{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2161792612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118693.1118711","title":"A phrase-based, joint probability model for statistical machine translation","display_name":"A phrase-based, joint probability model for statistical machine translation","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2161792612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118693.1118711","mag":"2161792612"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1118693.1118711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118693.1118711","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118693.1118711","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACL-02 conference on Empirical methods in natural language processing - EMNLP '02","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118693.1118711","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005020376","display_name":"Daniel Marcu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1174212","display_name":"University of Southern California","ror":"https://ror.org/03taz7m60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1174212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801204180","display_name":"Marina Del Rey Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05wqyfz02","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801204180"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Marcu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1174212","https://openalex.org/I2801204180"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033649476","display_name":"William Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2424-1311"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Language Weaver Inc., Santa Monica, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Language Weaver Inc., Santa Monica, CA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":23.0208,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":478,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99737789,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"133","last_page":"139"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phrase","display_name":"Phrase","score":0.8548073768615723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-translation","display_name":"Machine translation","score":0.826720118522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8039219975471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.7205973863601685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.7051751017570496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6777958869934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/translation","display_name":"Translation (biology)","score":0.6470959186553955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5881339311599731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ibm","display_name":"IBM","score":0.5347633957862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-model","display_name":"Statistical model","score":0.5238670706748962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/example-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","score":0.5127466917037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-probability-distribution","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","score":0.5005924701690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronous-context-free-grammar","display_name":"Synchronous context-free grammar","score":0.48197025060653687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-based-machine-translation","display_name":"Transfer-based machine translation","score":0.45584458112716675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10529336333274841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09206295013427734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.06144329905509949}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776224158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187931","display_name":"Phrase","level":2,"score":0.8548073768615723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203005215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79798","display_name":"Machine translation","level":2,"score":0.826720118522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8039219975471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.7205973863601685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.7051751017570496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6777958869934082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149364088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185917","display_name":"Translation (biology)","level":4,"score":0.6470959186553955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5881339311599731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70388272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5968558","display_name":"IBM","level":2,"score":0.5347633957862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.5238670706748962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24687705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3753284","display_name":"Example-based machine translation","level":3,"score":0.5127466917037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18653775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333358","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.5005924701690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51802942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662211","display_name":"Synchronous context-free grammar","level":4,"score":0.48197025060653687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130597682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6961922","display_name":"Transfer-based machine translation","level":4,"score":0.45584458112716675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10529336333274841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09206295013427734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.06144329905509949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105580179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188928","display_name":"Messenger RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/1118693.1118711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118693.1118711","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118693.1118711","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACL-02 conference on Empirical methods in natural language processing - EMNLP '02","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.19.4471","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.19.4471","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.isi.edu/~marcu/papers/jointmt2002.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.3.1300","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.3.1300","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://acl.ldc.upenn.edu/W/W02/W02-1018.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1118693.1118711","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118693.1118711","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118693.1118711","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACL-02 conference on Empirical methods in natural language processing - EMNLP '02","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7300000190734863,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7456301402","display_name":"STTR Phase I:  NUMBERS: Bringing Statistical Machine Translation into the Real World","funder_award_id":"0128379","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2161792612.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2161792612.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W133045130","https://openalex.org/W1486824682","https://openalex.org/W1517947178","https://openalex.org/W1549285799","https://openalex.org/W1938373394","https://openalex.org/W2001810881","https://openalex.org/W2006969979","https://openalex.org/W2032772856","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2068761270","https://openalex.org/W2116316001","https://openalex.org/W2118917570","https://openalex.org/W2129765547","https://openalex.org/W2139403546","https://openalex.org/W2145334925","https://openalex.org/W3104029765","https://openalex.org/W4245498472","https://openalex.org/W4253090545"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2566847733","https://openalex.org/W2010336863","https://openalex.org/W3036784334","https://openalex.org/W4312364893","https://openalex.org/W1559710535","https://openalex.org/W3204448004","https://openalex.org/W193726211","https://openalex.org/W4321010057","https://openalex.org/W2166769824","https://openalex.org/W2962780935"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"present":[1],"a":[2],"joint":[3,27],"probability":[4],"model":[5,28],"for":[6],"statistical":[7],"machine":[8],"translation,":[9],"which":[10],"automatically":[11],"learns":[12],"word":[13],"and":[14],"phrase":[15],"equivalents":[16],"from":[17],"bilingual":[18],"corpora.":[19],"Translations":[20],"produced":[21,34],"with":[22],"parameters":[23],"estimated":[24],"using":[25,35],"the":[26],"are":[29],"more":[30],"accurate":[31],"than":[32],"translations":[33],"IBM":[36],"Model":[37],"4.":[38]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":32}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}