445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.13155877590179443}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/1119089.1119104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1119089.1119104","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1119089.1119104","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of a workshop on held at Baltimore, Maryland October 13-15, 1998 -","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1119089.1119104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1119089.1119104","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1119089.1119104","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of a workshop on held at Baltimore, Maryland October 13-15, 1998 -","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2068526372.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2068526372.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2563334590","https://openalex.org/W2807616588","https://openalex.org/W3094387502","https://openalex.org/W2739612537","https://openalex.org/W2922478741","https://openalex.org/W2349174696","https://openalex.org/W2360241746","https://openalex.org/W4313041667","https://openalex.org/W2767599893","https://openalex.org/W2119827098"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"part":[1],"of":[2],"our":[3],"TIPSTER":[4],"III":[5],"research":[6],"program,":[7],"we":[8],"have":[9],"enhanced":[10],"the":[11],"NLToolset's":[12],"capability":[13],"to":[14],"extract":[15],"temporal":[16],"expressions":[17],"from":[18],"free":[19],"text":[20],"and":[21,31],"convert":[22],"them":[23],"into":[24],"canonical":[25],"form":[26],"for":[27],"accurate":[28],"comparison,":[29],"sorting,":[30],"retrieval":[32],"within":[33],"a":[34],"database":[35],"management":[36],"system.":[37]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
