{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2071666453","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1117736.1117738","title":"ADAM","display_name":"ADAM","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2071666453","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1117736.1117738","mag":"2071666453"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1117736.1117738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1117736.1117738","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st SIGdial workshop on Discourse and dialogue  -","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006914318","display_name":"Claudia Soria","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6548-9711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124522","display_name":"Institute for Computational Linguistics \u201cA. Zampolli\u201d","ror":"https://ror.org/028g3pe33","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124522","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudia Soria","raw_affiliation_strings":["ILC - CNR, Pisa, Italy","ILC - CNR, Pisa, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ILC - CNR, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124522"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ILC - CNR, Pisa, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046766323","display_name":"Roldano Cattoni","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roldano Cattoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["ITC-irst, Trento, Italy","ITC-irst, Trento, Italy#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ITC-irst, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ITC-irst, Trento, Italy#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082314268","display_name":"Morena Danieli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7888-5935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298633626","display_name":"Telecom Italia Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/01rt74q71","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298633626","https://openalex.org/I137543953"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Morena Danieli","raw_affiliation_strings":["CSELT, Torino, Italy","CSELT, Torino, , Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSELT, Torino, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298633626"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CSELT, Torino, , Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298633626"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.531,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77222209,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":null,"first_page":"9","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.9336580038070679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reusability","display_name":"Reusability","score":0.7971323728561401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7909715175628662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modularity","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","score":0.7536391615867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5422857403755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4999682903289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48558610677719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.35617831349372864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.26674342155456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.08339625597000122}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.9336580038070679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137981799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369184","display_name":"Reusability","level":3,"score":0.7971323728561401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7909715175628662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779478453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889748","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7536391615867615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5422857403755188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4999682903289795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48558610677719116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.35617831349372864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.26674342155456543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.08339625597000122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/1117736.1117738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1117736.1117738","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 1st SIGdial workshop on Discourse and dialogue  -","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W300032410","https://openalex.org/W1512292014","https://openalex.org/W1591148425","https://openalex.org/W1662519165","https://openalex.org/W2100398002","https://openalex.org/W2180191892","https://openalex.org/W2295209691","https://openalex.org/W2952844544"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4282938614","https://openalex.org/W2906929912","https://openalex.org/W2350686889","https://openalex.org/W1965839502","https://openalex.org/W2099755394","https://openalex.org/W2621742671","https://openalex.org/W2114764029","https://openalex.org/W4245251736","https://openalex.org/W4242697240","https://openalex.org/W2970353240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"annotation":[3,8,60,68],"modularity":[4],"and":[5,24],"use":[6],"of":[7,34,42,49,58],"meta-schemes":[9],"are":[10,28],"identified":[11],"as":[12,55,61,63,65],"basic":[13],"requirements":[14],"for":[15],"achieving":[16],"actual":[17],"corpora":[18],"reusability.":[19],"We":[20],"discuss":[21],"these":[22],"concepts":[23],"the":[25,31,35],"way":[26],"they":[27],"implemented":[29],"in":[30],"architectural":[32],"framework":[33],"ADAM":[36,50],"corpus,":[37],"which":[38],"is":[39,52],"a":[40],"corpus":[41],"450":[43],"Italian":[44],"spontaneous":[45],"dialogues.":[46],"The":[47],"design":[48],"architecture":[51],"compatible":[53],"with":[54],"many":[56],"practices":[57],"dialogue":[59],"possible,":[62],"well":[64],"approaches":[66],"to":[67],"at":[69],"different":[70],"levels.":[71]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}