{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4311273046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29007/tg4s","title":"Benchmarks for the Formal Verification of Power Systems","display_name":"Benchmarks for the Formal Verification of Power Systems","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4311273046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29007/tg4s"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.29007/tg4s","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29007/tg4s","pdf_url":"https://easychair.org/publications/open/8Tcg","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651395","display_name":"EPiC series in computing","issn_l":"2398-7340","issn":["2398-7340"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EPiC Series in Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://easychair.org/publications/open/8Tcg","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005383495","display_name":"Matthias Althoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3733-842X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Althoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technical University of Munich, Department of Informatics, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Munich, Department of Informatics, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005383495"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14120153,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"90","issue":null,"first_page":"26","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.7801514267921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7690094709396362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reachability","display_name":"Reachability","score":0.6146867871284485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-methods","display_name":"Formal methods","score":0.606746256351471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5988985896110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.5753384828567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-verification","display_name":"Formal verification","score":0.5733219385147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5713551044464111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.5206959843635559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-function","display_name":"Lyapunov function","score":0.47494176030158997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safeguard","display_name":"Safeguard","score":0.4458308815956116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.4173199534416199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-engineering","display_name":"Industrial engineering","score":0.34061992168426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.34059956669807434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.26437318325042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.21409854292869568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.17648884654045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.13238579034805298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11321693658828735}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.7801514267921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7690094709396362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136643341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361526","display_name":"Reachability","level":2,"score":0.6146867871284485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75606506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049183","display_name":"Formal methods","level":2,"score":0.606746256351471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5988985896110535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.5753384828567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.5733219385147095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5713551044464111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.5206959843635559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60640748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2337858","display_name":"Lyapunov function","level":3,"score":0.47494176030158997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780771206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3271761","display_name":"Safeguard","level":2,"score":0.4458308815956116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4173199534416199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13736549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4489420","display_name":"Industrial engineering","level":1,"score":0.34061992168426514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.34059956669807434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.26437318325042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.21409854292869568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.17648884654045105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.13238579034805298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11321693658828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.29007/tg4s","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29007/tg4s","pdf_url":"https://easychair.org/publications/open/8Tcg","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651395","display_name":"EPiC series in computing","issn_l":"2398-7340","issn":["2398-7340"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EPiC Series in Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1696138","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1696138","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"ConferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.29007/tg4s","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29007/tg4s","pdf_url":"https://easychair.org/publications/open/8Tcg","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4220651395","display_name":"EPiC series in computing","issn_l":"2398-7340","issn":["2398-7340"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EPiC Series in Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1871608929","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"817629","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G567259951","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AZ-1473-20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321450","funder_display_name":"Bayerische Forschungsstiftung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321450","display_name":"Bayerische Forschungsstiftung","ror":"https://ror.org/00emnts94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4311273046.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4311273046.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W615403631","https://openalex.org/W1482881089","https://openalex.org/W1614756654","https://openalex.org/W1763243278","https://openalex.org/W1945760464","https://openalex.org/W1965190232","https://openalex.org/W1974081606","https://openalex.org/W1980573901","https://openalex.org/W1999016870","https://openalex.org/W2014712964","https://openalex.org/W2015338390","https://openalex.org/W2023092572","https://openalex.org/W2081825986","https://openalex.org/W2093606949","https://openalex.org/W2102294724","https://openalex.org/W2103594718","https://openalex.org/W2106285293","https://openalex.org/W2106424475","https://openalex.org/W2112372754","https://openalex.org/W2112949599","https://openalex.org/W2118465540","https://openalex.org/W2121322499","https://openalex.org/W2121797055","https://openalex.org/W2140900554","https://openalex.org/W2145710296","https://openalex.org/W2147246923","https://openalex.org/W2147741970","https://openalex.org/W2147889003","https://openalex.org/W2154128151","https://openalex.org/W2155742919","https://openalex.org/W2161614769","https://openalex.org/W2162270430","https://openalex.org/W2170320502","https://openalex.org/W2171505650","https://openalex.org/W2329811151","https://openalex.org/W2344477287","https://openalex.org/W2554589646","https://openalex.org/W2678612607","https://openalex.org/W2740183081","https://openalex.org/W2751006265","https://openalex.org/W2757615817","https://openalex.org/W2897682718","https://openalex.org/W3038336465","https://openalex.org/W3048914670","https://openalex.org/W3053676525","https://openalex.org/W3084753625","https://openalex.org/W3089783915","https://openalex.org/W3099333185","https://openalex.org/W3107034996","https://openalex.org/W4200422827","https://openalex.org/W4311273069","https://openalex.org/W4311273083","https://openalex.org/W7033607089"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2152752131","https://openalex.org/W161255303","https://openalex.org/W1544097700","https://openalex.org/W1488573418","https://openalex.org/W1922520186","https://openalex.org/W1946493810","https://openalex.org/W2391979747","https://openalex.org/W2981877881","https://openalex.org/W2550448639","https://openalex.org/W1964135497"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Benchmark":[0],"proposal:":[1],"Safe":[2],"renewable":[3,25],"energy":[4,26],"systems":[5],"are":[6,44,72,174],"becoming":[7],"increasingly":[8],"impor-":[9],"tant":[10],"to":[11,22,27,33,48,79,100],"combat":[12],"climate":[13],"change.":[14],"Electric":[15],"utility":[16],"companies":[17],"often":[18],"use":[19],"conservative":[20],"approaches":[21],"feed":[23],"in":[24,46,76,119],"ensure":[28,101],"a":[29,34,126,135],"safe":[30],"operation":[31],"due":[32,78],"lack":[35],"of":[36,82,86,116,143,150,158,171],"advanced":[37],"analysis":[38,95],"techniques.":[39],"So":[40],"far,":[41],"mostly":[42],"simulations":[43],"used":[45,75,99],"practice":[47,77],"safeguard":[49],"the":[50,80,114,117],"system":[51,137],"against":[52,163],"certain":[53],"contingencies,":[54],"which":[55],"cannot":[56],"provide":[57,68,125,141],"guaranties.":[58],"While":[59],"so-called":[60],"direct":[61],"methods":[62],"based":[63],"on":[64],"Lyapunov":[65,84],"functions":[66,85],"potentially":[67],"formal":[69],"guarantees,":[70],"they":[71],"not":[73],"really":[74],"difficulty":[81,145],"finding":[83],"larger":[87],"models.":[88],"How-":[89],"ever,":[90],"we":[91,124],"believe":[92],"that":[93,128],"reachability":[94],"can":[96,105],"be":[97,106],"conveniently":[98],"correctness,":[102],"because":[103],"it":[104],"performed":[107],"automatically":[108,129],"without":[109],"expert":[110],"knowledge.":[111],"To":[112],"analyze":[113],"state":[115],"art":[118],"this":[120],"important":[121],"application":[122],"area,":[123],"tool":[127],"gener-":[130],"ates":[131],"benchmark":[132,172],"problems":[133,142,173],"from":[134],"given":[136],"description.":[138],"We":[139],"also":[140],"different":[144,148],"and":[146,160,167],"for":[147],"types":[149],"analysis,":[151,155],"namely":[152],"transient":[153],"stability":[154],"verifying":[156,161],"regions":[157],"attraction,":[159],"robustness":[162],"uncertain":[164],"power":[165],"demand":[166],"production.":[168],"Exemplary":[169],"solutions":[170],"shown":[175],"as":[176],"well.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}