{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407302315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i011405","title":"Probabilistic Explanations for Entropic Knowledge Extraction for Automated Satellite Component Detection","display_name":"Probabilistic Explanations for Entropic Knowledge Extraction for Automated Satellite Component Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407302315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i011405"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2514/1.i011405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i011405","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240151","display_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","issn_l":"2327-3097","issn":["2327-3097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315709","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315709"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092818013","display_name":"Mackenzie J. Meni","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106959904","display_name":"Florida Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04atsbb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mackenzie J. Meni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070501913","display_name":"Trupti Mahendrakar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134831","display_name":"Artium Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03gby7r56","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134831"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trupti Mahendrakar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technetium Engineering LLC"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technetium Engineering LLC","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134831"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093211874","display_name":"Olivia D. M. Raney","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106879","display_name":"Ohio University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jr3y717","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivia D. M. Raney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ohio University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ohio University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106879"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053279009","display_name":"Ryan T. White","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5524-629X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106959904","display_name":"Florida Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04atsbb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan T. White","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026513481","display_name":"Michael Mayo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8222-3782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088792","display_name":"United States Army","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsp483","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87303767","display_name":"U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center","ror":"https://ror.org/027mhn368","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1306490931","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I87303767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael L. Mayo","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87303767","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043605738","display_name":"Kevin R. Pilkiewicz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3278-2268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088792","display_name":"United States Army","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsp483","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87303767","display_name":"U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center","ror":"https://ror.org/027mhn368","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1306490931","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I87303767"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin R. Pilkiewicz","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87303767","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5092818013"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106959904"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9517,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83816558,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"4","first_page":"296","last_page":"309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10876","display_name":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9639999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.9538999795913696,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.679989218711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6627216339111328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5578104853630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5337828993797302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.36580729484558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3379335105419159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2205938696861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.11597713828086853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10911586880683899}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.679989218711853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6627216339111328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5578104853630066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5337828993797302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.36580729484558105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3379335105419159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2205938696861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.11597713828086853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10911586880683899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2514/1.i011405","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i011405","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240151","display_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","issn_l":"2327-3097","issn":["2327-3097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315709","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315709"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6592775619","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W81EWF30204272","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332382","funder_display_name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8246377337","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W81EWF31876813","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332382","funder_display_name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332382","display_name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education","ror":"https://ror.org/0526p1y61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338128","display_name":"Environmental Laboratory","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2003370853","https://openalex.org/W2179352600","https://openalex.org/W2478708596","https://openalex.org/W2559655401","https://openalex.org/W2604272474","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2790531469","https://openalex.org/W2963781258","https://openalex.org/W3018757597","https://openalex.org/W3098722327","https://openalex.org/W3131999611","https://openalex.org/W4232044315","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4281488473","https://openalex.org/W4292060061","https://openalex.org/W4317636943","https://openalex.org/W4322494230","https://openalex.org/W4375846351","https://openalex.org/W4386770837","https://openalex.org/W4388823657","https://openalex.org/W4392369992"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357256365","https://openalex.org/W2348502264","https://openalex.org/W2365486383","https://openalex.org/W2362059367","https://openalex.org/W2350084742","https://openalex.org/W2943623134","https://openalex.org/W2494523064","https://openalex.org/W2901443725","https://openalex.org/W2357988862","https://openalex.org/W2215759665"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"escalating":[1],"risk":[2],"of":[3,8,25,40,52,74,98,106,135,143,157],"collisions":[4],"and":[5,35,60,149,166],"the":[6,22,75,116,136,140,144,154,158],"accumulation":[7],"space":[9,37],"debris":[10],"in":[11,31,48,67,111],"Low":[12],"Earth":[13],"Orbit":[14],"(LEO)":[15],"has":[16,92],"reached":[17],"critical":[18,104],"concern":[19],"due":[20],"to":[21,46,85,161],"ever-increasing":[23],"number":[24],"spacecraft.":[26],"Addressing":[27],"this":[28,90],"crisis,":[29],"especially":[30],"dealing":[32],"with":[33],"noncooperative":[34],"unidentified":[36],"debris,":[38],"is":[39],"paramount":[41],"importance.":[42],"This":[43],"paper":[44],"contributes":[45],"efforts":[47],"enabling":[49],"autonomous":[50],"swarms":[51],"small":[53],"chaser":[54],"satellites":[55],"for":[56,64,109,123],"target":[57],"geometry":[58],"determination":[59],"safe":[61],"flight-trajectory":[62],"planning":[63],"proximity":[65],"operations":[66],"LEO.":[68],"Our":[69],"research":[70],"explores":[71],"on-orbit":[72],"use":[73,110],"You":[76],"Only":[77],"Look":[78],"Once":[79],"v5":[80],"object":[81],"detection":[82],"model":[83,91],"trained":[84],"detect":[86],"satellite":[87],"components.":[88],"Although":[89],"shown":[93],"promise,":[94],"its":[95,163],"inherent":[96],"lack":[97],"interpretability":[99],"hinders":[100],"human":[101],"understanding,":[102],"a":[103,128],"aspect":[105],"validating":[107],"algorithms":[108],"safety-critical":[112],"missions.":[113],"To":[114],"analyze":[115],"decision":[117],"processes,":[118],"we":[119],"introduce":[120],"Probabilistic":[121],"Explanations":[122],"Entropic":[124],"Knowledge":[125],"extraction":[126],"(PEEK),":[127],"method":[129],"that":[130],"utilizes":[131],"information":[132],"theoretic":[133],"analysis":[134],"latent":[137],"representations":[138],"within":[139],"hidden":[141],"layers":[142],"model.":[145],"Through":[146],"both":[147],"synthetic":[148],"hardware-in-the-loop":[150],"experiments,":[151],"PEEK":[152],"illuminates":[153],"decision-making":[155],"processes":[156],"model,":[159],"helping":[160],"identify":[162],"strengths,":[164],"limitations,":[165],"biases.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
