{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1971622515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2014-0002","title":"Estimation and Calculation Procedures of the Technical Provisions for Outstanding Insurance Claims","display_name":"Estimation and Calculation Procedures of the Technical Provisions for Outstanding Insurance Claims","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1971622515","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2014-0002","mag":"1971622515"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2478/acss-2014-0002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2014-0002","pdf_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/acss-2014-0002","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737199380","display_name":"Applied Computer Systems","issn_l":"2255-8683","issn":["2255-8683","2255-8691"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317398","host_organization_name":"Polish Association for Knowledge Promotion","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317398"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Polish Association for Knowledge Promotion"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computer Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/acss-2014-0002","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003754486","display_name":"Aleksandrs Matvejevs","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201787326","display_name":"Riga Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00twb6c09","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandrs Matvejevs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Riga Technical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Riga Technical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009937665","display_name":"Anatoliy Malyarenko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0139-0747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82509713","display_name":"M\u00e4lardalen University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vfbz75","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82509713"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anatoliy Malyarenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["M\u00e4lardalen University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"M\u00e4lardalen University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82509713"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023404277","display_name":"Andrejs Matvejevs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9438-3441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201787326","display_name":"Riga Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00twb6c09","country_code":"LV","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}],"countries":["LV"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrejs Matvejevs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Riga Technical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Riga Technical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201787326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09413401,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":"14","last_page":"21"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11720","display_name":"Probability and Risk Models","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11720","display_name":"Probability and Risk Models","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12394","display_name":"Insurance and Financial Risk Management","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12011","display_name":"Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management","score":0.9794999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/actuarial-science","display_name":"Actuarial science","score":0.7708760499954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/settlement","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","score":0.6344282627105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/casualty-insurance","display_name":"Casualty insurance","score":0.6302422881126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insurance-policy","display_name":"Insurance policy","score":0.6258013248443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liability-insurance","display_name":"Liability insurance","score":0.6063188314437866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/general-insurance","display_name":"General insurance","score":0.585934579372406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auto-insurance-risk-selection","display_name":"Auto insurance risk selection","score":0.5336799025535583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment","display_name":"Investment (military)","score":0.5241042375564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-person-insurance","display_name":"Key person insurance","score":0.5181983113288879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insurability","display_name":"Insurability","score":0.5167543292045593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liability","display_name":"Liability","score":0.5079293847084045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.48617738485336304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-interruption-insurance","display_name":"Business interruption insurance","score":0.47467970848083496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/payment","display_name":"Payment","score":0.4726863205432892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property-insurance","display_name":"Property insurance","score":0.47162437438964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-insurance","display_name":"Life insurance","score":0.4632801413536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.3911247253417969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finance","display_name":"Finance","score":0.33656951785087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insurance-law","display_name":"Insurance law","score":0.3322494626045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income-protection-insurance","display_name":"Income protection insurance","score":0.28808045387268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law","display_name":"Law","score":0.11673781275749207}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.7708760499954224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777063073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1553237","display_name":"Settlement (finance)","level":3,"score":0.6344282627105713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22738907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813256","display_name":"Casualty insurance","level":3,"score":0.6302422881126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68799949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977871","display_name":"Insurance policy","level":2,"score":0.6258013248443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115672447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992350","display_name":"Liability insurance","level":3,"score":0.6063188314437866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14293393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2663825","display_name":"General insurance","level":3,"score":0.585934579372406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62172701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826138","display_name":"Auto insurance risk selection","level":4,"score":0.5336799025535583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5241042375564575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29513703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398174","display_name":"Key person insurance","level":3,"score":0.5181983113288879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33364599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042300","display_name":"Insurability","level":5,"score":0.5167543292045593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777834853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96776939","display_name":"Liability","level":2,"score":0.5079293847084045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.48617738485336304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172195485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4443488","display_name":"Business interruption insurance","level":5,"score":0.47467970848083496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.4726863205432892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5891342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2868302","display_name":"Property insurance","level":4,"score":0.47162437438964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020299011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626608","display_name":"Life insurance","level":2,"score":0.4632801413536072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3911247253417969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.33656951785087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168042013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1037642","display_name":"Insurance law","level":4,"score":0.3322494626045227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101615574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17055997","display_name":"Income protection insurance","level":4,"score":0.28808045387268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.11673781275749207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2478/acss-2014-0002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2014-0002","pdf_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/acss-2014-0002","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737199380","display_name":"Applied Computer Systems","issn_l":"2255-8683","issn":["2255-8683","2255-8691"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317398","host_organization_name":"Polish Association for Knowledge Promotion","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317398"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Polish Association for Knowledge Promotion"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computer Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ede608f08f164160bc0344cf635b3e9d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ede608f08f164160bc0344cf635b3e9d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computer Systems, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 14-21 (2014)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:science.rtu.lv:18608","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ortus.rtu.lv/science/lv/publications/18608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2478/acss-2014-0002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acss-2014-0002","pdf_url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/acss-2014-0002","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2737199380","display_name":"Applied Computer Systems","issn_l":"2255-8683","issn":["2255-8683","2255-8691"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317398","host_organization_name":"Polish Association for Knowledge Promotion","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317398"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Polish Association for Knowledge Promotion"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Computer Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1971622515.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1971622515.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1743952524","https://openalex.org/W2046336369","https://openalex.org/W2103371101","https://openalex.org/W2162977581","https://openalex.org/W2186755139","https://openalex.org/W3167240668","https://openalex.org/W3172427681","https://openalex.org/W4235809732"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393100584","https://openalex.org/W2097813980","https://openalex.org/W2186594674","https://openalex.org/W4295159826","https://openalex.org/W4241837356","https://openalex.org/W4380030173","https://openalex.org/W2371588378","https://openalex.org/W2259390008","https://openalex.org/W2808632237","https://openalex.org/W4211118941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1],"paper":[2],"presents":[3],"algorithms":[4],"for":[5,24,59,82,105,126,133,140,177],"insurance":[6,21,52,63,66,73],"technical":[7,22],"provisions":[8,23],"taking":[9],"into":[10],"account":[11,168],"losses,":[12],"which":[13],"are":[14,68,144,199],"incurred":[15,54],"but":[16],"not":[17],"reported.":[18],"Evaluation":[19],"of":[20,27,48,62,108,110,137,150,154,169,172,194],"the":[25,46,49,60,75,102,106,114,122,124,127,134,147,151,155,170,178,202],"kinds":[26],"insurance,":[28],"such":[29],"as":[30,85,87,113],"Motor":[31],"Third":[32],"Party":[33],"Liability":[34],"(MTPL)":[35],"Insurance,":[36,77],"Property":[37],"Insurance":[38],"and":[39,91],"some":[40],"others,":[41],"have":[42,187],"difficulties":[43],"in":[44,74],"assessing":[45],"impact":[47,171],"losses":[50,78,132,173,186],"from":[51,174],"claims":[53],"requiring":[55],"a":[56,141,192],"longer":[57],"time":[58],"settlement":[61,109],"claims.":[64],"These":[65],"requirements":[67],"mainly":[69],"associated":[70],"with":[71,157],"health":[72],"MTPL":[76],"related":[79],"to":[80,100,166,188,201],"compensation":[81],"moral":[83],"injuries,":[84],"well":[86],"on":[88,191],"life":[89],"care":[90],"life-long":[92],"pension.":[93],"To":[94],"run":[95],"these":[96],"payments,":[97],"you":[98],"need":[99],"know":[101],"financial":[103],"indicators":[104],"period":[107],"loss":[111,138,148],"(such":[112],"effective":[115],"interest":[116],"rate,":[117],"investment":[118],"income,":[119],"etc.)":[120],"In":[121],"article":[123,182],"procedures":[125],"most":[128],"accurate":[129],"forecast":[130],"possible":[131],"expected":[135],"excess":[136],"amount":[139],"treaty":[142],"year":[143,193],"provided,":[145],"using":[146],"experience":[149],"previous":[152,175],"years":[153,176],"occurrence":[156],"their":[158],"development.":[159],"However,":[160],"certain":[161],"adjustments":[162],"should":[163],"be":[164,189],"made":[165],"take":[167],"current":[179,203],"period.":[180],"This":[181],"describes":[183],"how":[184],"outstanding":[185],"projected":[190],"reporting,":[195],"so":[196],"that":[197],"they":[198],"correspond":[200],"values":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
