{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1983090018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1071958.1071966","title":"BBN PLUM","display_name":"BBN PLUM","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1983090018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1071958.1071966","mag":"1983090018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1071958.1071966","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1071958.1071966","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1071958.1071966","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Message understanding  - MUC3 '91","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1071958.1071966","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011618765","display_name":"Ralph Weischedel","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralph Weischedel","raw_affiliation_strings":["BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA","BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004004876","display_name":"Damaris Ayuso","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damaris Ayuso","raw_affiliation_strings":["BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA","BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026968192","display_name":"Sean Boisen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4013-9379"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean Boisen","raw_affiliation_strings":["BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA","BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013477288","display_name":"Robert Ingria","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Ingria","raw_affiliation_strings":["BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA","BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035577574","display_name":"Jeff Palmucci","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeff Palmucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA","BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"BBN Systems and Technologies, Cambridge, MA#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5357,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71576804,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"54","last_page":"54"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9106000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.752079963684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.44517359137535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-analysis","display_name":"Statistical analysis","score":0.44191479682922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3826058804988861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3243277668952942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.12288948893547058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.10339951515197754}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.752079963684082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.44517359137535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.44191479682922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3826058804988861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3243277668952942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.12288948893547058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10339951515197754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3115/1071958.1071966","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1071958.1071966","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1071958.1071966","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Message understanding  - MUC3 '91","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3115/1071958.1071966","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3115/1071958.1071966","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.3115/1071958.1071966","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 3rd conference on Message understanding  - MUC3 '91","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332815","display_name":"Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1983090018.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1983090018.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034693287","https://openalex.org/W2066895676","https://openalex.org/W2076526090","https://openalex.org/W2122214306","https://openalex.org/W2134237567"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3046775127","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Perhaps":[0],"the":[1,25,91],"most":[2],"important":[3],"facts":[4],"about":[5],"our":[6,11],"participation":[7],"in":[8,33,41],"MUC-3":[9],"reflect":[10],"starting":[12],"point":[13],"and":[14,27,44,63],"goals.":[15],"In":[16],"March,":[17,42],"1990,":[18],"we":[19,72],"initiated":[20],"a":[21,84],"pilot":[22,92],"study":[23,93],"on":[24,75],"feasibility":[26],"impact":[28],"of":[29,69],"applying":[30],"statistical":[31,50],"algorithms":[32],"natural":[34],"language":[35],"processing.":[36],"The":[37],"experiments":[38],"were":[39],"concluded":[40],"1991":[43],"lead":[45],"us":[46],"to":[47,67,95],"believe":[48],"that":[49,70],"approaches":[51,56],"can":[52],"effectively":[53],"improve":[54],"knowledge-based":[55],"[Weischedel,":[57],"et":[58],"al.,":[59],"1991a,":[60],"Weischedel,":[61],"Meteer,":[62],"Schwartz,":[64],"1991].":[65],"Due":[66],"nature":[68],"effort,":[71],"had":[73],"focussed":[74],"many":[76],"well-defined":[77],"algorithm":[78],"experiments.":[79],"We":[80],"did":[81],"not":[82],"have":[83],"complete":[85],"message":[86],"processing":[87],"system;":[88],"nor":[89],"was":[90],"designed":[94],"create":[96],"an":[97],"application":[98],"system.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}