{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2101697094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1073012.1073049","title":"The role of lexico-semantic feedback in open-domain textual question-answering","display_name":"The role of lexico-semantic feedback in open-domain textual question-answering","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2101697094","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1073012.1073049","mag":"2101697094"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1073012.1073049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1073012.1073049","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1073012.1073049","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics  - ACL '01","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1073012.1073049","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014682058","display_name":"Sanda M. Harabagiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8186-1501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanda Harabagiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","Southern Methodist University **"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University **","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043094101","display_name":"Dan Moldovan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2553-2081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Moldovan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103731322","display_name":"Marius Pa\u015fca","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marius Pa\u015fca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082450455","display_name":"Rada Mihalcea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0767-6703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rada Mihalcea","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047699502","display_name":"Mihai Surdeanu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6956-8030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mihai Surdeanu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020435927","display_name":"R\u0103zvan Bunescu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2919-3566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R\u01cezvan Bunescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005530678","display_name":"Roxana G\u00eerju","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roxana G\u00eerju","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045839835","display_name":"Vasile Rus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3706-887X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasile Rus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008028844","display_name":"Paul Mor\u01cerescu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178169726","display_name":"Southern Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/042tdr378","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Mor\u01cerescu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Southern Methodist University , Dallas , TX","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178169726"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"282","last_page":"289"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8293765187263489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexico","display_name":"Lexico","score":0.8215563893318176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-domain","display_name":"Open domain","score":0.7842404842376709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.6940528154373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6711612343788147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5773154497146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5238416194915771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feedback-loop","display_name":"Feedback loop","score":0.44810596108436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.4059785306453705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2462567687034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lexicon","display_name":"Lexicon","score":0.07097682356834412}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8293765187263489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777776507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4807054","display_name":"Lexico","level":3,"score":0.8215563893318176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993776861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Open domain","level":3,"score":0.7842404842376709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.6940528154373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6711612343788147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5773154497146606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5238416194915771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186886427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441213","display_name":"Feedback loop","level":2,"score":0.44810596108436584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4059785306453705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2462567687034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778121359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8096","display_name":"Lexicon","level":2,"score":0.07097682356834412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/1073012.1073049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1073012.1073049","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1073012.1073049","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics  - ACL '01","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc81390","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc81390/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Thirty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), 2001, Toulouse, France","raw_type":"Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.18.7329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.18.7329","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.utdallas.edu/~rada/papers/acl.2001.ps","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1073012.1073049","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1073012.1073049","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1073012.1073049","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 39th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics  - ACL '01","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2101697094.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2101697094.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W87933952","https://openalex.org/W186228662","https://openalex.org/W1572945832","https://openalex.org/W1984061923","https://openalex.org/W2011442902","https://openalex.org/W2028175314","https://openalex.org/W2043104383","https://openalex.org/W2069912724","https://openalex.org/W2081402703","https://openalex.org/W2081580037","https://openalex.org/W2110827010","https://openalex.org/W2110882317","https://openalex.org/W2115748294","https://openalex.org/W2153439141","https://openalex.org/W2296730655","https://openalex.org/W6660711307"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2391533720","https://openalex.org/W2951097643","https://openalex.org/W4309395021","https://openalex.org/W3091989500","https://openalex.org/W3215363805","https://openalex.org/W204133468","https://openalex.org/W2991310128","https://openalex.org/W4307481286","https://openalex.org/W2395174199","https://openalex.org/W4226441484"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,40],"presents":[2,41],"an":[3],"open-domain":[4],"textual":[5],"Question-Answering":[6],"system":[7],"that":[8],"uses":[9],"several":[10],"feedback":[11,18,46],"loops":[12,19],"to":[13,48],"enhance":[14],"its":[15],"performance.":[16],"These":[17],"combine":[20],"in":[21],"a":[22],"new":[23],"way":[24],"statistical":[25],"results":[26],"with":[27],"syntactic,":[28],"semantic":[29],"or":[30],"pragmatic":[31],"information":[32],"derived":[33],"from":[34],"texts":[35],"and":[36],"lexical":[37],"databases.":[38],"The":[39],"the":[42,49],"contribution":[43],"of":[44,52],"each":[45],"loop":[47],"overall":[50],"performance":[51],"76%":[53],"human-assessed":[54],"precise":[55],"answers.":[56]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}