{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2049055139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","title":"A fine-grained arc-consistency algorithm for non-normalized constraint satisfaction problems","display_name":"A fine-grained arc-consistency algorithm for non-normalized constraint satisfaction problems","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2049055139","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","mag":"2049055139"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","pdf_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117679522","display_name":"International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science","issn_l":"1641-876X","issn":["1641-876X","2083-8492"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065703632","display_name":"Marlene Arang\u00fa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marlene Arang\u00fa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Industrial Informatics and Automatics, Technical University of Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n. 46020 Valencia, Spain#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Industrial Informatics and Automatics, Technical University of Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n. 46020 Valencia, Spain#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010042002","display_name":"Miguel \u00c1. Salido","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4835-4057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Salido","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Industrial Informatics and Automatics Technical University of Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n. 46020 Valencia, Spain","Institute of Industrial Informatics and Automatics, Technical University of Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n. 46020 Valencia, Spain#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Industrial Informatics and Automatics Technical University of Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n. 46020 Valencia, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Industrial Informatics and Automatics, Technical University of Valencia, Camino de Vera, s/n. 46020 Valencia, Spain#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4080,"currency":"PLN","value_usd":1100},"apc_paid":{"value":4080,"currency":"PLN","value_usd":1100},"fwci":1.4628,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83009766,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"4","first_page":"733","last_page":"744"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11596","display_name":"Constraint Satisfaction and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9790999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-consistency","display_name":"Local consistency","score":0.9006334543228149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-satisfaction-problem","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction problem","score":0.8831719160079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-programming","display_name":"Constraint programming","score":0.7675802707672119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-logic-programming","display_name":"Constraint logic programming","score":0.712073802947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-satisfaction","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction","score":0.6892147064208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6857959628105164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.592479407787323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4919581115245819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.47958436608314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-algorithm","display_name":"Hybrid algorithm (constraint satisfaction)","score":0.4573199152946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-constraint","display_name":"Binary constraint","score":0.4258251190185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.28938090801239014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18207842111587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11210170388221741}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137105694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407510","display_name":"Local consistency","level":4,"score":0.9006334543228149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199622910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128326","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction problem","level":3,"score":0.8831719160079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173404611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q528588","display_name":"Constraint programming","level":3,"score":0.7675802707672119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176783269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164378","display_name":"Constraint logic programming","level":4,"score":0.712073802947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44616089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30158686","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction","level":3,"score":0.6892147064208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6857959628105164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.592479407787323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4919581115245819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.47958436608314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62469222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092103","display_name":"Hybrid algorithm (constraint satisfaction)","level":5,"score":0.4573199152946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79475747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4913885","display_name":"Binary constraint","level":5,"score":0.4258251190185547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.28938090801239014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18207842111587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11210170388221741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137631369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7617831","display_name":"Stochastic programming","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","pdf_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117679522","display_name":"International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science","issn_l":"1641-876X","issn":["1641-876X","2083-8492"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/33211","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10251/33211","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401500","display_name":"RiuNet (Politechnical University of Valencia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","host_organization_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zbc.uz.zgora.pl:46955","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://zbc.uz.zgora.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=46955","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400400","display_name":"Digital library of Zielona Gora (University of Zielona G\u00f3ra)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I46305939","host_organization_name":"University of Zielona G\u00f3ra","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I46305939"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://www.amcs.uz.zgora.pl/?action=paper&paper=588","raw_type":"artyku\u0142"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","pdf_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/v10006-011-0058-2","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117679522","display_name":"International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science","issn_l":"1641-876X","issn":["1641-876X","2083-8492"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2049055139.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2049055139.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W11305597","https://openalex.org/W47957325","https://openalex.org/W102062111","https://openalex.org/W1530466006","https://openalex.org/W1547863474","https://openalex.org/W1553655299","https://openalex.org/W1994652641","https://openalex.org/W2002783815","https://openalex.org/W2002847164","https://openalex.org/W2043193943","https://openalex.org/W2054896592","https://openalex.org/W2080223813","https://openalex.org/W2091984336","https://openalex.org/W2099980081","https://openalex.org/W2112957923","https://openalex.org/W2120161009","https://openalex.org/W2124383513","https://openalex.org/W2131245595","https://openalex.org/W2133211084","https://openalex.org/W2135432705","https://openalex.org/W2138037655","https://openalex.org/W2144642196","https://openalex.org/W2337098149","https://openalex.org/W2426452510","https://openalex.org/W2912248191","https://openalex.org/W4298855273","https://openalex.org/W4299843867","https://openalex.org/W6600439005","https://openalex.org/W6631760267"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1486916474","https://openalex.org/W96881443","https://openalex.org/W2140769824","https://openalex.org/W2334636689","https://openalex.org/W2008412758","https://openalex.org/W2097415053","https://openalex.org/W2252314269","https://openalex.org/W1770162292","https://openalex.org/W2528582581","https://openalex.org/W2139701554"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"fine-grained":[1],"arc-consistency":[2,69,95],"algorithm":[3],"for":[4,16,97,114,170],"non-normalized":[5,159,221],"constraint":[6,36,82,193],"satisfaction":[7],"problems":[8,24],"Constraint":[9,29],"programming":[10,37],"is":[11,43,70],"a":[12,41,137],"powerful":[13],"software":[14],"technology":[15],"solving":[17,40],"numerous":[18],"real-life":[19],"problems.":[20],"Many":[21],"of":[22,68,80,88,139,152,187,192,211],"these":[23],"can":[25],"be":[26,75],"modeled":[27],"as":[28,203],"Satisfaction":[30],"Problems":[31],"(CSPs)":[32],"and":[33,84,92,102,110,116,135,141,158,216,220],"solved":[34],"using":[35],"techniques.":[38],"However,":[39],"CSP":[42],"NP-complete":[44],"so":[45],"filtering":[46,98],"techniques":[47],"to":[48,61],"reduce":[49],"the":[50,63,81,89,122,156,166,177,190,199,209],"search":[51,64,201],"space":[52,202],"are":[53,58,100,127],"still":[54],"necessary.":[55],"Arc-consistency":[56],"algorithms":[57,96,105],"widely":[59],"used":[60,94],"prune":[62],"space.":[65],"The":[66,185,205],"concept":[67],"bidirectional,":[71],"i.e.,":[72,129],"it":[73,175],"must":[74],"ensured":[76],"in":[77,161,218],"both":[78],"directions":[79],"(direct":[83],"inverse":[85,167],"constraints).":[86],"Two":[87],"most":[90],"well-known":[91],"frequently":[93],"CSPs":[99],"AC3":[101],"AC4.":[103,204],"These":[104],"repeatedly":[106],"carry":[107],"out":[108],"revisions":[109,126],"require":[111],"support":[112],"checks":[113,140,194],"identifying":[115],"deleting":[117],"all":[118],"unsupported":[119],"values":[120],"from":[121],"domains.":[123],"Nevertheless,":[124],"many":[125],"ineffective,":[128],"they":[130],"cannot":[131],"delete":[132],"any":[133],"value":[134],"consume":[136],"lot":[138],"time.":[142],"In":[143],"this":[144],"paper,":[145],"we":[146],"present":[147],"AC4-OP,":[148],"an":[149],"optimized":[150],"version":[151],"AC4":[153],"that":[154],"manages":[155],"binary":[157],"constraints":[160],"only":[162],"one":[163],"direction,":[164],"storing":[165],"founded":[168],"supports":[169],"their":[171],"later":[172],"evaluation.":[173],"Thus,":[174],"reduces":[176,189],"propagation":[178],"phase":[179],"avoiding":[180],"unnecessary":[181],"or":[182],"ineffective":[183],"checking.":[184],"use":[186],"AC4-OP":[188,212],"number":[191],"by":[195],"50%":[196],"while":[197],"pruning":[198],"same":[200],"evaluation":[206],"section":[207],"shows":[208],"improvement":[210],"over":[213],"AC4,":[214],"AC6":[215],"AC7":[217],"random":[219],"instances.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
