{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1965693266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1072399.1072405","title":"A model-theoretic coreference scoring scheme","display_name":"A model-theoretic coreference scoring scheme","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1965693266","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1072399.1072405","mag":"1965693266"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1072399.1072405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1072399.1072405","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1072405&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th conference on Message understanding  - MUC6 '95","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1072405&type=pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039994909","display_name":"Marc Vilain","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc Vilain","raw_affiliation_strings":["The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA","The MITRE Corp., Bedford, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corp., Bedford, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075669751","display_name":"John D. Burger","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Burger","raw_affiliation_strings":["The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA","The MITRE Corp., Bedford, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corp., Bedford, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015172675","display_name":"John Aberdeen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0112-1037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Aberdeen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA","The MITRE Corp., Bedford, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corp., Bedford, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087362365","display_name":"Dennis Connolly","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis Connolly","raw_affiliation_strings":["The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA","The MITRE Corp., Bedford, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corp., Bedford, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068115280","display_name":"Lynette Hirschman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8442-0720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44896327","display_name":"Mitre (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks2a131","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynette Hirschman","raw_affiliation_strings":["The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA","The MITRE Corp., Bedford, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corporation, Bedford, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The MITRE Corp., Bedford, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44896327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.7885,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":682,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98488956,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"45","last_page":"45"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9455999732017517,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coreference","display_name":"Coreference","score":0.9751240015029907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7567477226257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.6640269160270691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transitive-closure","display_name":"Transitive closure","score":0.6498030424118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5681678056716919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.568057119846344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.550308346748352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transitive-relation","display_name":"Transitive relation","score":0.5341702103614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.5073174834251404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closure","display_name":"Closure (psychology)","score":0.47260552644729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.47159063816070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","score":0.4298722445964813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolution","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","score":0.35888850688934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.337238073348999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.27827656269073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16954290866851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.08291131258010864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.06635880470275879}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28076734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63087","display_name":"Coreference","level":3,"score":0.9751240015029907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7567477226257324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6640269160270691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128896722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501387","display_name":"Transitive closure","level":2,"score":0.6498030424118042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5681678056716919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.568057119846344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.550308346748352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191399111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64861","display_name":"Transitive relation","level":2,"score":0.5341702103614807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.5073174834251404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146834321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2979672","display_name":"Closure (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47260552644729614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.47159063816070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.4298722445964813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.35888850688934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.337238073348999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.27827656269073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16954290866851807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.08291131258010864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.06635880470275879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/1072399.1072405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1072399.1072405","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1072405&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th conference on Message understanding  - MUC6 '95","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1072399.1072405","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1072399.1072405","pdf_url":"http://dl.acm.org/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1072405&type=pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 6th conference on Message understanding  - MUC6 '95","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1965693266.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1965693266.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553139688","https://openalex.org/W2371151875","https://openalex.org/W2136009070","https://openalex.org/W2362009423","https://openalex.org/W2391133415","https://openalex.org/W2012063573","https://openalex.org/W2123627450","https://openalex.org/W4230967508","https://openalex.org/W203725150","https://openalex.org/W1499233953"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"note":[1],"describes":[2],"a":[3,27,59],"scoring":[4,22,61],"scheme":[5,23],"for":[6],"the":[7,15,21,44,73],"coreference":[8,66],"task":[9],"in":[10,24],"MUC6.":[11],"It":[12],"improves":[13],"on":[14,64],"original":[16],"approach":[17,70],"by:":[18],"(1)":[19],"grounding":[20],"terms":[25],"of":[26,43,47,76],"model;":[28],"(2)":[29],"producing":[30],"more":[31],"intuitive":[32],"recall":[33],"and":[34,37],"precision":[35],"scores;":[36],"(3)":[38],"not":[39],"requiring":[40],"explicit":[41],"computation":[42],"transitive":[45],"closure":[46],"coreference.":[48],"The":[49],"principal":[50],"conceptual":[51],"difference":[52],"is":[53],"that":[54],"we":[55],"have":[56],"moved":[57],"from":[58],"syntactic":[60],"model":[62,74],"based":[63],"following":[65],"links":[67],"to":[68],"an":[69],"defined":[71],"by":[72],"theory":[75],"those":[77],"links.":[78]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":40}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}