{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385764597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/124","title":"Locate, Refine and Restore: A Progressive Enhancement Network for Camouflaged Object Detection","display_name":"Locate, Refine and Restore: A Progressive Enhancement Network for Camouflaged Object Detection","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385764597","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/124"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2023/124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/124","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2023/0124.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2023/0124.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100358297","display_name":"Xiaofei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3346-3744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology","Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101812145","display_name":"Jiaxin Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9286-0558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxin Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology","Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100386630","display_name":"Shuo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5184-3230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuohao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084801659","display_name":"Jun Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4015-8668"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology","Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100666960","display_name":"Jun Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2189-3966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology","Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100319452","display_name":"Dong Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0526-9346"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science and Technology on Information Systems Engineering Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology","Science and Technology on Information Systems Engineering Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, China","Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Information Systems Engineering Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science and Technology on Information Systems Engineering Laboratory, National University of Defense Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Big Data and Decision, National University of Defense Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1116","last_page":"1124"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9793999791145325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7722947597503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6985678672790527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6359807252883911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6221888065338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.6028550863265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5931608080863953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.590131402015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5779348611831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.5314910411834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.5015766620635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.49580511450767517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.46179887652397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4408935606479645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.4405757486820221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.4233749210834503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.41987210512161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.085778146982193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.06727427244186401}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7722947597503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6985678672790527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6359807252883911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6221888065338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.6028550863265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5931608080863953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.590131402015686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5779348611831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.5314910411834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.5015766620635986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.49580511450767517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.46179887652397156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4408935606479645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.4405757486820221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4233749210834503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.41987210512161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.085778146982193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.06727427244186401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2023/124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/124","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2023/0124.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2023/124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/124","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2023/0124.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2620741986","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"QL20220018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326217","funder_display_name":"Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4164276816","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62101571","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326217","display_name":"Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385764597.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1586079445","https://openalex.org/W1592409232","https://openalex.org/W1982075130","https://openalex.org/W1994922096","https://openalex.org/W2011792016","https://openalex.org/W2016016818","https://openalex.org/W2412782625","https://openalex.org/W2740248187","https://openalex.org/W2769040523","https://openalex.org/W2771617895","https://openalex.org/W2866634454","https://openalex.org/W2928165649","https://openalex.org/W2939217524","https://openalex.org/W2943545929","https://openalex.org/W2945469194","https://openalex.org/W2963112696","https://openalex.org/W2963604034","https://openalex.org/W2963868681","https://openalex.org/W2964274719","https://openalex.org/W2969502377","https://openalex.org/W2987701848","https://openalex.org/W2989907986","https://openalex.org/W2990984982","https://openalex.org/W2997316506","https://openalex.org/W2998449272","https://openalex.org/W3012341453","https://openalex.org/W3015119179","https://openalex.org/W3034453930","https://openalex.org/W3034684132","https://openalex.org/W3035290198","https://openalex.org/W3035422681","https://openalex.org/W3035618398","https://openalex.org/W3035633116","https://openalex.org/W3092344722","https://openalex.org/W3094897602","https://openalex.org/W3109623941","https://openalex.org/W3109733326","https://openalex.org/W3133947967","https://openalex.org/W3143155474","https://openalex.org/W3151753041","https://openalex.org/W3155043039","https://openalex.org/W3163197207","https://openalex.org/W3164098653","https://openalex.org/W3165309286","https://openalex.org/W3165366273","https://openalex.org/W3168112135","https://openalex.org/W3173782971","https://openalex.org/W3174857663","https://openalex.org/W3176152216","https://openalex.org/W3190335749","https://openalex.org/W3199914841","https://openalex.org/W3203700770","https://openalex.org/W3210073375","https://openalex.org/W3213922487","https://openalex.org/W4214561053","https://openalex.org/W4220880800","https://openalex.org/W4225257078","https://openalex.org/W4225651326","https://openalex.org/W4283724275","https://openalex.org/W4283813802","https://openalex.org/W4285310685","https://openalex.org/W4285601297","https://openalex.org/W4287239057","https://openalex.org/W4311833730","https://openalex.org/W4312258849","https://openalex.org/W4312880622","https://openalex.org/W6755811877","https://openalex.org/W6759363029","https://openalex.org/W6768815578","https://openalex.org/W6791858558","https://openalex.org/W6803771590","https://openalex.org/W6847742374","https://openalex.org/W6863071542","https://openalex.org/W6863631769","https://openalex.org/W6863994431","https://openalex.org/W6864014924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W4246352526","https://openalex.org/W2121910908","https://openalex.org/W915438175","https://openalex.org/W4390721878"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Camouflaged":[0],"Object":[1],"Detection":[2],"(COD)":[3],"aims":[4],"to":[5,27,105,114,129],"segment":[6],"objects":[7,37,39],"that":[8,143],"blend":[9],"in":[10,30],"with":[11,40],"their":[12],"surroundings.":[13],"Most":[14],"existing":[15],"methods":[16,150],"mainly":[17],"tackle":[18],"this":[19,44],"issue":[20],"by":[21,56],"a":[22,48,65],"single-stage":[23],"framework,":[24],"which":[25,63],"tends":[26],"degrade":[28],"performance":[29],"the":[31,58,84,89,95,107,110,125,137],"face":[32],"of":[33],"small":[34],"objects,":[35,70],"low-contrast":[36],"and":[38,73,94,119,124],"diverse":[41],"appearances.":[42],"In":[43],"paper,":[45],"we":[46],"propose":[47],"novel":[49],"Progressive":[50],"Enhancement":[51],"Network":[52],"(PENet)":[53],"for":[54,134],"COD":[55],"imitating":[57],"human":[59],"visual":[60],"detection":[61,67],"system,":[62],"follows":[64],"three-stage":[66],"process:":[68],"locate":[69],"refine":[71,115],"textures":[72],"restore":[74],"boundary.":[75,139],"Specifically,":[76],"our":[77,144],"PENet":[78,145],"contains":[79],"three":[80],"key":[81],"modules,":[82],"i.e.,":[83],"object":[85,108],"location":[86],"module":[87,92,99],"(OLM),":[88],"group":[90],"attention":[91],"(GAM)":[93],"context":[96],"feature":[97,122],"restoration":[98],"(CFRM).":[100],"The":[101],"OLM":[102],"is":[103,112,127],"designed":[104],"position":[106],"globally,":[109],"GAM":[111],"developed":[113],"both":[116],"high-level":[117],"semantic":[118],"low-level":[120],"texture":[121],"representation,":[123],"CFRM":[126],"leveraged":[128],"effectively":[130],"aggregate":[131],"multi-level":[132],"features":[133],"progressively":[135],"restoring":[136],"clear":[138],"Extensive":[140],"results":[141],"demonstrate":[142],"significantly":[146],"outperforms":[147],"32":[148],"state-of-the-art":[149],"on":[151],"four":[152],"widely":[153],"used":[154],"benchmark":[155],"datasets":[156]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-07-27T08:26:11.824852","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}