{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128510180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.28945/5706","title":"Unfulfilled Promises of Back-Office E-Government Systems: Employee Perceptions and Digital Transformation in Turkish Municipalities","display_name":"Unfulfilled Promises of Back-Office E-Government Systems: Employee Perceptions and Digital Transformation in Turkish Municipalities","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128510180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.28945/5706"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.28945/5706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.28945/5706","pdf_url":"http://www.inform.nu/Articles/Vol29/InfoSciV29Art03Arslan13112.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736881203","display_name":"Informing Science The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline","issn_l":"1521-4672","issn":["1521-4672","1547-9684","1547-9692"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315806","host_organization_name":"Informing Science Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315806"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Informing Science Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"http://www.inform.nu/Articles/Vol29/InfoSciV29Art03Arslan13112.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125478776","display_name":"Aykut Arslan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101840525","display_name":"Piri Reis University","ror":"https://ror.org/02eq60031","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101840525"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aykut Arslan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Piri Reis University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Piri Reis University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101840525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019864557","display_name":"Serdar Yener","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1413-7422"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76257594","display_name":"Sinop University","ror":"https://ror.org/004ah3r71","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76257594"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Serdar Yener","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sinop University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sinop University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76257594"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125533413","display_name":"Abd\u00fclkadir Akturan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I101840525","display_name":"Piri Reis University","ror":"https://ror.org/02eq60031","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I101840525"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abd\u00fclkadir Akturan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Piri Reis University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Piri Reis University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101840525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125478776"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I101840525"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50789505,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":null,"first_page":"03","last_page":"03"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.6883000135421753,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.6883000135421753,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.04010000079870224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11479","display_name":"Smart Cities and Technologies","score":0.027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/likert-scale","display_name":"Likert scale","score":0.5752000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-transformation","display_name":"Digital transformation","score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.48019999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.45719999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploratory-factor-analysis","display_name":"Exploratory factor analysis","score":0.43709999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gap-analysis","display_name":"Gap analysis (conservation)","score":0.43709999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-and-communications-technology","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","score":0.4336000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus-group","display_name":"Focus group","score":0.42879998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitization","display_name":"Digitization","score":0.385699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turkish","display_name":"Turkish","score":0.37610000371932983}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105776082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q617473","display_name":"Likert scale","level":2,"score":0.5752000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126082660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4252370","display_name":"Digital transformation","level":2,"score":0.4828000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.48019999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45719999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165957694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421350","display_name":"Exploratory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.43709999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779977028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1493813","display_name":"Gap analysis (conservation)","level":3,"score":0.43709999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67363961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5268834","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","level":2,"score":0.4336000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.42879998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779308522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843958","display_name":"Digitization","level":2,"score":0.385699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3824999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781121862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256","display_name":"Turkish","level":2,"score":0.37610000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40722632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160137","display_name":"Confirmatory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.36959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.36890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3522000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.3366999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3346000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.326200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.2897999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.2897999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166955791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629579","display_name":"Macro","level":2,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173655357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244752","display_name":"Digital divide","level":3,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779813694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q528053","display_name":"Digital identity","level":3,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65067816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2295139","display_name":"Computer-assisted web interviewing","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73945780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q814232","display_name":"Survey methodology","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.28945/5706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.28945/5706","pdf_url":"http://www.inform.nu/Articles/Vol29/InfoSciV29Art03Arslan13112.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736881203","display_name":"Informing Science The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline","issn_l":"1521-4672","issn":["1521-4672","1547-9684","1547-9692"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315806","host_organization_name":"Informing Science Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315806"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Informing Science Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.28945/5706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.28945/5706","pdf_url":"http://www.inform.nu/Articles/Vol29/InfoSciV29Art03Arslan13112.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2736881203","display_name":"Informing Science The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline","issn_l":"1521-4672","issn":["1521-4672","1547-9684","1547-9692"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315806","host_organization_name":"Informing Science Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315806"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Informing Science Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6139892935752869}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128510180.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128510180.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aim/Purpose":[0],"To":[1],"diagnose":[2],"the":[3,14,125,141],"internal":[4],"state":[5],"of":[6,23,76,132,289,294,323,331],"municipal":[7,40,77,295],"digital":[8,33,44,144,169,237],"transformation":[9],"by":[10,177],"identifying":[11],"and":[12,20,42,66,108,115,120,147,168,186,229,235,251,263,270,291,304,309,326,334],"characterizing":[13],"perception":[15,152,317],"gaps":[16,153,183,283],"between":[17,143],"employees\u2019":[18],"current":[19],"targeted":[21,267,320],"states":[22],"back-office":[24,46],"e-government":[25],"systems":[26],"(process":[27],"efficiency,":[28,160,287],"data":[29,114,161,216],"integration,":[30,217],"technological":[31,166],"competence,":[32,167],"stress).":[34],"Background":[35],"Despite":[36],"large":[37],"investments":[38],"in":[39,124,155],"ICT":[41],"national":[43],"strategies,":[45],"integration":[47,162,322],"remains":[48],"understudied;":[49],"employee":[50,133,310],"experiences":[51],"may":[52],"reveal":[53],"implementation":[54],"shortfalls":[55],"that":[56,71],"system":[57,324],"metrics":[58],"alone":[59],"miss.":[60],"This":[61],"paper":[62],"mobilizes":[63],"a":[64,129,219,240],"socio-technical":[65],"public-value":[67],"perspective":[68],"to":[69,233,255,274,298],"address":[70],"gap.":[72],"Methodology":[73],"Online":[74],"survey":[75],"employees":[78],"(final":[79],"analysis,":[80],"N":[81],"=":[82],"386)":[83],"using":[84],"30":[85],"paired":[86],"Likert":[87],"items":[88],"(current":[89,171],"vs.":[90],"targeted).":[91],"Quantitative":[92],"analyses":[93],"included":[94],"paired-samples":[95],"t-tests,":[96],"effect":[97],"sizes":[98],"(Cohen\u2019s":[99],"d),":[100],"exploratory":[101],"factor":[102],"analysis":[103,111],"(EFA),":[104],"K-means":[105],"clustering,":[106],"MANOVA/MANCOVA,":[107],"linear":[109],"discriminant":[110],"(LDA).":[112],"Missing":[113],"standard":[116],"diagnostics":[117],"were":[118],"reported":[119],"handled":[121],"as":[122],"described":[123],"manuscript.":[126],"Contribution":[127],"Provides":[128],"diagnostic":[130],"assessment":[131],"perceptions,":[134],"offering":[135],"an":[136],"informative":[137],"foundation":[138],"for":[139,212,247],"understanding":[140],"discrepancies":[142],"policy":[145],"goals":[146],"operational":[148,286],"realities.":[149],"Findings":[150],"Large":[151],"exist":[154],"all":[156],"four":[157,199],"dimensions:":[158],"process":[159,204],"(the":[163],"largest":[164],"gap),":[165],"stress":[170,172],"&gt;":[173],"target).":[174],"Gaps":[175],"vary":[176],"municipality":[178],"type":[179],"(districts":[180],"have":[181],"larger":[182],"than":[184],"metros)":[185],"department":[187],"(IT":[188],"has":[189],"smaller":[190],"gaps).":[191],"EFA":[192],"supported":[193],"three":[194],"latent":[195],"constructs;":[196],"clustering":[197],"yielded":[198],"user":[200],"profiles":[201],"(optimistic":[202],"adapters,":[203],"challengers,":[205],"technology":[206],"strugglers,":[207],"comprehensive":[208],"gap":[209],"experiencers).":[210],"Recommendations":[211,246],"Practitioners":[213],"Prioritize":[214],"cross-departmental":[215],"adopt":[218],"process-first":[220],"IS":[221],"redesign,":[222],"expand":[223],"distributed":[224],"competence-building":[225],"beyond":[226],"IT":[227],"units,":[228],"implement":[230],"design/support":[231],"measures":[232],"monitor":[234],"reduce":[236],"stress,":[238],"with":[239,259],"special":[241],"focus":[242],"on":[243,279],"district":[244],"municipalities.":[245],"Researchers":[248],"Use":[249],"longitudinal":[250],"mixed":[252],"methods":[253],"designs":[254],"triangulate":[256],"subjective":[257],"perceptions":[258],"objective":[260],"usage":[261],"logs":[262,325],"performance":[264],"metrics;":[265],"evaluate":[266],"interventions":[268],"experimentally;":[269],"conduct":[271],"cross-national":[272],"comparisons":[273],"assess":[275],"contextual":[276],"generalizability.":[277],"Impact":[278],"Society":[280],"Closing":[281],"identified":[282],"can":[284],"increase":[285],"equity":[288],"access,":[290],"public":[292],"value":[293],"services;":[296],"failure":[297],"act":[299],"risks":[300],"deepening":[301],"service":[302],"inequalities":[303],"producing":[305],"persistent":[306],"administrative":[307],"burdens":[308],"burnout.":[311],"Future":[312],"Research":[313],"Longitudinal":[314],"studies":[315,336],"tracking":[316],"change":[318],"after":[319],"interventions;":[321],"outcome":[327],"indicators;":[328],"causal":[329],"evaluation":[330],"training/process-redesign":[332],"programs;":[333],"comparative":[335],"across":[337],"governance":[338],"contexts.":[339]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T14:07:55.174380","created_date":"2026-02-11T00:00:00"}
