{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285601751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/219","title":"RAPQ: Rescuing Accuracy for Power-of-Two Low-bit Post-training Quantization","display_name":"RAPQ: Rescuing Accuracy for Power-of-Two Low-bit Post-training Quantization","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285601751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/219"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2022/219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/219","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2022/0219.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608755","display_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2022/0219.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072239582","display_name":"Hongyi Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0546-9831"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyi Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104145188","display_name":"Pu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1410-4096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100648781","display_name":"Jian Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9473-2223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046198377","display_name":"Xiangcheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4966-7394"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangcheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091707941","display_name":"Chenying Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenying Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053600349","display_name":"Bingzhang Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingzhang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1573","last_page":"1579"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.8190003037452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rounding","display_name":"Rounding","score":0.7090383768081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6642651557922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/round-off-error","display_name":"Round-off error","score":0.532279372215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clipping","display_name":"Clipping (morphology)","score":0.4305630326271057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.39740025997161865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.35716673731803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.3214336037635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2590729594230652}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.8190003037452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136625980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663208","display_name":"Rounding","level":2,"score":0.7090383768081665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6642651557922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61005703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145211","display_name":"Round-off error","level":2,"score":0.532279372215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776848632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853463","display_name":"Clipping (morphology)","level":2,"score":0.4305630326271057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.39740025997161865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.35716673731803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.3214336037635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2590729594230652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2022/219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/219","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2022/0219.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608755","display_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2022/219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/219","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2022/0219.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608755","display_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1042138451","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFE0203801","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285601751.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285601751.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597286183","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W2000761799","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2291160084","https://openalex.org/W2809624076","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2963828549","https://openalex.org/W2970601456","https://openalex.org/W3003175769","https://openalex.org/W3004061291","https://openalex.org/W3034429256","https://openalex.org/W3034940165","https://openalex.org/W3035078980","https://openalex.org/W3035855442","https://openalex.org/W3166859509","https://openalex.org/W3183118997","https://openalex.org/W4287118909","https://openalex.org/W4287812978","https://openalex.org/W4288413318","https://openalex.org/W4293584584"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2156629920","https://openalex.org/W2021455005","https://openalex.org/W2383134623","https://openalex.org/W2063857110","https://openalex.org/W3211499886","https://openalex.org/W2485409430","https://openalex.org/W2504297729","https://openalex.org/W2099163195","https://openalex.org/W1490938129","https://openalex.org/W4293327315"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,81,172],"introduce":[1],"a":[2,25,83],"Power-of-Two":[3,45,67,85,94,185],"post-training":[4],"quantization(":[5],"PTQ)":[6],"method":[7,126],"for":[8,20,34,179],"deep":[9],"neural":[10],"network":[11,99],"that":[12,58,189],"meets":[13],"hardware":[14],"requirements":[15],"and":[16,31,54,116,152,160,164,187],"does":[17],"not":[18],"call":[19],"long-time":[21],"retraining.":[22],"PTQ":[23,86,178,199],"requires":[24],"small":[26],"set":[27],"of":[28,96,101,119,135,146,158],"calibration":[29],"data":[30],"is":[32,59,129],"easier":[33],"deployment,":[35],"but":[36,183],"results":[37],"in":[38,127],"lower":[39],"accuracy":[40,157,196],"than":[41],"Quantization-Aware":[42],"Training(":[43],"QAT).":[44],"quantization":[46,53,186],"can":[47,109,155,191],"convert":[48],"the":[49,66,93,97,113,120,124,132,143,174,180,194],"multiplication":[50],"introduced":[51],"by":[52,61,106],"dequantization":[55],"to":[56,75,176],"bit-shift":[57],"adopted":[60],"many":[62],"efficient":[63],"accelerators.":[64],"However,":[65],"scale":[68],"has":[69],"fewer":[70],"candidate":[71],"values,":[72],"which":[73,90],"leads":[74],"more":[76,181],"rounding":[77,114],"or":[78],"clipping":[79,117],"errors.":[80],"propose":[82,177],"novel":[84],"framework,":[87],"dubbed":[88],"RAPQ,":[89],"dynamically":[91],"adjusts":[92],"scales":[95],"whole":[98,121],"instead":[100],"statically":[102],"determining":[103],"them":[104],"layer":[105],"layer.":[107],"It":[108],"theoretically":[110],"trade":[111],"off":[112],"error":[115,118],"network.":[122],"Meanwhile,":[123],"reconstruction":[125],"RAPQ":[128,154],"based":[130],"on":[131,140,162],"BN":[133],"information":[134],"every":[136],"unit.":[137],"Extensive":[138],"experiments":[139],"ImageNet":[141],"prove":[142,188],"excellent":[144],"performance":[145],"our":[147],"proposed":[148],"method.":[149,200],"Without":[150],"bells":[151],"whistles,":[153],"reach":[156],"65%":[159],"48%":[161],"ResNet-18":[163],"MobileNetV2":[165],"respectively":[166],"with":[167],"weight":[168],"INT2":[169],"activation":[170],"INT4.":[171],"are":[173],"first":[175],"constrained":[182],"hardware-friendly":[184],"it":[190],"achieve":[192],"nearly":[193],"same":[195],"as":[197],"SOTA":[198],"The":[201],"code":[202],"will":[203],"be":[204],"released.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}