{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4293729943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26599/ijcs.2022.9100016","title":"Product Search Algorithm Based on Improved Ant Colony Optimization in a Distributed Network","display_name":"Product Search Algorithm Based on Improved Ant Colony Optimization in a Distributed Network","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4293729943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26599/ijcs.2022.9100016"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.26599/ijcs.2022.9100016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26599/ijcs.2022.9100016","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9736195/9853235/09853240.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199319","display_name":"International Journal of Crowd Science","issn_l":"2398-7294","issn":["2398-7294"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Crowd Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9736195/9853235/09853240.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047893103","display_name":"Zhishuo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6533-1877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhishuo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian,Beijing,China,100089"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian,Beijing,China,100089","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077565006","display_name":"Fang Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1895-178X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100191712","display_name":"Pepperdine University","ror":"https://ror.org/0529ybh43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100191712"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seaver College, Pepperdine University,Business Administration Division,Malibu,CA,USA,90263"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seaver College, Pepperdine University,Business Administration Division,Malibu,CA,USA,90263","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100191712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017518868","display_name":"Lida Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lida Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian,Beijing,China,100089"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian,Beijing,China,100089","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047116324","display_name":"Zhuonan Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuonan Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian,Beijing,China,100089"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian,Beijing,China,100089","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100379940","display_name":"Yuqing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-5777"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuqing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian,Beijing,China,100089"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing Jiaotong University, Haidian,Beijing,China,100089","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047893103"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2851,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57737199,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3","first_page":"128","last_page":"134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9217000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7333999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ant-colony-optimization-algorithms","display_name":"Ant colony optimization algorithms","score":0.5649298429489136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/best-first-search","display_name":"Best-first search","score":0.5264129042625427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic","display_name":"Heuristic","score":0.5231441259384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-algorithm","display_name":"Search algorithm","score":0.48591747879981995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","score":0.46358630061149597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam-search","display_name":"Beam search","score":0.4543440043926239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4334041178226471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.42396080493927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.3858132064342499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.291506290435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.23301365971565247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13006407022476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.10906139016151428}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7333999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40128228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q460851","display_name":"Ant colony optimization algorithms","level":2,"score":0.5649298429489136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46011968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830527","display_name":"Best-first search","level":4,"score":0.5264129042625427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173801870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201413","display_name":"Heuristic","level":2,"score":0.5231441259384155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125583679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q755673","display_name":"Search algorithm","level":2,"score":0.48591747879981995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46358630061149597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19889080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835852","display_name":"Beam search","level":3,"score":0.4543440043926239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4334041178226471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.42396080493927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3858132064342499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.291506290435791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23301365971565247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13006407022476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.10906139016151428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.26599/ijcs.2022.9100016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26599/ijcs.2022.9100016","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9736195/9853235/09853240.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199319","display_name":"International Journal of Crowd Science","issn_l":"2398-7294","issn":["2398-7294"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Crowd Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu:faculty_pubs-1291","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.pepperdine.edu/faculty_pubs/290","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196557","display_name":"Pepperdine Digital Commons (Pepperdine University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I100191712","host_organization_name":"Pepperdine University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100191712"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"All Faculty Open Access Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d3f078e061e34fef8faa0704b2fd0111","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d3f078e061e34fef8faa0704b2fd0111","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Crowd Science, Vol 6, Iss 3, Pp 128-134 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.26599/ijcs.2022.9100016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26599/ijcs.2022.9100016","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/9736195/9853235/09853240.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210199319","display_name":"International Journal of Crowd Science","issn_l":"2398-7294","issn":["2398-7294"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Crowd Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293729943.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4293729943.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522546762","https://openalex.org/W2091542058","https://openalex.org/W2098125775","https://openalex.org/W2102363775","https://openalex.org/W2105241801","https://openalex.org/W2116382982","https://openalex.org/W2134177285","https://openalex.org/W2149855662","https://openalex.org/W2169243518","https://openalex.org/W2616094185","https://openalex.org/W2909959449","https://openalex.org/W6631441009"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081821176","https://openalex.org/W4390091683","https://openalex.org/W2064794194","https://openalex.org/W4386269615","https://openalex.org/W1994919150","https://openalex.org/W4200104947","https://openalex.org/W2998661990","https://openalex.org/W1622225657","https://openalex.org/W3084994579","https://openalex.org/W4302010637"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,36,112,185,219],"crowd":[1],"intelligence-based":[2],"e-commerce":[3],"transaction":[4],"network":[5,12,130,181],"(CleTN)":[6],"is":[7,41,125,143],"a":[8,44,68,85],"distributed":[9],"and":[10,20,29,31,60,80,122,149,165,183,195,200,214],"unstructured":[11],"structure.":[13],"Smart":[14],"individuals,":[15],"such":[16],"as":[17],"buyers,":[18],"sellers,":[19],"third-party":[21],"organizations,":[22],"can":[23,222],"store":[24],"information":[25,33,226],"in":[26,70,135,170,204,210],"local":[27],"nodes":[28,134],"connect":[30],"share":[32],"via":[34],"moments.":[35],"purpose":[37],"of":[38,51,67,78,87,94,172,191,207],"this":[39],"study":[40],"to":[42,56,83,106,127],"design":[43,84,128,206],"product":[45,65,119,178,225],"search":[46,62,89,98,131,137,141,173,176,180,186,220,223],"algorithm":[47,142,157,187,221],"on":[48,91],"the":[49,64,71,75,92,108,118,129,136,140,156,162,166,189,193,205,211,215],"basis":[50,93],"ant":[52,197],"colony":[53,198],"optimization":[54],"(ACO)":[55],"achieve":[57],"an":[58],"efficient":[59],"accurate":[61],"for":[63,224],"demand":[66],"node":[69],"network.":[72],"We":[73],"introduce":[74],"improved":[76],"ideas":[77,203],"maximum":[79,194],"minimum":[81,196],"ants":[82],"set":[86],"heuristic":[88,102,109,208,212],"algorithms":[90],"ACO.":[95],"To":[96],"reduce":[97],"blindness,":[99],"additional":[100],"relevant":[101],"factors":[103,209],"are":[104],"selected":[105],"define":[107],"calculation":[110],"equation.":[111],"pheromone":[113,216],"update":[114,217],"mechanism":[115],"integrating":[116],"into":[117],"matching":[120],"factor":[121],"forwarding":[123],"probability":[124],"used":[126],"rules":[132],"among":[133],"algorithm.":[138],"Finally,":[139],"facilitated":[144],"by":[145],"Java":[146],"language":[147],"programming":[148],"PeerSim":[150],"software.":[151],"Experimental":[152],"results":[153],"show":[154],"that":[155],"has":[158],"significant":[159],"advantages":[160],"over":[161],"flooding":[163],"method":[164,169],"random":[167],"walk":[168],"terms":[171],"success":[174],"rate,":[175],"time,":[177],"matching,":[179],"consumption,":[182],"scalability.":[184],"introduces":[188],"idea":[190],"improving":[192],"system":[199],"proposes":[201],"new":[202],"equation":[213],"strategy.":[218],"effectively.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}