{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3111814460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2020/15685","title":"Constant Checking Is Not Addiction: A Grounded Theory of IT-Mediated State-Tracking","display_name":"Constant Checking Is Not Addiction: A Grounded Theory of IT-Mediated State-Tracking","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3111814460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2020/15685","mag":"3111814460"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.25300/misq/2020/15685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2020/15685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57293258","display_name":"MIS Quarterly","issn_l":"0276-7783","issn":["0276-7783","2162-9730"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327875293","host_organization_name":"MIS Quarterly","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327875293"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["MIS Quarterly"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MIS Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036867005","display_name":"Jin Gerlach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5984-6279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin P. Gerlach","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Economics & Law, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt, Hochschulstrasse 1, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Economics & Law, Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt, Hochschulstrasse 1, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111667056","display_name":"Ronald T. Cenfetelli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald T. Cenfetelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, 2053 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sauder School of Business, University of British Columbia, 2053 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.7314,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9776031,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"4","first_page":"1705","last_page":"1732"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.9735000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.9735000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9438999891281128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grounded-theory","display_name":"Grounded theory","score":0.7485878467559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","score":0.680730402469635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phenomenon","display_name":"Phenomenon","score":0.6673139333724976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.6427465677261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/addiction","display_name":"Addiction","score":0.5871573090553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5024394989013672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.489065021276474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.47581082582473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.4470064640045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4122052490711212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.4117441177368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.35365164279937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.2869393825531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.28112974762916565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.23677346110343933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epistemology","display_name":"Epistemology","score":0.1298392117023468}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156325361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152864","display_name":"Grounded theory","level":3,"score":0.7485878467559814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777027219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.680730402469635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50335755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483247","display_name":"Phenomenon","level":2,"score":0.6673139333724976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.6427465677261353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48856860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12029","display_name":"Addiction","level":2,"score":0.5871573090553284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5024394989013672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.489065021276474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.47581082582473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4470064640045166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4122052490711212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4117441177368164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.35365164279937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2869393825531006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.28112974762916565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.23677346110343933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.1298392117023468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.25300/misq/2020/15685","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2020/15685","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57293258","display_name":"MIS Quarterly","issn_l":"0276-7783","issn":["0276-7783","2162-9730"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4327875293","host_organization_name":"MIS Quarterly","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4327875293"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["MIS Quarterly"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"MIS Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":92,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W175596535","https://openalex.org/W259019472","https://openalex.org/W588954930","https://openalex.org/W1791587663","https://openalex.org/W1832468932","https://openalex.org/W1863525100","https://openalex.org/W1963170669","https://openalex.org/W1964152500","https://openalex.org/W1964157254","https://openalex.org/W1970936941","https://openalex.org/W1975984347","https://openalex.org/W1980243955","https://openalex.org/W1982378847","https://openalex.org/W1994629822","https://openalex.org/W1997932933","https://openalex.org/W2000955602","https://openalex.org/W2007739397","https://openalex.org/W2008522342","https://openalex.org/W2008978310","https://openalex.org/W2015676077","https://openalex.org/W2019356367","https://openalex.org/W2021870671","https://openalex.org/W2028126892","https://openalex.org/W2029289146","https://openalex.org/W2033292790","https://openalex.org/W2039254933","https://openalex.org/W2044367989","https://openalex.org/W2056764133","https://openalex.org/W2058084111","https://openalex.org/W2066065132","https://openalex.org/W2068200025","https://openalex.org/W2069181680","https://openalex.org/W2091144676","https://openalex.org/W2091603514","https://openalex.org/W2096964374","https://openalex.org/W2099075912","https://openalex.org/W2099800158","https://openalex.org/W2100379340","https://openalex.org/W2103676101","https://openalex.org/W2103768739","https://openalex.org/W2104379246","https://openalex.org/W2104512246","https://openalex.org/W2107943815","https://openalex.org/W2110668218","https://openalex.org/W2110799735","https://openalex.org/W2115055183","https://openalex.org/W2115998792","https://openalex.org/W2118151786","https://openalex.org/W2118691301","https://openalex.org/W2120009098","https://openalex.org/W2123677674","https://openalex.org/W2132250213","https://openalex.org/W2132254598","https://openalex.org/W2138119263","https://openalex.org/W2141462329","https://openalex.org/W2146948159","https://openalex.org/W2149988893","https://openalex.org/W2151020819","https://openalex.org/W2154480079","https://openalex.org/W2155355283","https://openalex.org/W2155595349","https://openalex.org/W2163490621","https://openalex.org/W2164932738","https://openalex.org/W2166975363","https://openalex.org/W2169017803","https://openalex.org/W2170510658","https://openalex.org/W2189671220","https://openalex.org/W2207158483","https://openalex.org/W2215862833","https://openalex.org/W2216374586","https://openalex.org/W2281891097","https://openalex.org/W2288579704","https://openalex.org/W2301640757","https://openalex.org/W2312452929","https://openalex.org/W2322321528","https://openalex.org/W2338621996","https://openalex.org/W2345880638","https://openalex.org/W2415002517","https://openalex.org/W2470631746","https://openalex.org/W2531861152","https://openalex.org/W2549982830","https://openalex.org/W2588289500","https://openalex.org/W2615393547","https://openalex.org/W2746431160","https://openalex.org/W2767656919","https://openalex.org/W2768202326","https://openalex.org/W4213318625","https://openalex.org/W4236702116","https://openalex.org/W6601675034","https://openalex.org/W6637207262","https://openalex.org/W6673141483","https://openalex.org/W6696852269"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546533203","https://openalex.org/W2054080977","https://openalex.org/W4300450609","https://openalex.org/W2015439768","https://openalex.org/W4361008414","https://openalex.org/W4386931570","https://openalex.org/W3040823075","https://openalex.org/W2092147963","https://openalex.org/W2620765995","https://openalex.org/W2038954347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u201cConstant":[0],"checking\u201d":[1],"of":[2,28,42,97,102,123,139,155,185,235],"digital":[3],"devices":[4],"has":[5],"been":[6],"a":[7,86,144,168,196,215,220,224],"widely":[8],"observed":[9],"phenomenon:":[10],"people":[11],"check":[12],"email":[13],"clients,":[14],"social":[15],"networking":[16],"systems,":[17],"news":[18],"websites,":[19],"and":[20,33,68,112,125,172,182,223],"other":[21],"information":[22,159],"technologies":[23],"(ITs)":[24],"at":[25],"the":[26,162,180,208,233],"expense":[27],"distracted":[29],"driving,":[30],"neglected":[31],"children,":[32],"lost":[34],"productivity.":[35],"The":[36],"predominant":[37],"perspective":[38,199],"on":[39,77,200],"such":[40],"phenomena":[41],"excessive":[43,211],"IT":[44,156,212],"use":[45,154,213],"is":[46,203],"that":[47,89,107,160,179,195,227],"users":[48],"are":[49,117,126,188],"addicted":[50],"to":[51,157,230],"technology.":[52],"But":[53],"actually,":[54],"we":[55,84,142],"know":[56],"very":[57],"little":[58],"about":[59,167,210],"what":[60,65,70],"exactly":[61],"constant":[62,236],"checking":[63],"is,":[64],"causes":[66],"it,":[67],"under":[69],"conditions":[71],"negative":[72],"outcomes":[73],"might":[74],"ensue.":[75],"Based":[76],"qualitative":[78],"data":[79],"collected":[80],"from":[81],"90":[82],"individuals,":[83],"develop":[85],"grounded":[87,225],"theory":[88,226],"views":[90],"constant-checking":[91,135],"behaviors":[92,136,202],"as":[93,150],"information-seeking":[94],"habits":[95,109],"instead":[96],"an":[98,129,151],"addiction":[99],"in":[100,137,214],"need":[101],"medical":[103],"treatment.":[104],"We":[105,176],"find":[106],"these":[108,201],"satisfy":[110],"deep-rooted":[111],"recurring":[113],"needs":[114],"for":[115],"information,":[116,124],"facilitated":[118],"by":[119,128,218],"today\u2019s":[120],"high":[121],"accessibility":[122],"fueled":[127],"interesting":[130],"reward":[131],"pattern.":[132],"To":[133],"represent":[134],"light":[138],"our":[140],"findings,":[141],"posit":[143],"new":[145,216,221],"construct:":[146],"IT-mediated":[147,186],"state-tracking,":[148],"defined":[149],"individual\u2019s":[152],"habitual":[153],"seek":[158],"closes":[161],"gap":[163],"between":[164],"their":[165],"knowledge":[166],"real-world":[169],"domain\u2019s":[170],"state":[171],"its":[173],"actual":[174],"state.":[175],"also":[177],"learn":[178],"intended":[181],"unintended":[183],"consequences":[184],"state-tracking":[187],"contingent":[189],"upon":[190],"situational":[191],"factors,":[192],"which":[193],"suggests":[194],"more":[197],"balanced":[198],"warranted.":[204],"Our":[205],"research":[206],"steers":[207],"discussion":[209],"direction":[217],"offering":[219],"construct":[222],"helps":[228],"us":[229],"better":[231],"understand":[232],"phenomenon":[234],"checking.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}