{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2973954733","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0146411619040102","title":"Optimization of URL-Based Phishing Websites Detection through Genetic Algorithms","display_name":"Optimization of URL-Based Phishing Websites Detection through Genetic Algorithms","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2973954733","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0146411619040102","mag":"2973954733"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3103/s0146411619040102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0146411619040102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S17203304","display_name":"Automatic Control and Computer Sciences","issn_l":"0146-4116","issn":["0146-4116","1558-108X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320267","host_organization_name":"Pleiades Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320267","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pleiades Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Automatic Control and Computer Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013073372","display_name":"Muhammad Taseer Suleman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8563-6574"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Taseer Suleman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, 54770, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, 54770, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046180038","display_name":"Shahid Mahmood Awan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5637-7403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87482320","display_name":"University of Management and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0095xcq10","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Mahmood Awan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, 54770, Lahore, Pakistan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Systems and Technology, University of Management and Technology, 54770, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013073372"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87482320"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.4437,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9676484,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"4","first_page":"333","last_page":"341"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phishing","display_name":"Phishing","score":0.932823896408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8723450899124146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.7267063856124878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.6813007593154907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.65505051612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5946924090385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.5717297196388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.49194619059562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/password","display_name":"Password","score":0.47043225169181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44448423385620117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4390818476676941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/id3","display_name":"ID3","score":0.43700775504112244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-card","display_name":"Credit card","score":0.43336570262908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.31456458568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree-learning","display_name":"Decision tree learning","score":0.2584608793258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.23342466354370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2183372974395752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.21234813332557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.1129675805568695}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83860907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135005","display_name":"Phishing","level":3,"score":0.932823896408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8723450899124146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.7267063856124878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.6813007593154907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.65505051612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5946924090385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.5717297196388245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.49194619059562683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109297577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161157","display_name":"Password","level":2,"score":0.47043225169181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44448423385620117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4390818476676941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174599459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054220","display_name":"ID3","level":4,"score":0.43700775504112244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983355114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161380","display_name":"Credit card","level":3,"score":0.43336570262908936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.31456458568573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5481197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16766476","display_name":"Decision tree learning","level":3,"score":0.2584608793258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.23342466354370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2183372974395752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.21234813332557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.1129675805568695}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3103/s0146411619040102","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3103/s0146411619040102","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S17203304","display_name":"Automatic Control and Computer Sciences","issn_l":"0146-4116","issn":["0146-4116","1558-108X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320267","host_organization_name":"Pleiades Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320267","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Pleiades Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Automatic Control and Computer Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.550000011920929,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1593211785","https://openalex.org/W1930835045","https://openalex.org/W1964088283","https://openalex.org/W1993155576","https://openalex.org/W2008064532","https://openalex.org/W2023973750","https://openalex.org/W2096762731","https://openalex.org/W2361517492","https://openalex.org/W2524841068","https://openalex.org/W2558309902","https://openalex.org/W2586631747","https://openalex.org/W2605432626","https://openalex.org/W2766955736","https://openalex.org/W2794598542","https://openalex.org/W2800391419","https://openalex.org/W2904250082","https://openalex.org/W2996739384","https://openalex.org/W3023540311"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149202530","https://openalex.org/W2807822918","https://openalex.org/W2921723332","https://openalex.org/W2482950156","https://openalex.org/W2305322260","https://openalex.org/W3042334625","https://openalex.org/W3139248031","https://openalex.org/W4200017362","https://openalex.org/W4388020458","https://openalex.org/W2472747690"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Website":[0],"phishing":[1,53,92],"is":[2],"an":[3],"online":[4],"crime":[5],"for":[6,76,105],"obtaining":[7],"secret":[8],"information":[9],"such":[10],"as":[11],"passwords,":[12],"account":[13],"numbers,":[14],"and":[15,72,81],"credit":[16],"card":[17],"details.":[18],"Attackers":[19],"lure":[20],"users":[21],"through":[22,35],"attractive":[23],"hyperlinks,":[24],"in":[25,88],"order":[26],"to,":[27],"redirect":[28],"to":[29,136],"the":[30,47,77,89,110,117,132],"fake":[31],"websites.":[32,83,93],"Phishing":[33],"detection":[34,54,90,111,133],"a":[36],"machine-learning":[37],"approach":[38,55],"has":[39,56,96],"become":[40],"quite":[41],"effective":[42],"nowadays.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45],"research,":[46],"Uniform":[48],"Resource":[49],"Locator":[50],"(URL)":[51],"based":[52],"been":[57,97],"used.":[58],"Machine-learning":[59],"classifiers":[60],"like":[61],"Na\u00efve":[62],"Bayes,":[63],"Iterative":[64,120],"Dichotomiser-3":[65,121],"(ID3),":[66],"K-Nearest":[67],"Neighbor":[68],"(KNN),":[69],"Decision":[70],"Tree":[71],"Random":[73],"Forest":[74],"used":[75],"classification":[78,85],"of":[79,91,101,119],"legitimate":[80],"illegitimate":[82],"This":[84],"would":[86],"help":[87],"However,":[94],"it":[95],"observed":[98],"that":[99],"use":[100,118],"Genetic":[102,128],"Algorithms":[103],"(GAs)":[104],"feature":[106],"selection":[107],"can":[108],"improve":[109],"accuracy.":[112],"Our":[113],"experimental":[114],"results":[115],"portrayed":[116],"(ID3)":[122],"along":[123],"with":[124],"Yet":[125],"Another":[126],"Generating":[127],"Algorithm":[129],"(YAGGA)":[130],"improves":[131],"accuracy":[134],"up":[135],"95%.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}