{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982487781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i010068","title":"Projectile Fire-Control Algorithm in a Spatially Varying Wind Field","display_name":"Projectile Fire-Control Algorithm in a Spatially Varying Wind Field","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982487781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i010068","mag":"1982487781"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2514/1.i010068","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i010068","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240151","display_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","issn_l":"2327-3097","issn":["2327-3097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315709","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315709"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015425124","display_name":"Lakmal Kaviratna","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lakmal Kaviratna","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060515814","display_name":"Mark Costello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6674-2216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Costello","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Aerospace Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036292259","display_name":"Nathan Slegers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4542-5710"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82495205","display_name":"University of Alabama in Huntsville","ror":"https://ror.org/02zsxwr40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82495205"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Slegers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82495205"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2247,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62761077,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"11","first_page":"497","last_page":"512"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.9724000096321106,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.9724000096321106,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10173","display_name":"Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics","score":0.9567000269889832,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12158","display_name":"Guidance and Control Systems","score":0.9487000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projectile","display_name":"Projectile","score":0.9007081985473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crosswind","display_name":"Crosswind","score":0.8658854365348816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.6642879247665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"Wind speed","score":0.5270426869392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.4674663841724396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.4347350001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-control","display_name":"Fire control","score":0.42549288272857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.4069059491157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37148481607437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.35661619901657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3289448618888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3276151716709137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28322020173072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24709749221801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.17475661635398865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0882803201675415}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49304495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49393","display_name":"Projectile","level":2,"score":0.9007081985473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95082708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931037","display_name":"Crosswind","level":2,"score":0.8658854365348816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.6642879247665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161067210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1464943","display_name":"Wind speed","level":2,"score":0.5270426869392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.4674663841724396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4347350001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81545478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5451561","display_name":"Fire control","level":2,"score":0.42549288272857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.4069059491157532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37148481607437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.35661619901657104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3289448618888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3276151716709137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28322020173072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24709749221801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.17475661635398865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0882803201675415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2514/1.i010068","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2514/1.i010068","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240151","display_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","issn_l":"2327-3097","issn":["2327-3097"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315709","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315709"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Aerospace Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.georgefox.edu:mece_fac-1013","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/mece_fac/2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196430","display_name":"Digital Commons - George Fox University (George Fox University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I179651463","host_organization_name":"George Fox University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179651463"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1585291373","https://openalex.org/W1970260142","https://openalex.org/W2019103290","https://openalex.org/W2146890232","https://openalex.org/W2155714974","https://openalex.org/W2898032373","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2524642947","https://openalex.org/W2367703080","https://openalex.org/W2384974583","https://openalex.org/W191008192","https://openalex.org/W2765085651","https://openalex.org/W2394031985","https://openalex.org/W2373090900","https://openalex.org/W2373784514","https://openalex.org/W2355971252","https://openalex.org/W2993354433"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,188,223,259],"fire-control":[1,28,52,143,177,267],"solution":[2,29,144,178,183,208],"is":[3,71,96,148,179,193,228,246,262],"an":[4,201,265],"important":[5],"element":[6],"of":[7,15,58,85,112,122,128,145,153,164,214,225,236,238,250],"any":[8],"modern":[9],"weapon":[10],"system,":[11],"providing":[12],"precise":[13],"aiming":[14,207],"the":[16,27,46,56,74,79,83,110,120,126,142,151,182,191,195,206,234,239,247,251],"gun":[17],"to":[18,99,140,190,209,230],"enable":[19],"highly":[20],"accurate":[21],"projectile":[22,147,165,196,240,252],"impact.":[23],"To":[24],"be":[25,31,185,210,257],"practical,":[26],"must":[30,256],"computed":[32,211],"rapidly":[33,186],"and":[34,48,91,219],"reliably":[35],"while":[36],"simultaneously":[37],"including":[38,150],"all":[39],"pertinent":[40],"physical":[41],"effects":[42],"that":[43,70,168,204,255],"can":[44,184],"alter":[45],"trajectory":[47],"impact":[49,217],"point.":[50],"Current":[51],"solutions":[53],"account":[54],"for":[55,93,130,133,269],"effect":[57,152],"atmospheric":[59,173,221],"wind":[60,103,123],"in":[61,73,200,212],"a":[62,67,113,138,146,161,175,215],"rudimentary":[63],"manner,":[64],"typically":[65],"assuming":[66],"constant":[68],"crosswind":[69],"estimated":[72],"field":[75],"or":[76],"measured":[77,220],"at":[78,105],"firing":[80],"site.":[81],"With":[82],"advent":[84],"advanced":[86],"wind-measurement":[87],"systems":[88],"(light":[89],"detection":[90],"ranging,":[92],"example),":[94],"it":[95],"now":[97],"possible":[98],"accurately":[100],"measure":[101],"three-dimensional":[102,170],"velocities":[104],"numerous":[106],"points":[107],"approximately":[108],"along":[109,125],"path":[111],"direct-fire":[114,135],"projectile.":[115],"This":[116],"article":[117],"first":[118],"shows":[119],"importance":[121],"knowledge":[124],"line":[127],"fire":[129],"accuracy,":[131],"particularly":[132],"long-range":[134],"shots.":[136],"Then,":[137],"method":[139],"compute":[141],"defined,":[149],"exactly":[154],"known":[155],"spatially":[156],"varying":[157,172],"winds.":[158,222],"By":[159],"using":[160],"modified":[162],"form":[163,203],"linear":[166,253],"theory":[167,254],"incorporates":[169],"linearly":[171],"winds,":[174],"closed-form":[176],"obtained.":[180],"Moreover,":[181],"computed.":[187],"key":[189,248],"algorithm":[192,227,261],"partitioning":[194],"linear-theory":[197],"state-transition":[198],"matrix":[199],"input\u2013output":[202],"enables":[205],"terms":[213],"desired":[216],"point":[218],"application":[224],"this":[226,245],"restricted":[229],"flat-fire":[231,271],"trajectories":[232,272],"where":[233],"angle":[235],"attack":[237],"remains":[241],"low":[242],"throughout":[243],"because":[244],"limitation":[249],"maintained.":[258],"proposed":[260],"exercised":[263],"on":[264],"example":[266],"problem":[268],"such":[270],"with":[273],"excellent":[274],"results.":[275]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
