{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409311073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26599/cvm.2025.9450374","title":"WDFSR: Normalizing Flow Based on the Wavelet-Domain for Super-Resolution","display_name":"WDFSR: Normalizing Flow Based on the Wavelet-Domain for Super-Resolution","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409311073","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26599/cvm.2025.9450374"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.26599/cvm.2025.9450374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26599/cvm.2025.9450374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2487656537","display_name":"Computational Visual Media","issn_l":"2096-0433","issn":["2096-0433","2096-0662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Visual Media","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.26599/cvm.2025.9450374","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101568770","display_name":"Chao Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9415-4929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75059550","display_name":"Zhejiang Gongshang University","ror":"https://ror.org/0569mkk41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chao Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou,China,310018","Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou,China,310018","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026579189","display_name":"Shengtai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4142-3080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75059550","display_name":"Zhejiang Gongshang University","ror":"https://ror.org/0569mkk41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaobang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou,China,310018","Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou,China,310018","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079905341","display_name":"Frederick W. B. Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4283-4228"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","display_name":"Durham University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frederick W. B. Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Durham,Department of Computer Science,Durham,UK,DHI 3LE","Department of Computer Science, University of Durham, Durham DHI 3LE, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Durham,Department of Computer Science,Durham,UK,DHI 3LE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Durham, Durham DHI 3LE, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015699943","display_name":"Bailin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-5595"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75059550","display_name":"Zhejiang Gongshang University","ror":"https://ror.org/0569mkk41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bailin Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou,China,310018","Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou,China,310018","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101568770"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75059550"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2996,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78954336,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"381","last_page":"404"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9865999817848206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9200999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.7505161762237549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5310809016227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5176818370819092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5144215226173401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.4914003610610962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics","score":0.4745657742023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3689024746417999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2356301248073578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.18095514178276062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.09589347243309021}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.7505161762237549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5310809016227722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5176818370819092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5144215226173401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4914003610610962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.4745657742023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3689024746417999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2356301248073578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.18095514178276062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.09589347243309021}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.26599/cvm.2025.9450374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26599/cvm.2025.9450374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2487656537","display_name":"Computational Visual Media","issn_l":"2096-0433","issn":["2096-0433","2096-0662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Visual Media","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9f001ed4e38b49d5a7d94686ca3d2f4d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9f001ed4e38b49d5a7d94686ca3d2f4d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computational Visual Media, Vol 11, Iss 2, Pp 381-404 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.26599/cvm.2025.9450374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26599/cvm.2025.9450374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2487656537","display_name":"Computational Visual Media","issn_l":"2096-0433","issn":["2096-0433","2096-0662"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computational Visual Media","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1791560514","https://openalex.org/W1930824406","https://openalex.org/W2047920195","https://openalex.org/W2085677502","https://openalex.org/W2121927366","https://openalex.org/W2331128040","https://openalex.org/W2566376500","https://openalex.org/W2741137940","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2776107444","https://openalex.org/W2866634454","https://openalex.org/W2891158090","https://openalex.org/W2947376905","https://openalex.org/W2962814024","https://openalex.org/W2963372104","https://openalex.org/W2963494934","https://openalex.org/W2963610452","https://openalex.org/W2963729050","https://openalex.org/W2963814095","https://openalex.org/W2981718299","https://openalex.org/W2983339877","https://openalex.org/W2998689703","https://openalex.org/W3000067069","https://openalex.org/W3034352949","https://openalex.org/W3034771037","https://openalex.org/W3035006120","https://openalex.org/W3035731588","https://openalex.org/W3095495550","https://openalex.org/W3107032263","https://openalex.org/W3108141698","https://openalex.org/W3109671265","https://openalex.org/W3120540810","https://openalex.org/W3121661546","https://openalex.org/W3147328569","https://openalex.org/W3168495321","https://openalex.org/W3171175128","https://openalex.org/W3174060721","https://openalex.org/W3174792937","https://openalex.org/W3179253672","https://openalex.org/W3181955432","https://openalex.org/W3187338951","https://openalex.org/W3199334903","https://openalex.org/W3199532396","https://openalex.org/W3214047808","https://openalex.org/W4206277891","https://openalex.org/W4252713891","https://openalex.org/W4285605803","https://openalex.org/W4285821733","https://openalex.org/W4287020683","https://openalex.org/W4287252367","https://openalex.org/W4289752563","https://openalex.org/W4309582181","https://openalex.org/W4312249431","https://openalex.org/W4312509301","https://openalex.org/W4312725970","https://openalex.org/W6610566761","https://openalex.org/W6758706709","https://openalex.org/W6758845805","https://openalex.org/W6785342844"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2319989118","https://openalex.org/W1503820821","https://openalex.org/W2285491073","https://openalex.org/W1991998366","https://openalex.org/W3112751614","https://openalex.org/W1995979513","https://openalex.org/W4403759101","https://openalex.org/W4249185555","https://openalex.org/W1999937205","https://openalex.org/W4409132263"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,168],"propose":[1,123],"a":[2,73,77,124],"normalizing":[3],"flow":[4],"based":[5],"on":[6,146],"the":[7,17,25,32,45,62,66,90,93,113,136],"wavelet":[8,33],"framework":[9,173],"for":[10,117,176,193],"super-resolution":[11],"(SR)":[12],"called":[13],"WDFSR.":[14],"It":[15],"learns":[16],"conditional":[18,105,118],"distribution":[19,114,119],"mapping":[20,63,115],"between":[21],"low-resolution":[22],"images":[23,30,39],"in":[24,31,57,160],"RGB":[26],"domain":[27,34],"and":[28,68,79,99,111,134,157,165,188],"high-resolution":[29,38],"to":[35,53,95,132,140],"simultaneously":[36],"generate":[37],"of":[40,47,65,92,162],"different":[41,97],"styles.":[42],"To":[43],"address":[44],"issue":[46],"some":[48],"flow-based":[49,158],"models":[50,159,187],"being":[51],"sensitive":[52],"datasets,":[54],"which":[55],"results":[56],"training":[58,110],"fluctuations":[59],"that":[60,75,151,171],"reduce":[61],"ability":[64,91],"model":[67,94,109],"weaken":[69],"generalization,":[70],"we":[71,122],"designed":[72],"method":[74,84],"combines":[76],"T-distribution":[78],"QR":[80],"decomposition":[81],"layer.":[82],"Our":[83],"alleviates":[85],"this":[86],"problem":[87],"while":[88],"maintaining":[89],"map":[96],"distributions":[98],"produce":[100],"higher-quality":[101],"images.":[102],"Good":[103],"contextual":[104],"features":[106,139],"can":[107],"promote":[108],"enhance":[112],"capabilities":[116],"mapping.":[120],"Therefore,":[121],"Refinement":[125],"layer":[126],"combined":[127],"with":[128,191],"an":[129],"attention":[130],"mechanism":[131],"refine":[133],"fuse":[135],"extracted":[137],"condition":[138],"improve":[141],"image":[142],"quality.":[143,167],"Extensive":[144],"experiments":[145],"several":[147],"SR":[148],"datasets":[149],"demonstrate":[150],"WDFSR":[152],"outperforms":[153],"most":[154],"general":[155],"CNN-":[156],"terms":[161],"PSNR":[163],"value":[164],"perception":[166],"also":[169],"demonstrated":[170],"our":[172],"works":[174],"well":[175],"other":[177],"low-level":[178],"vision":[179],"tasks,":[180],"such":[181],"as":[182],"low-light":[183],"enhancement.":[184],"The":[185],"pretrained":[186],"source":[189],"code":[190],"guidance":[192],"reference":[194],"are":[195],"available":[196],"at":[197],"https://github.com/Lisbegin/WDFSR.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-02-27T16:54:17.756197","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
