{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2055307577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forma-2013-0019","title":"Formalization of the Advanced Encryption Standard. Part I","display_name":"Formalization of the Advanced Encryption Standard. Part I","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2055307577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forma-2013-0019","mag":"2055307577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2478/forma-2013-0019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forma-2013-0019","pdf_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/forma-2013-0019","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179241345","display_name":"Formalized Mathematics","issn_l":"1426-2630","issn":["1426-2630","1898-9934"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Formalized Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/forma-2013-0019","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047236261","display_name":"K.I. Arai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3226-3035"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161296585","display_name":"Tokyo University of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05sj3n476","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161296585"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenichi Arai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo University of Science Chiba, Japan","[Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo University of Science Chiba, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161296585"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161296585"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048322538","display_name":"Hiroyuki Okazaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1022-361X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137975476","display_name":"Shinshu University","ror":"https://ror.org/0244rem06","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137975476"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroyuki Okazaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shinshu University Nagano, Japan","[Shinshu Univ., Nagano, Japan]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shinshu University Nagano, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137975476"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Shinshu Univ., Nagano, Japan]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137975476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09270417,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"171","last_page":"184"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advanced-encryption-standard","display_name":"Advanced Encryption Standard","score":0.7335705757141113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ciphertext","display_name":"Ciphertext","score":0.68589186668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.6852112412452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5826009511947632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptosystem","display_name":"Cryptosystem","score":0.5736758708953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-cipher","display_name":"Block cipher","score":0.5506434440612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5034403204917908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist","display_name":"NIST","score":0.5028223395347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-field","display_name":"Finite field","score":0.4940405488014221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.44595012068748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4449731409549713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-model","display_name":"Standard Model (mathematical formulation)","score":0.44265204668045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symmetric-key-algorithm","display_name":"Symmetric-key algorithm","score":0.4227473735809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.421871155500412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4189887046813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3882243037223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.3785712718963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3037499785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.25631117820739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.22132423520088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.18914225697517395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pure-mathematics","display_name":"Pure mathematics","score":0.10098972916603088}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94520183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190746","display_name":"Advanced Encryption Standard","level":3,"score":0.7335705757141113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93974786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1589480","display_name":"Ciphertext","level":3,"score":0.68589186668396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.6852112412452698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5826009511947632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6295992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q976521","display_name":"Cryptosystem","level":3,"score":0.5736758708953857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106544461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543151","display_name":"Block cipher","level":3,"score":0.5506434440612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5034403204917908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.5028223395347595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77926391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603880","display_name":"Finite field","level":2,"score":0.4940405488014221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.44595012068748474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4449731409549713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101454708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17106019","display_name":"Standard Model (mathematical formulation)","level":3,"score":0.44265204668045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65302260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327675","display_name":"Symmetric-key algorithm","level":4,"score":0.4227473735809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.421871155500412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4189887046813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3882243037223816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.3785712718963623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3037499785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.25631117820739746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.22132423520088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.18914225697517395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.10098972916603088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40976572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2330873","display_name":"Gauge (firearms)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2478/forma-2013-0019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forma-2013-0019","pdf_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/forma-2013-0019","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179241345","display_name":"Formalized Mathematics","issn_l":"1426-2630","issn":["1426-2630","1898-9934"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Formalized Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:86b3afda-d592-4c28-8e64-0afed7479f02/oai:repozytorium.uwb.edu.pl:11320/3686","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401249","display_name":"Jagiellonian University Repository (Jagiellonian University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126596746","host_organization_name":"Jagiellonian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126596746"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:032854fdb9fe4bac93ffa96f22aaa43a","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/032854fdb9fe4bac93ffa96f22aaa43a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Formalized Mathematics, Vol 21, Iss 3, Pp 171-184 (2013)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repozytorium.uwb.edu.pl:11320/3686","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11320/3686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400933","display_name":"The Repository of University in Bialystok (University in Bialystok)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210094198","host_organization_name":"University Clinical Hospital In Bialystok","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094198"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2478/forma-2013-0019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/forma-2013-0019","pdf_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/forma-2013-0019","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S179241345","display_name":"Formalized Mathematics","issn_l":"1426-2630","issn":["1426-2630","1898-9934"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320322","host_organization_name":"De Gruyter Open","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320322","https://openalex.org/P4310313990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["De Gruyter Open","De Gruyter"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Formalized Mathematics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1453757988","display_name":"Study on secure and safety technology for sensor networks","funder_award_id":"21240001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5886570192","display_name":"Content Development for Distance Education in Advanced University Mathematics Using Mizar","funder_award_id":"22300285","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2055307577.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2055307577.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W148282774","https://openalex.org/W180239714","https://openalex.org/W192809544","https://openalex.org/W260340778","https://openalex.org/W1794809807","https://openalex.org/W2062624044","https://openalex.org/W2105559527","https://openalex.org/W2140479677","https://openalex.org/W2150348213","https://openalex.org/W2296232473","https://openalex.org/W4238341678","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2125214861","https://openalex.org/W2522069694","https://openalex.org/W2059218952","https://openalex.org/W4386242069","https://openalex.org/W2405883016","https://openalex.org/W2889511553","https://openalex.org/W2698153239","https://openalex.org/W4280572121","https://openalex.org/W1798672631","https://openalex.org/W2999570828"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Summary":[0],"In":[1,129],"this":[2,111,130],"article,":[3],"we":[4],"formalize":[5,73],"the":[6,14,21,31,47,55,63,70,74,83,86,90,94,102,107,113,120,132,147,160,167],"Advanced":[7],"Encryption":[8],"Standard":[9,45],"(AES).":[10],"AES,":[11],"which":[12,60],"is":[13,23,54,117,143,164],"most":[15,64],"widely":[16,65],"used":[17,66],"symmetric":[18,67],"cryptosystem":[19,68],"in":[20,50,69],"world,":[22],"a":[24],"block":[25],"cipher":[26],"that":[27,89,158],"was":[28,61],"selected":[29],"by":[30,93,101,166],"National":[32],"Institute":[33],"of":[34,85,119,156],"Standards":[35],"and":[36,124,134],"Technology":[37],"(NIST)":[38],"as":[39,139],"an":[40],"official":[41],"Federal":[42],"Information":[43],"Processing":[44],"for":[46,151],"United":[48],"States":[49],"2001":[51],"[12].":[52,79],"AES":[53,75,95,114,157],"successor":[56],"to":[57,78,145],"DES":[58],"[13],":[59],"formerly":[62],"world.":[71],"We":[72,80],"algorithm":[76,88,96],"according":[77],"then":[81],"verify":[82],"correctness":[84],"formalized":[87,165],"ciphertext":[91],"encoded":[92],"can":[97],"be":[98],"decoded":[99],"uniquely":[100],"same":[103],"key.":[104],"Please":[105],"note":[106],"following":[108],"points":[109],"about":[110],"formalization:":[112],"round":[115],"process":[116],"composed":[118],"SubBytes,":[121],"ShiftRows,":[122],"MixColumns,":[123],"AddRoundKey":[125],"transformations":[126,136],"(see":[127],"[12]).":[128],"formalization,":[131],"SubBytes":[133],"MixColumns":[135],"are":[137],"given":[138],"permutations,":[140],"because":[141],"it":[142],"necessary":[144],"treat":[146],"finite":[148,161],"field":[149,162],"GF(28)":[150,163],"those":[152],"transformations.":[153],"The":[154],"formalization":[155],"considers":[159],"future":[168],"article.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
