{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385763800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/648","title":"Discrete Diffusion Probabilistic Models for Symbolic Music Generation","display_name":"Discrete Diffusion Probabilistic Models for Symbolic Music Generation","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385763800","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/648"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2023/648","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/648","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2023/0648.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2023/0648.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091970706","display_name":"Matthias Plasser","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Plasser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johannes Kepler University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020218288","display_name":"Silvan Peter","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvan Peter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johannes Kepler University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003768123","display_name":"Gerhard Widmer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3531-1282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121883995","display_name":"Johannes Kepler University of Linz","ror":"https://ror.org/052r2xn60","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I38007976","display_name":"De Lin Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00y3by878","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I38007976"]}],"countries":["AT","TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerhard Widmer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johannes Kepler University","Linz Institute of Technology","Johannes Kepler University; Linz Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Linz Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I38007976"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johannes Kepler University; Linz Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121883995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5842","last_page":"5850"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11349","display_name":"Music Technology and Sound Studies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9926000237464905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7355303764343262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.6706931591033936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-model","display_name":"Statistical model","score":0.5598698854446411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-relationship","display_name":"Spurious relationship","score":0.5484552383422852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sample","display_name":"Sample (material)","score":0.5184921026229858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scope","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","score":0.4563409090042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4385959208011627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36542636156082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.25653523206710815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07886669039726257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7355303764343262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.6706931591033936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.5598698854446411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.5484552383422852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5184921026229858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4563409090042114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4385959208011627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36542636156082153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.25653523206710815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07886669039726257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2023/648","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/648","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2023/0648.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2023/648","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/648","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2023/0648.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385763800.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W130527016","https://openalex.org/W1535480840","https://openalex.org/W2129069237","https://openalex.org/W2298339197","https://openalex.org/W2475687244","https://openalex.org/W2569781171","https://openalex.org/W2604555320","https://openalex.org/W2752731013","https://openalex.org/W2792210438","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W3034723908","https://openalex.org/W3036167779","https://openalex.org/W3129651364","https://openalex.org/W3173187964","https://openalex.org/W3175663427","https://openalex.org/W3182909996","https://openalex.org/W4226199750","https://openalex.org/W4286250570","https://openalex.org/W4287083626","https://openalex.org/W4287329820","https://openalex.org/W4292779060","https://openalex.org/W4298289240","https://openalex.org/W4308860610","https://openalex.org/W4312254454","https://openalex.org/W4391602018"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3113091479","https://openalex.org/W2162899405","https://openalex.org/W941090075","https://openalex.org/W2002739602","https://openalex.org/W1968042686","https://openalex.org/W2897881820","https://openalex.org/W2345647014","https://openalex.org/W2201192772","https://openalex.org/W3136891595","https://openalex.org/W1964819397"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Denoising":[0],"Diffusion":[1],"Probabilistic":[2],"Models":[3],"(DDPMs)":[4],"have":[5,23],"made":[6],"great":[7],"strides":[8],"in":[9,13],"generating":[10],"high-quality":[11],"samples":[12],"both":[14],"discrete":[15],"and":[16,58,102],"continuous":[17],"domains.":[18],"However,":[19,85],"Discrete":[20],"DDPMs":[21],"(D3PMs)":[22],"yet":[24],"to":[25,28,53,75],"be":[26],"applied":[27],"the":[29,37,64,80],"domain":[30],"of":[31,40,82,95],"Symbolic":[32,42],"Music.":[33],"This":[34],"work":[35],"presents":[36],"direct":[38],"generation":[39],"Polyphonic":[41],"Music":[43],"using":[44],"D3PMs.":[45],"Our":[46],"model":[47],"exhibits":[48],"state-of-the-art":[49],"sample":[50,97],"quality,":[51],"according":[52],"current":[54],"quantitative":[55,93],"evaluation":[56,94],"metrics,":[57,101],"allows":[59],"for":[60],"flexible":[61],"infilling":[62],"at":[63],"note":[65],"level.":[66],"We":[67],"further":[68],"show,":[69],"that":[70,107],"our":[71,110],"models":[72],"are":[73],"accessible":[74],"post-hoc":[76],"classifier":[77],"guidance,":[78],"widening":[79],"scope":[81],"possible":[83],"applications.":[84],"we":[86],"also":[87],"cast":[88],"a":[89,104],"critical":[90],"view":[91],"on":[92],"music":[96],"quality":[98],"via":[99],"statistical":[100],"present":[103],"simple":[105],"algorithm":[106],"can":[108],"confound":[109],"metrics":[111],"with":[112],"completely":[113],"spurious,":[114],"non-musical":[115],"samples.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
