{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414359452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2025/1084","title":"What is Behind Homelessness Bias? Using LLMs and NLP to Mitigate Homelessness by Acting on Social Stigma","display_name":"What is Behind Homelessness Bias? Using LLMs and NLP to Mitigate Homelessness by Acting on Social Stigma","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414359452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2025/1084"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2025/1084","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2025/1084","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119679342","display_name":"Jonathan A. Karr","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan A. Karr Jr.","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045515663","display_name":"Emory Smith","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emory Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018762895","display_name":"Matthew Hauenstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1812-7953"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Hauenstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034208573","display_name":"Georgina Curto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8232-3131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190118902","display_name":"United Nations University Institute on Globalization, Culture and Mobility","ror":"https://ror.org/059gc9s81","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190118902","https://openalex.org/I4210104502"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgina Curto","raw_affiliation_strings":["United Nations University Institute in Macau"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United Nations University Institute in Macau","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190118902"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068157871","display_name":"Nitesh V. Chawla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3932-5956"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107639228","display_name":"University of Notre Dame","ror":"https://ror.org/00mkhxb43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nitesh V. Chawla","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Notre Dame"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Notre Dame","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107639228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37373969,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"9754","last_page":"9762"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11464","display_name":"Homelessness and Social Issues","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11464","display_name":"Homelessness and Social Issues","score":0.9684000015258789,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racism","display_name":"Racism","score":0.58160001039505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stigma","display_name":"Stigma (botany)","score":0.5508000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dignity","display_name":"Dignity","score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"Poverty","score":0.4456999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prejudice","display_name":"Prejudice (legal term)","score":0.38429999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closeness","display_name":"Closeness","score":0.3716999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-bias","display_name":"Racial bias","score":0.3375000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-discourse","display_name":"Public discourse","score":0.3292999863624573}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139838865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racism","level":2,"score":0.58160001039505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168285401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427245","display_name":"Stigma (botany)","level":2,"score":0.5508000254631042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778745096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274782","display_name":"Dignity","level":2,"score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.4456999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.4047999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107062074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109701697","display_name":"Prejudice (legal term)","level":2,"score":0.38429999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779545769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135364","display_name":"Closeness","level":2,"score":0.3716999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3571000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3564000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992700788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8461","display_name":"Racial bias","level":3,"score":0.3375000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3357999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3336000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992826032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17945","display_name":"Public discourse","level":3,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992163063","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169207","display_name":"Social discrimination","level":3,"score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.3052000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134659438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5853064","display_name":"Social exclusion","level":2,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10347200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1960297","display_name":"Hindsight bias","level":2,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138147947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183659","display_name":"Declaration","level":2,"score":0.2711000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779444201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204065","display_name":"Workfare","level":3,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778689934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1313396","display_name":"Headline","level":2,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19159745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828395","display_name":"Social policy","level":2,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134698397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17946","display_name":"Public opinion","level":3,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53001019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1920219","display_name":"Social issues","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37129596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194417","display_name":"Social mobility","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.2531999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2025/1084","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2025/1084","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bias":[0],"towards":[1],"people":[2],"experiencing":[3],"homelessness":[4,81,96,125,136,141,172],"(PEH)":[5],"is":[6,78,168],"prevalent":[7],"in":[8],"online":[9],"spaces.":[10],"This":[11],"project":[12],"will":[13,68,116],"leverage":[14],"natural":[15],"language":[16,21],"processing":[17],"(NLP)":[18],"and":[19,27,41,56,105,126,137,142,146,156,181],"large":[20],"models":[22],"(LLMs)":[23],"to":[24,53,62,73,89,94,169,171],"identify,":[25],"classify,":[26],"measure":[28],"bias":[29,64,101,144],"using":[30],"geolocalized":[31],"data":[32],"collected":[33],"from":[34],"X":[35],"(formerly":[36],"Twitter),":[37],"Reddit,":[38],"meeting":[39],"minutes,":[40],"news":[42],"media":[43],"across":[44],"the":[45,86,99,110,113,157,179,184],"United":[46],"States.":[47],"While":[48],"public":[49],"opinion":[50],"often":[51],"refers":[52],"addictions,":[54],"criminality,":[55],"high":[57],"levels":[58],"of":[59,85,112,135,160,183],"welfare":[60],"spending":[61],"justify":[63],"against":[65],"PEH,":[66],"we":[67,115],"conduct":[69],"a":[70,91,118],"comparative":[71],"study":[72,87],"determine":[74],"whether":[75],"racial":[76,107],"fractionalization":[77],"associated":[79],"with":[80,154],"bias.":[82],"The":[83],"results":[84],"aim":[88],"provide":[90],"new":[92],"path":[93],"alleviate":[95],"by":[97,174],"unveiling":[98],"intersectional":[100,128],"that":[102],"affects":[103],"PEH":[104],"minority":[106],"groups.":[108],"During":[109],"course":[111],"project,":[114],"deliver":[117],"lexicon,":[119],"compile":[120],"an":[121],"annotated":[122],"database":[123],"for":[124],"homelessness-racism":[127],"(HRI)":[129],"bias,":[130,139],"evaluate":[131],"LLMs":[132,149],"as":[133],"classifiers":[134],"HRI":[138,143],"develop":[140],"metrics,":[145],"audit":[147],"existing":[148],"on":[150],"HRI.":[151],"In":[152],"collaboration":[153],"non-profits":[155],"city":[158],"council":[159],"South":[161],"Bend,":[162],"Indiana,":[163],"USA,":[164],"our":[165],"ultimate":[166],"goal":[167],"contribute":[170],"alleviation":[173],"counteracting":[175],"social":[176],"stigma,":[177],"restoring":[178],"dignity":[180],"well-being":[182],"persons":[185],"affected.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
