{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2015059324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118958.1118971","title":"Encoding biomedical resources in TEI","display_name":"Encoding biomedical resources in TEI","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2015059324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118958.1118971","mag":"2015059324"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1118958.1118971","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118958.1118971","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118958.1118971","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACL 2003 workshop on Natural language processing in biomedicine  -","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118958.1118971","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011635545","display_name":"Toma\u017e Erjavec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1560-4099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3006985408","display_name":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05060sz93","country_code":"SI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Toma\u017e Erjavec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana","Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3006985408"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063923711","display_name":"Jin-Dong Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9660-6303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin-Dong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tokyo","university of Tokyo;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tokyo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"university of Tokyo;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007825608","display_name":"Tomoko Ohta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9418-8352"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086780","display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086780"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomoko Ohta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Japan Science and Technology Corporation","Japan Science and Technology Corporation#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Japan Science and Technology Corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Japan Science and Technology Corporation#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068056695","display_name":"Yuka Tateisi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3813-5782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210086780","display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19","country_code":"JP","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210086780"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuka Tateisi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Japan Science and Technology Corporation","Japan Science and Technology Corporation#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Japan Science and Technology Corporation","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086780"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Japan Science and Technology Corporation#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210086780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112241147","display_name":"Jun\u2019ichi Tsujii","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun-ichi Tsujii","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tokyo","university of Tokyo;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tokyo","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"university of Tokyo;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2291,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52513586,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"97","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8886739015579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.7496544718742371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6599406003952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.6596428751945496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xml","display_name":"XML","score":0.6140631437301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.5606851577758789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.48666316270828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4697093367576599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomedical-text-mining","display_name":"Biomedical text mining","score":0.4582170844078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2212686836719513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/text-mining","display_name":"Text mining","score":0.19246834516525269}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8886739015579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.7496544718742371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6599406003952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.6596428751945496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8797682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2115","display_name":"XML","level":2,"score":0.6140631437301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.5606851577758789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.48666316270828247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4697093367576599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165141518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4915126","display_name":"Biomedical text mining","level":3,"score":0.4582170844078064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2212686836719513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71472368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676880","display_name":"Text mining","level":2,"score":0.19246834516525269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/1118958.1118971","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118958.1118971","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118958.1118971","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACL 2003 workshop on Natural language processing in biomedicine  -","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1118958.1118971","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118958.1118971","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118958.1118971","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACL 2003 workshop on Natural language processing in biomedicine  -","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2015059324.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2015059324.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482328859","https://openalex.org/W1485490758","https://openalex.org/W2116141134","https://openalex.org/W2786522811"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361861616","https://openalex.org/W2263699433","https://openalex.org/W2377979023","https://openalex.org/W2218034408","https://openalex.org/W2392921965","https://openalex.org/W2358755282","https://openalex.org/W2625833328","https://openalex.org/W1533177136","https://openalex.org/W2251247982","https://openalex.org/W1967642739"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,34,67],"well":[2],"known":[3],"that":[4,29],"standardising":[5],"the":[6,21,27,70,87,90,93,103,117,134,157],"annotation":[7],"of":[8,23,92,139,141,151,161],"language":[9,83,143],"resources":[10],"significantly":[11],"raises":[12],"their":[13,49],"potential,":[14],"as":[15,147],"it":[16],"enables":[17],"re-use":[18],"and":[19,63,78,106,124,126,131,153,156,159],"spurs":[20],"development":[22],"common":[24],"technologies.":[25],"Despite":[26],"fact":[28],"increasingly":[30],"complex":[31,148,154],"linguistic":[32],"information":[33],"being":[35],"added":[36],"to":[37],"biomedical":[38,61,142],"texts,":[39],"no":[40],"standard":[41,80],"solutions":[42],"have":[43],"so":[44],"far":[45],"been":[46],"proposed":[47],"for":[48,59,81,113,133],"encoding.":[50],"This":[51],"paper":[52,121],"describes":[53],"a":[54,76,128],"standardised":[55],"XML":[56],"tagset":[57],"(DTD)":[58],"annotated":[60],"corpora":[62],"other":[64],"resources,":[65],"which":[66,96],"based":[68],"on":[69],"Text":[71],"Encoding":[72],"Initiative":[73],"Guidelines":[74],"P4,":[75],"general":[77],"parameterisable":[79],"encoding":[82,91,160],"resources.":[84],"We":[85],"ground":[86],"discussion":[88],"in":[89],"GENIA":[94,123,135],"corpus,":[95],"currently":[97],"contains":[98],"2,000":[99],"abstracts":[100],"taken":[101],"from":[102,116],"MEDLINE":[104],"database,":[105],"has":[107],"almost":[108],"100,000":[109],"hand-annotated":[110],"terms":[111],"marked":[112],"semantic":[114],"class":[115],"accompanying":[118],"ontology.":[119],"The":[120],"introduces":[122],"TEI":[125,129],"implements":[127],"parametrisation":[130],"conversion":[132],"corpus.":[136],"A":[137],"number":[138],"aspects":[140],"are":[144],"discussed,":[145],"such":[146],"tokenisation,":[149],"prevalence":[150],"contractions":[152],"terms,":[155],"linkage":[158],"ontologies.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}