{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162461580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118149.1118150","title":"Tuning support vector machines for biomedical named entity recognition","display_name":"Tuning support vector machines for biomedical named entity recognition","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162461580","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118149.1118150","mag":"2162461580"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1118149.1118150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118149.1118150","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118149.1118150","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACL-02 workshop on Natural language processing in the biomedical domain  -","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118149.1118150","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073653623","display_name":"Jun\u2019ichi Kazama","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jun'ichi Kazama","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108496023","display_name":"Takaki Makino","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takaki Makino","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085545545","display_name":"Yoshihiro Ohta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7416-0507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65143321","display_name":"Hitachi (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02exqgm79","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshihiro Ohta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hitachi, Ltd., Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hitachi, Ltd., Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65143321"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112241147","display_name":"Jun\u2019ichi Tsujii","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun'ichi Tsujii","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073653623"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":28.1258,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":251,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99712203,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8895238637924194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7600952982902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7251286506652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principle-of-maximum-entropy","display_name":"Principle of maximum entropy","score":0.5568545460700989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.5362455248832703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5068119168281555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","score":0.4787827730178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.47467041015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.46196573972702026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.43830406665802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3751901388168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3324257731437683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8895238637924194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7600952982902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7251286506652832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9679016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417473","display_name":"Principle of maximum entropy","level":2,"score":0.5568545460700989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5362455248832703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5068119168281555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779135771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q403574","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","level":3,"score":0.4787827730178833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47467041015625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.46196573972702026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.43830406665802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3751901388168335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3324257731437683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/1118149.1118150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118149.1118150","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118149.1118150","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACL-02 workshop on Natural language processing in the biomedical domain  -","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.10.499","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.10.499","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://acl.ldc.upenn.edu/W/W02/W02-0301.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.18.4898","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.18.4898","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.snowelm.com/~t/research/pub/./kazama_aclbio02.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1118149.1118150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1118149.1118150","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1118149.1118150","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACL-02 workshop on Natural language processing in the biomedical domain  -","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7300000190734863,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337372","display_name":"U.S. National Library of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0060t0j89"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2162461580.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2162461580.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W47692894","https://openalex.org/W174553219","https://openalex.org/W793766733","https://openalex.org/W1482328859","https://openalex.org/W1504300187","https://openalex.org/W1505057322","https://openalex.org/W1512098439","https://openalex.org/W1574862351","https://openalex.org/W1618905105","https://openalex.org/W1623072288","https://openalex.org/W1773803948","https://openalex.org/W1988995507","https://openalex.org/W1999117234","https://openalex.org/W2040909025","https://openalex.org/W2075460950","https://openalex.org/W2096146054","https://openalex.org/W2096175520","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2130260860","https://openalex.org/W2142574443","https://openalex.org/W2153104898","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2172000360","https://openalex.org/W2951562155","https://openalex.org/W3041351009","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4247578258","https://openalex.org/W4312326823"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053269318","https://openalex.org/W2364370872","https://openalex.org/W2097963413","https://openalex.org/W2294335174","https://openalex.org/W2025614924","https://openalex.org/W3145575561","https://openalex.org/W2001275470","https://openalex.org/W2073996508","https://openalex.org/W2171752604","https://openalex.org/W2395042136"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,97],"explore":[1,45],"the":[2,16,20,25,34,53,64,76,79,85,95],"use":[3],"of":[4,55],"Support":[5],"Vector":[6],"Machines":[7],"(SVMs)":[8],"for":[9],"biomedical":[10],"named":[11],"entity":[12],"recognition.":[13],"To":[14],"make":[15],"SVM":[17],"training":[18,77],"with":[19,78,103],"available":[21],"largest":[22],"corpus":[23,27,66,81],"-":[24,28],"GENIA":[26,65,80],"tractable,":[29],"we":[30,44],"propose":[31],"to":[32,93],"split":[33],"non-entity":[35],"class":[36,70],"into":[37],"sub-classes,":[38],"using":[39,106],"part-of-speech":[40],"information.":[41],"In":[42],"addition,":[43],"new":[46,89],"features":[47,90],"such":[48],"as":[49],"word":[50],"cache":[51],"and":[52],"states":[54],"an":[56],"HMM":[57],"trained":[58],"by":[59],"unsupervised":[60],"learning.":[61],"Experiments":[62],"on":[63],"show":[67],"that":[68],"our":[69,99],"splitting":[71],"technique":[72],"not":[73],"only":[74],"enables":[75],"but":[82],"also":[83,91],"improves":[84],"accuracy.":[86,96],"The":[87],"proposed":[88],"contribute":[92],"improve":[94],"compare":[98],"SVM-based":[100],"recognition":[101],"system":[102,105],"a":[104],"Maximum":[107],"Entropy":[108],"tagging":[109],"method.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
