{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2964458951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/706","title":"Learning to Select Knowledge for Response Generation in Dialog Systems","display_name":"Learning to Select Knowledge for Response Generation in Dialog Systems","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2964458951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/706","mag":"2964458951"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2019/706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/706","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2019/0706.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2019/0706.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071553372","display_name":"Rongzhong Lian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rongzhong Lian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031241828","display_name":"Min Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2356-782X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029764136","display_name":"Fan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5932-7567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021416216","display_name":"Jinhua Peng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinhua Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100677198","display_name":"Hua Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5687-7800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98301712","display_name":"Baidu (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vs3wt56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baidu Inc., China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baidu Inc., China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98301712"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":188,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5081","last_page":"5087"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8391913175582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6568162441253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6324129700660706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6116073727607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5888074040412903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dialog-box","display_name":"Dialog box","score":0.5799861550331116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5794719457626343}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8391913175582886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6568162441253662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6324129700660706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6116073727607727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5888074040412903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173853756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q86915","display_name":"Dialog box","level":2,"score":0.5799861550331116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5794719457626343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2019/706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/706","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2019/0706.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-101012","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://lbdiscover.ust.hk/uresolver?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rfr_id=info:sid/HKUST:SPI&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=1045-0823&rft.volume=v. 2019-August&rft.issue=&rft.date=2019&rft.spage=5081&rft.aulast=Lian&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.atitle=Learning+to+select+knowledge+for+response+generation+in+dialog+systems&rft.title=IJCAI+International+Joint+Conference+on+Artificial+Intelligence","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2019/706","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/706","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2019/0706.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2964458951.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2964458951.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1591706642","https://openalex.org/W1975879668","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2547875792","https://openalex.org/W2754194354","https://openalex.org/W2757121784","https://openalex.org/W2799176105","https://openalex.org/W2807873315","https://openalex.org/W2898875342","https://openalex.org/W2950902819","https://openalex.org/W2962717182","https://openalex.org/W2963206148","https://openalex.org/W2963715136","https://openalex.org/W2963825865","https://openalex.org/W2963963856","https://openalex.org/W2964165364","https://openalex.org/W2964199361","https://openalex.org/W4288615072"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2098987383","https://openalex.org/W2417260800","https://openalex.org/W1596203174","https://openalex.org/W2117933979","https://openalex.org/W2283130723","https://openalex.org/W103938586","https://openalex.org/W2104718772","https://openalex.org/W4233992201","https://openalex.org/W1977846844","https://openalex.org/W2368721880"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"End-to-end":[0],"neural":[1,67],"models":[2],"for":[3],"intelligent":[4],"dialogue":[5],"systems":[6],"suffer":[7],"from":[8,51,98,122],"the":[9,39,49,58,106,112,129,143,148,169],"problem":[10],"of":[11,45,57,109,171],"generating":[12],"uninformative":[13],"responses.":[14],"Various":[15],"methods":[16],"were":[17],"proposed":[18],"to":[19,53,86,127],"generate":[20],"more":[21],"informative":[22],"responses":[23,141],"by":[24,61],"leveraging":[25],"external":[26],"knowledge.":[27,59],"However,":[28],"few":[29],"previous":[30,149,175],"work":[31],"has":[32],"focused":[33],"on":[34,162],"selecting":[35],"appropriate":[36,107,134,156],"knowledge":[37,46,73,83,88,95,110,135,157],"in":[38,158],"learning":[40,52],"process.":[41,114,145],"The":[42],"inappropriate":[43],"selection":[44,74,108],"could":[47],"prohibit":[48],"model":[50,68,152,173],"make":[54],"full":[55],"use":[56],"Motivated":[60],"this,":[62],"we":[63],"propose":[64],"an":[65],"end-to-end":[66],"which":[69,119],"employs":[70],"a":[71,91,116],"novel":[72],"mechanism":[75],"where":[76],"both":[77,99,163],"prior":[78,117],"and":[79,101,103,165],"posterior":[80,92,130],"distributions":[81],"over":[82,94,174],"are":[84],"used":[85,126],"facilitate":[87],"selection.":[89],"Specifically,":[90],"distribution":[93,131],"is":[96,120,125],"inferred":[97,121],"utterances":[100,123],"responses,":[102],"it":[104],"ensures":[105],"during":[111,142],"training":[113],"Meanwhile,":[115],"distribution,":[118],"only,":[124],"approximate":[128],"so":[132],"that":[133],"can":[136,153],"be":[137],"selected":[138],"even":[139],"without":[140],"inference":[144],"Compared":[146],"with":[147],"work,":[150],"our":[151,172],"better":[154],"incorporate":[155],"response":[159],"generation.":[160],"Experiments":[161],"automatic":[164],"human":[166],"evaluation":[167],"verify":[168],"superiority":[170],"baselines.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
