{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285600210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/12","title":"Tolerance is Necessary for Stability: Single-Peaked Swap Schelling Games","display_name":"Tolerance is Necessary for Stability: Single-Peaked Swap Schelling Games","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285600210","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/12"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2022/12","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/12","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2022/0012.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608755","display_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2022/0012.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042522865","display_name":"Davide Bil\u00f2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3169-4300"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I159650629","display_name":"University of Sassari","ror":"https://ror.org/01bnjbv91","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Bil\u00f2","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sassari, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sassari, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I159650629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027632307","display_name":"Vittorio Bil\u00f2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7848-4904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142910587","display_name":"University of Salento","ror":"https://ror.org/03fc1k060","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142910587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vittorio Bil\u00f2","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 del Salento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 del Salento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142910587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053080425","display_name":"Pascal Lenzner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3010-1019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143288331","display_name":"Hasso Plattner Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/058rn5r42","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143288331","https://openalex.org/I176453806"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176453806","display_name":"University of Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03bnmw459","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascal Lenzner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143288331","https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081569262","display_name":"Louise Molitor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9166-9927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143288331","display_name":"Hasso Plattner Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/058rn5r42","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143288331","https://openalex.org/I176453806"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176453806","display_name":"University of Potsdam","ror":"https://ror.org/03bnmw459","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Louise Molitor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143288331","https://openalex.org/I176453806"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3333,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90230516,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"81","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11645","display_name":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11645","display_name":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10632","display_name":"Housing Market and Economics","score":0.9825999736785889,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10991","display_name":"Game Theory and Voting Systems","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swap","display_name":"Swap (finance)","score":0.8479695916175842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipartite-graph","display_name":"Bipartite graph","score":0.7329248189926147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monotone-polygon","display_name":"Monotone polygon","score":0.696223795413971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.594431459903717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subadditivity","display_name":"Subadditivity","score":0.5472228527069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transferable-utility","display_name":"Transferable utility","score":0.527253270149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-of-stability","display_name":"Price of stability","score":0.4973588287830353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4669167995452881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.45095837116241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.449124813079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44100192189216614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.4224134385585785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-of-anarchy","display_name":"Price of anarchy","score":0.42124512791633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4207901954650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.34787261486053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.19113224744796753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99821215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136583","display_name":"Swap (finance)","level":2,"score":0.8479695916175842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197657726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174733","display_name":"Bipartite graph","level":3,"score":0.7329248189926147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2834757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4925424","display_name":"Monotone polygon","level":2,"score":0.696223795413971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.594431459903717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19220575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1934099","display_name":"Subadditivity","level":2,"score":0.5472228527069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81302675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834034","display_name":"Transferable utility","level":3,"score":0.527253270149231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188466206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7242626","display_name":"Price of stability","level":3,"score":0.4973588287830353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4669167995452881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.45095837116241455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.449124813079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44100192189216614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.4224134385585785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82149807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7242623","display_name":"Price of anarchy","level":4,"score":0.42124512791633606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4207901954650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.34787261486053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.19113224744796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556758197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580018","display_name":"Monetary economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126285488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178476","display_name":"Monetary policy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2022/12","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/12","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2022/0012.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608755","display_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uni-augsburg.opus-bayern.de:115189","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://opus.bibliothek.uni-augsburg.de/opus4/frontdoor/index/index/docId/115189","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400930","display_name":"OPUS (Augsburg University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I119916105","host_organization_name":"Augsburg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119916105"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"conferenceobject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2022/12","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/12","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2022/0012.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608755","display_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285600210.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285600210.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6335828","https://openalex.org/W108432896","https://openalex.org/W1973886823","https://openalex.org/W1977578104","https://openalex.org/W2014607560","https://openalex.org/W2020712831","https://openalex.org/W2038992031","https://openalex.org/W2118282281","https://openalex.org/W2134660637","https://openalex.org/W2138482529","https://openalex.org/W2170702389","https://openalex.org/W2180008728","https://openalex.org/W2233988666","https://openalex.org/W2483017767","https://openalex.org/W2809709428","https://openalex.org/W2951330075","https://openalex.org/W2952054875","https://openalex.org/W2961524200","https://openalex.org/W2964635954","https://openalex.org/W2998121365","https://openalex.org/W3091254873","https://openalex.org/W3099446300","https://openalex.org/W3109173677","https://openalex.org/W3109498285","https://openalex.org/W4207030330","https://openalex.org/W4246168342","https://openalex.org/W4285600210","https://openalex.org/W4291820441","https://openalex.org/W4299951319"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2124332176","https://openalex.org/W2149507811","https://openalex.org/W2022890659","https://openalex.org/W4394648935","https://openalex.org/W3043342004","https://openalex.org/W2100862433","https://openalex.org/W2735613141","https://openalex.org/W197281699","https://openalex.org/W1725578675","https://openalex.org/W2949732603"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Residential":[0],"segregation":[1],"in":[2,112],"metropolitan":[3],"areas":[4],"is":[5,102,115,153],"a":[6,32,54],"phenomenon":[7],"that":[8,36,57,70,103,150],"can":[9],"be":[10,81],"observed":[11],"all":[12],"over":[13],"the":[14,113,127,137,142,151],"world.":[15],"Recently,":[16],"this":[17],"was":[18],"investigated":[19],"via":[20,83],"game-theoretic":[21],"models.":[22],"There,":[23],"selfish":[24],"agents":[25,48,72,106],"of":[26,129,139,144],"two":[27],"types":[28],"are":[29,73],"equipped":[30],"with":[31,95],"monotone":[33],"utility":[34,39,85,97],"function":[35],"ensures":[37],"higher":[38],"if":[40],"an":[41],"agent":[42],"has":[43],"more":[44],"same-type":[45],"neighbors.":[46],"The":[47],"strategically":[49],"choose":[50],"their":[51,64],"location":[52],"on":[53,120,136,155],"given":[55],"graph":[56],"serves":[58],"as":[59],"residential":[60],"area":[61],"to":[62],"maximize":[63],"utility.":[65],"However,":[66],"sociological":[67],"polls":[68],"suggest":[69],"real-world":[71],"actually":[74],"favoring":[75,107],"mixed-type":[76],"neighborhoods,":[77],"and":[78,141,157],"hence":[79],"should":[80],"modeled":[82],"non-monotone":[84],"functions.":[86,98],"To":[87],"address":[88],"this,":[89],"we":[90,131,148],"study":[91],"Swap":[92],"Schelling":[93],"Games":[94],"single-peaked":[96],"Our":[99],"main":[100],"finding":[101],"tolerance,":[104],"i.e.,":[105],"fifty-fifty":[108],"neighborhoods":[109],"or":[110,123],"being":[111],"minority,":[114],"necessary":[116],"for":[117],"equilibrium":[118],"existence":[119],"almost":[121,158],"regular":[122,159],"bipartite":[124,156],"graphs.":[125,160],"Regarding":[126],"quality":[128],"equilibria,":[130],"derive":[132],"(almost)":[133],"tight":[134],"bounds":[135],"Price":[138,143],"Anarchy":[140],"Stability.":[145],"In":[146],"particular,":[147],"show":[149],"latter":[152],"constant":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}