{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2964855159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/75","title":"Imitative Attacker Deception in Stackelberg Security Games","display_name":"Imitative Attacker Deception in Stackelberg Security Games","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2964855159","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/75","mag":"2964855159"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2019/75","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/75","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2019/0075.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2019/0075.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112976997","display_name":"Thanh H. Nguyen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thanh Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oregon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oregon","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101434141","display_name":"Haifeng Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6371-4906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801851002","display_name":"Harvard University Press","ror":"https://ror.org/006v7bf86","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haifeng Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Harvard University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Harvard University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801851002"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112976997"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.8819,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98681997,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"528","last_page":"534"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11031","display_name":"Game Theory and Applications","score":0.9714000225067139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.963100016117096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deception","display_name":"Deception","score":0.9524585008621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stackelberg-competition","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","score":0.8201843500137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-game","display_name":"Stochastic game","score":0.7119232416152954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6978719830513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5891506671905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.5247492790222168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nash-equilibrium","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","score":0.4414171576499939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3712274432182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-economics","display_name":"Mathematical economics","score":0.2946780323982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.14827370643615723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.13138476014137268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.10924959182739258}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779267917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170028","display_name":"Deception","level":2,"score":0.9524585008621216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199510392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184602","display_name":"Stackelberg competition","level":2,"score":0.8201843500137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22171661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074380","display_name":"Stochastic game","level":2,"score":0.7119232416152954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6978719830513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5891506671905518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.5247492790222168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46814582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23389","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.4414171576499939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3712274432182312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.2946780323982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.14827370643615723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.13138476014137268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.10924959182739258}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2019/75","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/75","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2019/0075.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2019/75","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/75","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2019/0075.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2964855159.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2964855159.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W568984285","https://openalex.org/W1492050885","https://openalex.org/W1504521876","https://openalex.org/W1900348432","https://openalex.org/W1966912382","https://openalex.org/W2009784329","https://openalex.org/W2029010138","https://openalex.org/W2097860933","https://openalex.org/W2107381919","https://openalex.org/W2108111486","https://openalex.org/W2125908420","https://openalex.org/W2151298633","https://openalex.org/W2188039674","https://openalex.org/W2194892124","https://openalex.org/W2269634904","https://openalex.org/W2296452361","https://openalex.org/W2493209841","https://openalex.org/W2579153474","https://openalex.org/W2621402052","https://openalex.org/W2740487835","https://openalex.org/W2781052149","https://openalex.org/W2797887368","https://openalex.org/W2904016268","https://openalex.org/W2965737549"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2976114880","https://openalex.org/W2328458106","https://openalex.org/W2605497830","https://openalex.org/W3169439878","https://openalex.org/W2963993697","https://openalex.org/W2948291551","https://openalex.org/W2062756478","https://openalex.org/W4312141693","https://openalex.org/W1969185016","https://openalex.org/W1536009559"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"address":[1],"the":[2,7,23,37,42,48,61,75,91,99,109,123,130],"challenge":[3],"of":[4,127],"uncertainty":[5],"regarding":[6],"attacker\u2019s":[8],"payoffs,":[9],"capabilities,":[10],"and":[11],"other":[12],"characteristics,":[13],"recent":[14],"work":[15],"in":[16,73],"security":[17],"games":[18],"has":[19],"focused":[20],"on":[21,54],"learning":[22,49,128],"optimal":[24,105],"defense":[25],"strategy":[26,69],"from":[27,129],"observed":[28],"attack":[29],"data.":[30],"This":[31,51],"raises":[32],"a":[33,66,81,95],"natural":[34],"concern":[35],"that":[36],"strategic":[38],"attacker":[39,58,76,120],"may":[40],"mislead":[41],"defender":[43,115],"by":[44],"deceptively":[45],"reacting":[46],"to":[47,79,90,107,118],"algorithms.":[50],"paper":[52],"focuses":[53],"understanding":[55],"how":[56],"such":[57],"deception":[59,68],"affects":[60],"game":[62,100],"equilibrium.":[63,110],"We":[64,93],"examine":[65],"basic":[67],"termed":[70],"imitative":[71,119],"deception,":[72,121],"which":[74],"simply":[77],"pretends":[78],"have":[80],"different":[82],"payoff":[83,87],"assuming":[84],"his":[85],"true":[86],"is":[88],"unknown":[89],"defender.":[92],"provide":[94],"clean":[96],"characterization":[97],"about":[98],"equilibrium":[101],"as":[102,104],"well":[103],"algorithms":[106],"compute":[108],"Our":[111],"experiments":[112],"illustrate":[113],"significant":[114],"loss":[116],"due":[117],"suggesting":[122],"potential":[124],"side":[125],"effect":[126],"attacker.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}