{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220957579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2478/popets-2022-0038","title":"Understanding Privacy-Related Advice on Stack Overflow","display_name":"Understanding Privacy-Related Advice on Stack Overflow","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220957579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2478/popets-2022-0038"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2478/popets-2022-0038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/popets-2022-0038","pdf_url":"https://petsymposium.org/popets/2022/popets-2022-0038.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183172","display_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","issn_l":"2299-0984","issn":["2299-0984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://petsymposium.org/popets/2022/popets-2022-0038.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003738851","display_name":"Mohammad Tahaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9666-2663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Tahaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bristol","Carnegie Mellon University,","University of Bristol,","University of Edinburgh,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bristol","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bristol,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039928918","display_name":"Tianshi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0877-5727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianshi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University","Carnegie Mellon University,","University of Bristol,","University of Edinburgh,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bristol,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082266410","display_name":"Kami Vaniea","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8042-3342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kami Vaniea","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Edinburgh","University of Edinburgh,","Carnegie Mellon University,","University of Bristol,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Edinburgh,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bristol,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003738851"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482","https://openalex.org/I74973139","https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.4699,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98730842,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2022","issue":"2","first_page":"114","last_page":"131"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11045","display_name":"Privacy, Security, and Data Protection","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidentiality","display_name":"Confidentiality","score":0.7558839321136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.726561427116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advice","display_name":"Advice (programming)","score":0.7248601913452148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6498709917068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.6314946413040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-by-design","display_name":"Privacy by Design","score":0.6278054714202881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.5153152942657471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-advice","display_name":"Legal advice","score":0.502636194229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-software","display_name":"Privacy software","score":0.49301788210868835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/privacy-policy","display_name":"Privacy policy","score":0.48571500182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.33338409662246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-relations","display_name":"Public relations","score":0.14966809749603271}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.7558839321136475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.726561427116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779955035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4686785","display_name":"Advice (programming)","level":2,"score":0.7248601913452148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6498709917068481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.6314946413040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193934123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246028","display_name":"Privacy by Design","level":3,"score":0.6278054714202881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.5153152942657471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993469667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220117","display_name":"Legal advice","level":2,"score":0.502636194229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509729295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246032","display_name":"Privacy software","level":3,"score":0.49301788210868835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102938260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1999831","display_name":"Privacy policy","level":3,"score":0.48571500182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.33338409662246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.14966809749603271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2478/popets-2022-0038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/popets-2022-0038","pdf_url":"https://petsymposium.org/popets/2022/popets-2022-0038.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183172","display_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","issn_l":"2299-0984","issn":["2299-0984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.ed.ac.uk:publications/a0b7f464-a716-44c4-8978-49c6e970076b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/a0b7f464-a716-44c4-8978-49c6e970076b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400321","display_name":"Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","host_organization_name":"University of Edinburgh","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire/07daf61b-7df0-48c1-88e1-85079294a59c","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/07daf61b-7df0-48c1-88e1-85079294a59c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055359","display_name":"Explore Bristol Research","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Tahaei, M, Li, T & Vaniea, K 2022, Understanding Privacy-Related Advice on Stack Overflow. in Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies. 2 edn, vol. 2022, Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies, no. 2, vol. 2022, Sciendo, pp. 114-131. https://doi.org/10.2478/popets-2022-0038","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/07daf61b-7df0-48c1-88e1-85079294a59c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1983/07daf61b-7df0-48c1-88e1-85079294a59c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Tahaei, M, Li, T & Vaniea, K 2022, Understanding Privacy-Related Advice on Stack Overflow. in Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies. 2 edn, vol. 2022, Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies, no. 2, vol. 2022, Sciendo, pp. 114-131. https://doi.org/10.2478/popets-2022-0038","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:publications/07daf61b-7df0-48c1-88e1-85079294a59c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1983/07daf61b-7df0-48c1-88e1-85079294a59c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2478/popets-2022-0038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/popets-2022-0038","pdf_url":"https://petsymposium.org/popets/2022/popets-2022-0038.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183172","display_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","issn_l":"2299-0984","issn":["2299-0984"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308943","display_name":"Microsoft Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220957579.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4220957579.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W1996290308","https://openalex.org/W1996445490","https://openalex.org/W2056894403","https://openalex.org/W2077266243","https://openalex.org/W2079919685","https://openalex.org/W2107581074","https://openalex.org/W2109426455","https://openalex.org/W2116560806","https://openalex.org/W2117233102","https://openalex.org/W2164327070","https://openalex.org/W2168970028","https://openalex.org/W2211757780","https://openalex.org/W2286688404","https://openalex.org/W2511044583","https://openalex.org/W2511548333","https://openalex.org/W2602816279","https://openalex.org/W2608119921","https://openalex.org/W2608457654","https://openalex.org/W2610974906","https://openalex.org/W2758544228","https://openalex.org/W2767182834","https://openalex.org/W2796498984","https://openalex.org/W2908104737","https://openalex.org/W2944879635","https://openalex.org/W2963070937","https://openalex.org/W2963278782","https://openalex.org/W2964144088","https://openalex.org/W2964846418","https://openalex.org/W2966008409","https://openalex.org/W2972011292","https://openalex.org/W3015767612","https://openalex.org/W3020871328","https://openalex.org/W3032791547","https://openalex.org/W3038334557","https://openalex.org/W3047488602","https://openalex.org/W3047686302","https://openalex.org/W3081819535","https://openalex.org/W3082800652","https://openalex.org/W3120130861","https://openalex.org/W3122674220","https://openalex.org/W3125416233","https://openalex.org/W3129474364","https://openalex.org/W3160031811","https://openalex.org/W3160863695","https://openalex.org/W3161073803","https://openalex.org/W3161670349","https://openalex.org/W3163486598","https://openalex.org/W3164446143","https://openalex.org/W3169432636","https://openalex.org/W3201578419","https://openalex.org/W3213062391"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116878667","https://openalex.org/W3042284153","https://openalex.org/W2994243660","https://openalex.org/W2118333568","https://openalex.org/W2132024542","https://openalex.org/W2154524064","https://openalex.org/W576625533","https://openalex.org/W2187353989","https://openalex.org/W2549995367","https://openalex.org/W4381737504"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Privacy":[1],"tasks":[2],"can":[3],"be":[4],"challenging":[5],"for":[6,176],"developers,":[7],"resulting":[8],"in":[9,24,33],"privacy":[10,26,30,44,74,131],"frameworks":[11],"and":[12,28,67,92,112,126,142,155,165,183],"guidelines":[13],"from":[14,87,98],"the":[15,58,88,104,119,129,159,178,185],"research":[16],"community":[17],"which":[18],"are":[19,145],"designed":[20],"to":[21,72,152,192],"assist":[22],"developers":[23,41,63],"considering":[25],"features":[27],"applying":[29],"enhancing":[31],"technologies":[32],"early":[34],"stages":[35],"of":[36,60,96,128,161,187],"software":[37],"development.":[38],"However,":[39],"how":[40,68],"engage":[42],"with":[43,110,115],"design":[45,75,132],"strategies":[46,180],"is":[47,106],"not":[48],"yet":[49],"well":[50],"understood.":[51],"In":[52],"this":[53],"work,":[54],"we":[55],"look":[56],"at":[57],"types":[59],"privacy-related":[61,81],"advice":[62,70,97,105],"give":[64],"each":[65],"other":[66,166],"that":[69,103],"maps":[71],"Hoepman\u2019s":[73,130],"strategies.":[76,133],"We":[77,101,173],"qualitatively":[78],"analyzed":[79],"119":[80],"accepted":[82],"answers":[83],"on":[84,118],"Stack":[85],"Overflow":[86],"past":[89],"five":[90],"years":[91],"extracted":[93],"148":[94],"pieces":[95],"these":[99],"answers.":[100],"find":[102],"mostly":[107],"around":[108],"compliance":[109],"regulations":[111],"ensuring":[113],"confidentiality":[114],"a":[116],"focus":[117],"inform":[120],",":[121,123,125,137,139,141,144],"hide":[122],"control":[124],"minimize":[127],"Other":[134],"strategies,":[135],"abstract":[136],"separate":[138],"enforce":[140],"demonstrate":[143],"rarely":[146],"advised.":[147],"Answers":[148],"often":[149],"include":[150],"links":[151],"official":[153,163],"documentation":[154,164],"online":[156],"articles,":[157],"highlighting":[158],"value":[160],"both":[162],"informal":[167],"materials":[168],"such":[169],"as":[170],"blog":[171],"posts.":[172],"make":[174],"recommendations":[175],"promoting":[177],"under-stated":[179],"through":[181],"tools,":[182],"detail":[184],"importance":[186],"providing":[188],"better":[189],"developer":[190],"support":[191],"handle":[193],"third-party":[194],"data":[195],"practices.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-05-10T08:33:47.465468","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}