{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1967153719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1072064.1072104","title":"University of Maryland/ConQuest","display_name":"University of Maryland/ConQuest","publication_year":1992,"publication_date":"1992-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1967153719","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1072064.1072104","mag":"1967153719"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1072064.1072104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1072064.1072104","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1072064.1072104","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 4th conference on Message understanding  - MUC4 '92","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1072064.1072104","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036270568","display_name":"James Mayfield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3866-3013"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79272384","display_name":"University of Maryland, Baltimore County","ror":"https://ror.org/02qskvh78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"James Mayfield","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD","Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036270568"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79272384"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09329419,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"276","last_page":"276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.7390999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.7390999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.6699000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14236","display_name":"Educational Tools and Methods","score":0.609000027179718,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conquest","display_name":"CONQUEST","score":0.951693058013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.8388229608535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.57441645860672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.449128121137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.3177580237388611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2565365135669708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.1295529305934906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancient-history","display_name":"Ancient history","score":0.1175888180732727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780175911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5013404","display_name":"CONQUEST","level":2,"score":0.951693058013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.8388229608535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.57441645860672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.449128121137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3177580237388611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2565365135669708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.1295529305934906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.1175888180732727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/1072064.1072104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1072064.1072104","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1072064.1072104","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 4th conference on Message understanding  - MUC4 '92","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1072064.1072104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1072064.1072104","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1072064.1072104","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 4th conference on Message understanding  - MUC4 '92","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1967153719.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1967153719.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541463859","https://openalex.org/W2000631748"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4383458570","https://openalex.org/W2257388830","https://openalex.org/W2495299092","https://openalex.org/W2588893408","https://openalex.org/W2498445086","https://openalex.org/W2321740441","https://openalex.org/W2512097146"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21,41],"ICTOAN":[1],"system":[2,8,22,50,67],"is":[3],"a":[4],"natural":[5],"language":[6],"processing":[7],"developed":[9],"jointly":[10],"by":[11],"ConQuest,":[12],"Inc.":[13],"and":[14],"the":[15,28,63],"University":[16],"of":[17,32,39,54,59,70],"Maryland":[18],"Baltimore":[19],"County.":[20],"was":[23],"written":[24],"from":[25,47],"scratch":[26],"during":[27],"first":[29],"five":[30],"months":[31],"1992":[33],"using":[34],"an":[35],"estimated":[36],"eight":[37],"person-months":[38],"labor.":[40],"template":[42],"generation":[43],"routines":[44],"were":[45],"reused":[46],"our":[48],"MUC-3":[49],"[1],":[51],"providing":[52],"leverage":[53,69],"perhaps":[55],"one":[56],"person-month.":[57],"Adaptation":[58],"software":[60],"designed":[61],"for":[62],"ConQuest":[64],"text":[65],"retrieval":[66],"provided":[68],"another":[71],"six":[72],"person-months.":[73]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}