{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2547031734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.28945/3418","title":"The Relationship between Social Presence and Critical Thinking: Results from Learner Discourse in an Asynchronous Learning Environment","display_name":"The Relationship between Social Presence and Critical Thinking: Results from Learner Discourse in an Asynchronous Learning Environment","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2547031734","doi":"https://doi.org/10.28945/3418","mag":"2547031734"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.28945/3418","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.28945/3418","pdf_url":"http://www.jite.org/documents/Vol15/JITEv15ResearchP089-108Costley1738.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11358226","display_name":"Journal of Information Technology Education Research","issn_l":"1539-3585","issn":["1539-3585","1547-9706","1547-9714"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315806","host_organization_name":"Informing Science Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315806"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Informing Science Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Technology Education: Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://www.jite.org/documents/Vol15/JITEv15ResearchP089-108Costley1738.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012338149","display_name":"Jamie Costley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1685-3863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I206597221","display_name":"Kongju National University","ror":"https://ror.org/0373nm262","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jamie Costley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kongju National University","Kongju National University, Gongju, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kongju National University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kongju National University, Gongju, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078021487","display_name":"Christopher Lange","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3962-3278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131463087","display_name":"Joongbu University","ror":"https://ror.org/020db1e56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131463087"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Lange","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joongbu University","Joongbu University, Guemsan, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joongbu University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131463087"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joongbu University, Guemsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131463087"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012338149"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I206597221"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.7147,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96522857,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"089","last_page":"108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12593","display_name":"Communication in Education and Healthcare","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.9732999801635742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-thinking","display_name":"Critical thinking","score":0.7794762849807739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5353245139122009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-discourse-analysis","display_name":"Critical discourse analysis","score":0.5002162456512451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4888841509819031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.46752074360847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.37966248393058777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.3604327440261841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedagogy","display_name":"Pedagogy","score":0.3126990795135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/politics","display_name":"Politics","score":0.0992465615272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.09406769275665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.07792064547538757}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C533356498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843894","display_name":"Critical thinking","level":2,"score":0.7794762849807739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5353245139122009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779030433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1789511","display_name":"Critical discourse analysis","level":4,"score":0.5002162456512451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4888841509819031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.46752074360847473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.37966248393058777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3604327440261841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3126990795135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0992465615272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.09406769275665283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.07792064547538757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.28945/3418","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.28945/3418","pdf_url":"http://www.jite.org/documents/Vol15/JITEv15ResearchP089-108Costley1738.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11358226","display_name":"Journal of Information Technology Education Research","issn_l":"1539-3585","issn":["1539-3585","1547-9706","1547-9714"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315806","host_organization_name":"Informing Science Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315806"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Informing Science Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Technology Education: Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.28945/3418","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.28945/3418","pdf_url":"http://www.jite.org/documents/Vol15/JITEv15ResearchP089-108Costley1738.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S11358226","display_name":"Journal of Information Technology Education Research","issn_l":"1539-3585","issn":["1539-3585","1547-9706","1547-9714"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315806","host_organization_name":"Informing Science Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315806"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Informing Science Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Information Technology Education: Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2547031734.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2547031734.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488258070","https://openalex.org/W1489705823","https://openalex.org/W1501671793","https://openalex.org/W1565284144","https://openalex.org/W1648755690","https://openalex.org/W1968505577","https://openalex.org/W1973453850","https://openalex.org/W1975649119","https://openalex.org/W1985594806","https://openalex.org/W1989966069","https://openalex.org/W2007826806","https://openalex.org/W2014145152","https://openalex.org/W2014858765","https://openalex.org/W2052166978","https://openalex.org/W2055854942","https://openalex.org/W2059463479","https://openalex.org/W2074437147","https://openalex.org/W2075234179","https://openalex.org/W2091448591","https://openalex.org/W2103017603","https://openalex.org/W2116199508","https://openalex.org/W2116794232","https://openalex.org/W2121833081","https://openalex.org/W2138381575","https://openalex.org/W2153190547","https://openalex.org/W2156304795","https://openalex.org/W2495784352","https://openalex.org/W2945424237","https://openalex.org/W4234506655","https://openalex.org/W4248634141","https://openalex.org/W4249518023","https://openalex.org/W4300915399","https://openalex.org/W4377928625","https://openalex.org/W6724071267","https://openalex.org/W6762837409","https://openalex.org/W6816114802","https://openalex.org/W7033950559"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4231363955","https://openalex.org/W2377144251","https://openalex.org/W2382125336","https://openalex.org/W2162385273","https://openalex.org/W597635650","https://openalex.org/W1538737418","https://openalex.org/W4285689606","https://openalex.org/W2141961202","https://openalex.org/W649022822"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"the":[1,15,68,79,113,135,150,186,189],"relationship":[2,80],"between":[3,45,81,126],"social":[4,46,59,116,127,139,161],"presence":[5,47,60,117,128,140,162],"and":[6,17,43,48,61,74,118,129,134,141,171],"critical":[7,49,62,119,130,142,169],"thinking":[8,63,120,131,143,170],"is":[9,30,56,179],"useful":[10],"for":[11,152],"gaining":[12],"insight":[13],"into":[14],"interaction":[16],"discourse":[18,65,187,190],"of":[19,24,39,53,78,85,115,154,177],"learners":[20,181],"online.":[21],"Further":[22],"study":[23,55],"how":[25],"these":[26,82],"two":[27],"presences":[28],"interact":[29],"important":[31,83],"because":[32],"research":[33],"has":[34,195],"shown":[35],"a":[36,98,145,166,192],"wide":[37],"variety":[38],"relationships,":[40],"both":[41],"positive":[42],"negative,":[44],"thinking.":[50],"The":[51,124,174],"aim":[52],"this":[54,178],"to":[57,111,165,184],"investigate":[58],"using":[64],"analysis":[66],"in":[67,101,121,160,168],"hope":[69],"that":[70,138,180],"it":[71],"will":[72],"deepen":[73],"broaden":[75],"our":[76],"understanding":[77],"facets":[84],"learner":[86,155],"discourse.":[87],"Using":[88],"quantitative":[89],"analysis,":[90],"an":[91,158],"online":[92],"forum":[93,109],"used":[94],"by":[95,106],"students":[96],"at":[97],"national":[99],"university":[100],"Korea":[102],"(n=219)":[103],"was":[104],"analyzed":[105,133],"taking":[107],"900":[108],"posts":[110],"determine":[112],"levels":[114],"each":[122],"post.":[123],"relationships":[125],"were":[132],"results":[136],"show":[137],"have":[144],"negative":[146],"correlation.":[147],"This":[148],"highlights":[149],"need":[151],"awareness":[153],"discourse,":[156],"as":[157],"increase":[159],"may":[163],"lead":[164],"decrease":[167],"vice":[172],"versa.":[173],"likely":[175],"cause":[176],"tend":[182],"not":[183],"change":[185],"once":[188],"within":[191],"particular":[193],"context":[194],"been":[196],"set.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}