{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3041412367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/672","title":"A Survey on Computational Propaganda Detection","display_name":"A Survey on Computational Propaganda Detection","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3041412367","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/672","mag":"3041412367"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2020/672","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/672","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2020/0672.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2020/0672.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033850423","display_name":"Giovanni Da San Martino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2609-483X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1301390666","display_name":"Qatar Airways (Qatar)","ror":"https://ror.org/01hx00y13","country_code":"QA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1301390666"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Da San Martino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Computing Research Institute, HBKU","Qatar Computing Research Institute, HBKU, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, HBKU","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, HBKU, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1301390666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056754015","display_name":"Stefano Cresci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0170-2445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130157","display_name":"Institute of Informatics and Telematics","ror":"https://ror.org/02gdcn153","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130157","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Cresci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Informatics and Telematics, IIT-CNR, Pisa","Institute of Informatics and Telematics, IIT-CNR, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Informatics and Telematics, IIT-CNR, Pisa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130157"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Informatics and Telematics, IIT-CNR, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210130157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067489760","display_name":"Alberto Barr\u00f3n\u2010Cede\u00f1o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4719-3420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Barr\u00f3n-Cede\u00f1o","raw_affiliation_strings":["DIT, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2013Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, Forl\u00ec"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DIT, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2013Universit\u00e0 di Bologna, Forl\u00ec","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036671957","display_name":"Seunghak Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405258931","display_name":"MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e85r662","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405258931","https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seunghak Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology","MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405258931"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065932621","display_name":"Roberto Di Pietro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1909-0336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144839","display_name":"Hamad bin Khalifa University","ror":"https://ror.org/03eyq4y97","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Di Pietro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hamad Bin Khalifa University","College of Science and Engineering, HBKU, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hamad Bin Khalifa University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Engineering, HBKU, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144839"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012055259","display_name":"Preslav Nakov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3600-1510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1301390666","display_name":"Qatar Airways (Qatar)","ror":"https://ror.org/01hx00y13","country_code":"QA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1301390666"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Preslav Nakov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qatar Computing Research Institute, HBKU","Qatar Computing Research Institute, HBKU, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, HBKU","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qatar Computing Research Institute, HBKU, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1301390666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":149,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4826","last_page":"4832"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.7986491322517395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mindset","display_name":"Mindset","score":0.7932276725769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anonymity","display_name":"Anonymity","score":0.7208741903305054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6889102458953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profiling","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","score":0.6084004640579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.5643407106399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.5284842252731323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5021157264709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.4667019844055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.4262091815471649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.3605983257293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.35752570629119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11213460564613342}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.7986491322517395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778491294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339824","display_name":"Mindset","level":2,"score":0.7932276725769043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178005623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q308859","display_name":"Anonymity","level":2,"score":0.7208741903305054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6889102458953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187191949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138496","display_name":"Profiling (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.6084004640579224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.5643407106399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.5284842252731323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5021157264709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.4667019844055176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4262091815471649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3605983257293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.35752570629119873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11213460564613342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2020/672","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/672","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2020/0672.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/1053994","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11568/1053994","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/789844","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/Proceedings/2020/0672","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research.unipd.it:11577/3368829","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/Proceedings/2020/672","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196283","display_name":"Research Padua  Archive (University of Padua)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138689650","host_organization_name":"University of Padua","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138689650"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2020/672","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/672","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2020/0672.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041412367.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3041412367.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541280084","https://openalex.org/W2072715695","https://openalex.org/W2082891496","https://openalex.org/W2107598941","https://openalex.org/W2182891243","https://openalex.org/W2320041883","https://openalex.org/W2583516892","https://openalex.org/W2710240177","https://openalex.org/W2736566371","https://openalex.org/W2759820691","https://openalex.org/W2767370829","https://openalex.org/W2907352650","https://openalex.org/W2911431914","https://openalex.org/W2946595845","https://openalex.org/W2949453732","https://openalex.org/W2951300212","https://openalex.org/W2963706081","https://openalex.org/W2966657483","https://openalex.org/W2982047289","https://openalex.org/W2988025470","https://openalex.org/W3006859404","https://openalex.org/W3098101451","https://openalex.org/W3098586381","https://openalex.org/W3099510071","https://openalex.org/W4299567010","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W4387489137","https://openalex.org/W6671295861","https://openalex.org/W6752705160","https://openalex.org/W6756104439","https://openalex.org/W6759363029","https://openalex.org/W6791858558","https://openalex.org/W6803771590","https://openalex.org/W6863631769","https://openalex.org/W6863994431"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281773849","https://openalex.org/W4239175313","https://openalex.org/W4386786145","https://openalex.org/W2908046332","https://openalex.org/W4232834483","https://openalex.org/W3192666801","https://openalex.org/W3009062738","https://openalex.org/W3163116104","https://openalex.org/W4389580136","https://openalex.org/W2153408742"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Propaganda":[0],"campaigns":[1],"aim":[2],"at":[3],"influencing":[4,62],"people's":[5],"mindset":[6],"with":[7,47],"the":[8,17,20,22,29,63,74,77,84,95],"purpose":[9],"of":[10,19,25,31,38,43,76,86],"advancing":[11],"a":[12,66],"specific":[13],"agenda.":[14],"They":[15],"exploit":[16],"anonymity":[18],"Internet,":[21],"micro-profiling":[23],"ability":[24],"social":[26,44],"networks,":[27],"and":[28,34,60,90,108],"ease":[30],"automatically":[32],"creating":[33],"managing":[35],"coordinated":[36],"networks":[37],"accounts,":[39],"to":[40,52],"reach":[41],"millions":[42],"network":[45],"users":[46],"persuasive":[48],"messages,":[49],"specifically":[50],"targeted":[51,67],"topics":[53],"each":[54],"individual":[55],"user":[56],"is":[57],"sensitive":[58],"to,":[59],"ultimately":[61],"outcome":[64],"on":[65,79],"issue.":[68],"In":[69],"this":[70],"survey,":[71],"we":[72],"review":[73],"state":[75],"art":[78],"computational":[80],"propaganda":[81],"detection":[82],"from":[83],"perspective":[85],"Natural":[87],"Language":[88],"Processing":[89],"Network":[91],"Analysis,":[92],"arguing":[93],"about":[94],"need":[96],"for":[97],"combined":[98],"efforts":[99],"between":[100],"these":[101],"communities.":[102],"We":[103],"further":[104],"discuss":[105],"current":[106],"challenges":[107],"future":[109],"research":[110],"directions.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2020-07-16T00:00:00"}