{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2326460511","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i010492","title":"Assessing Dual Sensor Enhanced Flight Vision Systems to Enable Equivalent Visual Operations","display_name":"Assessing Dual Sensor Enhanced Flight Vision Systems to Enable Equivalent Visual Operations","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2326460511","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i010492","mag":"2326460511"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2514/1.i010492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i010492","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240151","display_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","issn_l":"2327-3097","issn":["2327-3097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315709","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315709"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021449779","display_name":"Lynda J. Kramer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319063186","display_name":"Langley Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0399mhs52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lynda J. Kramer","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Langley Research Center","NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center Hampton, VA United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111968011","display_name":"Timothy J. Etherington","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57053284","display_name":"Rockwell Automation (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01sx1pm50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57053284"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy J. Etherington","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rockwell Collins","Rockwell Collins, Inc. Cedar Rapids, IA United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rockwell Collins","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57053284"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rockwell Collins, Inc. Cedar Rapids, IA United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57053284"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089466528","display_name":"Kurt Severance","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319063186","display_name":"Langley Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0399mhs52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kurt Severance","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Langley Research Center","NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, 23681-2199"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, 23681-2199","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007905185","display_name":"Randall E. Bailey","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319063186","display_name":"Langley Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0399mhs52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Randall E. Bailey","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Langley Research Center","NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, 23681-2199"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, 23681-2199","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026282050","display_name":"Steven P. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9382-4337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319063186","display_name":"Langley Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0399mhs52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven P. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Langley Research Center","NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, 23681-2199"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, 23681-2199","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037302581","display_name":"Stephanie J. Harrison","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319063186","display_name":"Langley Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0399mhs52","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephanie J. Harrison","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Langley Research Center","NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, 23681-2199"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia, 23681-2199","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021449779"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319063186"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5262,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85940807,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"10","first_page":"533","last_page":"550"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12125","display_name":"Aerospace and Aviation Technology","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/touchdown","display_name":"Touchdown","score":0.9442895650863647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/runway","display_name":"Runway","score":0.7833572626113892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cockpit","display_name":"Cockpit","score":0.7611385583877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visibility","display_name":"Visibility","score":0.6982916593551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crew","display_name":"Crew","score":0.6086333394050598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.5857707262039185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5441544651985168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeronautics","display_name":"Aeronautics","score":0.5148276686668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4895521104335785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.42987316846847534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/night-vision","display_name":"Night vision","score":0.4268154501914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flight-simulator","display_name":"Flight simulator","score":0.4118390679359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.40961650013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4083862006664276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3413729667663574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779860262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650807","display_name":"Touchdown","level":2,"score":0.9442895650863647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81155309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184590","display_name":"Runway","level":2,"score":0.7833572626113892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30322324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194156","display_name":"Cockpit","level":2,"score":0.7611385583877563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123403432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q654068","display_name":"Visibility","level":2,"score":0.6982916593551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780179797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q345844","display_name":"Crew","level":2,"score":0.6086333394050598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.5857707262039185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5441544651985168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.5148276686668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4895521104335785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.42987316846847534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983470273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5353651","display_name":"Night vision","level":2,"score":0.4268154501914978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41376638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214932","display_name":"Flight simulator","level":2,"score":0.4118390679359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.40961650013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4083862006664276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3413729667663574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2514/1.i010492","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i010492","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240151","display_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","issn_l":"2327-3097","issn":["2327-3097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315709","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315709"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2514/6.2016-2044","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2016-2044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306501129","display_name":"AIAA Infotech @ Aerospace","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AIAA Infotech @ Aerospace","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"mag:2326460511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20160007542/downloads/20160007542.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402118","display_name":"NASA Technical Reports Server (NASA)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1305493378","host_organization_name":"NASA Headquarters","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305493378"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W221645460","https://openalex.org/W658532484","https://openalex.org/W1556989345","https://openalex.org/W1574286258","https://openalex.org/W1977108145","https://openalex.org/W1992109331","https://openalex.org/W2029075008","https://openalex.org/W2040610925","https://openalex.org/W2054989763","https://openalex.org/W2059285745","https://openalex.org/W2069280779","https://openalex.org/W2120635634","https://openalex.org/W2131772423"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361571146","https://openalex.org/W2474275046","https://openalex.org/W1958064835","https://openalex.org/W2093067959","https://openalex.org/W2022277241","https://openalex.org/W2054989763","https://openalex.org/W2409200518","https://openalex.org/W2324752296","https://openalex.org/W822250568","https://openalex.org/W811284439","https://openalex.org/W3177697130","https://openalex.org/W2165862605","https://openalex.org/W2042872712","https://openalex.org/W2171011407","https://openalex.org/W1968807237","https://openalex.org/W2088718243","https://openalex.org/W2039911411","https://openalex.org/W2902860460","https://openalex.org/W2030270021","https://openalex.org/W2998376398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthetic":[0],"vision":[1,5,94,111,164,195,201],"and":[2,26,39,45,99,123,148,176],"enhanced":[3,92,162,199],"flight":[4,32,93,163,200],"systems":[6],"may":[7],"enable":[8],"a":[9,81],"Next":[10],"Generation":[11],"Air":[12],"Transportation":[13],"System":[14],"equivalent":[15],"visual":[16,31],"operations":[17,137],"concept:":[18],"that":[19,160],"is,":[20],"the":[21,37,70,106,113,186],"ability":[22],"to":[23,112,120,133,185,197],"achieve":[24],"safety":[25],"operational":[27,43,191],"tempos":[28],"of":[29,36,48,62,90,108,138],"current-day":[30],"rule":[33],"operations,":[34],"irrespective":[35],"weather":[38],"visibility":[40,54],"conditions.":[41],"The":[42,157],"feasibility":[44],"pilot":[46],"workload":[47,181],"conducting":[49],"straight-in":[50],"instrument":[51],"approaches":[52,119],"in":[53,80,144,153,168],"as":[55,57,103,105,116,183],"low":[56,170],"300":[58],"ft":[59,146,155],"by":[60],"use":[61],"onboard":[63],"dual-sensor":[64],"imagery":[65,96,152,196],"on":[66,75,97],"head-up":[67,101,139,189],"displays,":[68,102],"without":[69,124,179],"need":[71],"for":[72],"or":[73,213],"reliance":[74],"natural":[76],"vision,":[77],"were":[78,131],"assessed":[79],"motion-base":[82],"simulation":[83],"experiment.":[84],"Twelve":[85],"crews":[86],"evaluated":[87],"two":[88,134,187],"methods":[89,130],"combining":[91],"system":[95,165,202],"pilot-flying":[98],"pilot-monitoring":[100],"well":[104],"impact":[107],"adding":[109],"synthetic":[110,194],"sensor":[114],"imagery,":[115],"they":[117],"made":[118],"runways":[121],"with":[122,149],"touchdown":[125],"zone/centerline":[126],"lights.":[127],"These":[128],"new":[129],"compared":[132,184],"currently":[135],"approved":[136,188],"displays":[140],"(with":[141],"symbology":[142],"only":[143],"1800":[145],"visibility,":[147],"forward-looking":[150],"infrared":[151],"1000":[154],"visibility).":[156],"results":[158],"indicated":[159],"all":[161],"concepts":[166],"flown":[167],"extremely":[169],"visibilities":[171],"had":[172],"comparable":[173],"approach,":[174],"touchdown,":[175],"rollout":[177],"performance":[178],"any":[180],"penalty":[182],"display":[190],"baselines.":[192],"Adding":[193],"an":[198],"provided":[203],"situation":[204],"awareness":[205],"improvements":[206,212],"but":[207],"no":[208],"discernible":[209],"flight-path":[210],"maintenance":[211],"detriments.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}