{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2963148524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/87","title":"Knowledge-Embedded Representation Learning for Fine-Grained Image Recognition","display_name":"Knowledge-Embedded Representation Learning for Fine-Grained Image Recognition","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2963148524","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/87","mag":"2963148524"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2018/87","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/87","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2018/0087.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2018/0087.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052027147","display_name":"Tianshui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5848-5624"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tianshui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100412937","display_name":"Liang Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2248-3755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128910","display_name":"Group Sense (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/036wd5777","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["SenseTime Research, China","Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SenseTime Research, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077597860","display_name":"Riquan Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riquan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067423683","display_name":"Wu Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5985-7648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100426931","display_name":"Xiaonan Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0751-5045"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5343935","display_name":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05arjae42","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaonan Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guilin University of Electronic Technology, China","Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guilin University of Electronic Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5343935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052027147"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.139,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":89,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98229832,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"627","last_page":"634"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8008661866188049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-learning","display_name":"Feature learning","score":0.6516164541244507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5947661995887756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.56855708360672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.5676803588867188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5599285960197449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5100496411323547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4737958312034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-representation-and-reasoning","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","score":0.44368916749954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4354623556137085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4308452904224396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.42821845412254333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-graph","display_name":"Knowledge graph","score":0.4184483289718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.391166090965271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.16929295659065247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8008661866188049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.6516164541244507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5947661995887756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.56855708360672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.5676803588867188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5599285960197449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5100496411323547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4737958312034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.44368916749954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4354623556137085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4308452904224396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.42821845412254333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987255567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33002955","display_name":"Knowledge graph","level":2,"score":0.4184483289718628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.391166090965271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.16929295659065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2018/87","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/87","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2018/0087.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24963/ijcai.2018/87","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/87","pdf_url":"https://www.ijcai.org/proceedings/2018/0087.pdf","source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7200000286102295}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1409295806","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017A030312006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1477544716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Guangdong","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G151301256","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017A030312006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1968560758","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017B01011600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335795","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G391238517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":", and","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5939423041","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Technology","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6558565582","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61622214","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6734290121","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017B010116001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335795","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6968067436","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017A03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335795","display_name":"Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2963148524.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2963148524.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W56385144","https://openalex.org/W603908379","https://openalex.org/W1616462885","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1756422141","https://openalex.org/W1797268635","https://openalex.org/W1891689858","https://openalex.org/W1898560071","https://openalex.org/W1928906481","https://openalex.org/W1955942245","https://openalex.org/W2104657103","https://openalex.org/W2140435402","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2202499615","https://openalex.org/W2207849498","https://openalex.org/W2270657321","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2306952455","https://openalex.org/W2309415944","https://openalex.org/W2462457117","https://openalex.org/W2479109623","https://openalex.org/W2581887665","https://openalex.org/W2604134068","https://openalex.org/W2737725206","https://openalex.org/W2765268259","https://openalex.org/W2773003563","https://openalex.org/W2776622059","https://openalex.org/W2950898568","https://openalex.org/W2951527505","https://openalex.org/W2963066927","https://openalex.org/W2963300078","https://openalex.org/W2963346996","https://openalex.org/W2963676620","https://openalex.org/W2963725249","https://openalex.org/W2964113829","https://openalex.org/W2964145825","https://openalex.org/W2964313478","https://openalex.org/W3124951096","https://openalex.org/W4300106950"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965546495","https://openalex.org/W4389116644","https://openalex.org/W3119773509","https://openalex.org/W3208297503","https://openalex.org/W2889153461","https://openalex.org/W2964117661","https://openalex.org/W4388405611","https://openalex.org/W2619127353","https://openalex.org/W4309346246","https://openalex.org/W3080107865"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Humans":[0],"can":[1,177],"naturally":[2],"understand":[3],"an":[4],"image":[5,25,78,128,147],"in":[6,87],"depth":[7],"with":[8,59,137,142,181,191],"the":[9,74,83,88,105,109,126,134,138,162,168,186,192,197,203,210],"aid":[10],"of":[11,30,33,76,90,145,196,212],"rich":[12,56,84],"knowledge":[13,58,91,110,123,160,198],"accumulated":[14],"from":[15],"daily":[16],"lives":[17],"or":[18],"professions.":[19],"For":[20],"example,":[21],"to":[22,54,100],"achieve":[23],"fine-grained":[24,77,146],"recognition":[26],"(e.g.,":[27],"categorizing":[28],"hundreds":[29],"subordinate":[31,172],"categories":[32],"birds)":[34],"usually":[35],"requires":[36],"a":[37,66,95,114,182],"comprehensive":[38],"visual":[39,85],"concept":[40],"organization":[41],"including":[42],"category":[43],"labels":[44],"and":[45,64,93],"part-level":[46],"attributes.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49,122],"work,":[50],"we":[51,81],"investigate":[52],"how":[53],"unify":[55],"professional":[57],"deep":[60],"neural":[61],"network":[62],"architectures":[63],"propose":[65],"Knowledge-Embedded":[67],"Representation":[68],"Learning":[69],"(KERL)":[70],"framework":[71,120,151,176,215],"for":[72,107],"handling":[73],"problem":[75],"recognition.":[79],"Specifically,":[80],"organize":[82],"concepts":[86],"form":[89],"graph":[92,106],"employ":[94],"Gated":[96],"Graph":[97],"Neural":[98],"Network":[99],"propagate":[101],"node":[102],"message":[103],"through":[104],"generating":[108],"representation.":[111],"By":[112],"introducing":[113],"novel":[115],"gated":[116],"mechanism,":[117],"our":[118,149,213],"KERL":[119,150,214],"incorporates":[121],"representation":[124],"into":[125],"discriminative":[127],"feature":[129,139,163,179],"learning,":[130],"i.e.,":[131],"implicitly":[132],"associating":[133],"specific":[135],"attributes":[136],"maps.":[140],"Compared":[141],"existing":[143,217],"methods":[144],"classification,":[148],"has":[152],"several":[153],"appealing":[154],"properties:":[155],"i)":[156],"The":[157],"embedded":[158],"high-level":[159],"enhances":[161],"representation,":[164],"thus":[165],"facilitating":[166],"distinguishing":[167],"subtle":[169],"differences":[170],"among":[171],"categories.":[173],"ii)":[174],"Our":[175],"learn":[178],"maps":[180],"meaningful":[183],"configuration":[184],"that":[185],"highlighted":[187],"regions":[188],"finely":[189],"accord":[190],"nodes":[193],"(specific":[194],"attributes)":[195],"graph.":[199],"Extensive":[200],"experiments":[201],"on":[202],"widely":[204],"used":[205],"Caltech-UCSD":[206],"bird":[207],"dataset":[208],"demonstrate":[209],"superiority":[211],"over":[216],"state-of-the-art":[218],"methods.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-13T07:58:08.660418","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}